{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005646040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197609022951003","title":"Pharmacologic Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the Premature Infant","display_name":"Pharmacologic Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the Premature Infant","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005646040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197609022951003","mag":"2005646040","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/820994"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm197609022951003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197609022951003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197609022951003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2005646040"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050791253","display_name":"William F. Friedman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William F. Friedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037918999","display_name":"Michael J. Hirschklau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Hirschklau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072892481","display_name":"Morton P. Printz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morton P. Printz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040127174","display_name":"Paul T. Pitlick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul T. Pitlick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084220140","display_name":"Stanley E. Kirkpatrick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanley E. Kirkpatrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (address reprint requests to Dr. Friedman at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, 225 West Dickinson St., San Diego, CA 92103)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":51.2769,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":496,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"295","issue":"10","first_page":"526","last_page":"529"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12272","display_name":"Cardiovascular Conditions and Treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12272","display_name":"Cardiovascular Conditions and Treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10549","display_name":"Neonatal Respiratory Health Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10300","display_name":"Congenital Heart Disease Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-ductus-arteriosus","display_name":"patent ductus arteriosus","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indomethacin","display_name":"indomethacin","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostaglandin-synthesis-inhibition","display_name":"prostaglandin synthesis inhibition","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preterm-infants","display_name":"preterm infants","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-distress-syndrome","display_name":"respiratory distress syndrome","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-to-right-shunt","display_name":"left-to-right shunt","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-function","display_name":"renal function","score":0.6650000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781236024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163923","display_name":"Ductus arteriosus","level":2,"score":0.9864078760147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9455029368400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141983124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188008","display_name":"Respiratory distress","level":2,"score":0.7092766165733337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197328160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7505161","display_name":"Shunting","level":2,"score":0.5648869276046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174940676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495626","display_name":"Constriction","level":2,"score":0.5059663653373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.4870898723602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179437574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15089798","display_name":"Ligation","level":2,"score":0.46966350078582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4419039487838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780664492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209717","display_name":"Prostaglandin","level":2,"score":0.4162524342536926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.36017364263534546}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003864","descriptor_name":"Depression, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004341","descriptor_name":"Drug Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004374","descriptor_name":"Ductus Arteriosus, Patent","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007213","descriptor_name":"Indomethacin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007213","descriptor_name":"Indomethacin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007213","descriptor_name":"Indomethacin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007235","descriptor_name":"Infant, Premature, Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011453","descriptor_name":"Prostaglandins","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016861","descriptor_name":"Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm197609022951003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197609022951003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm197609022951003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:820994","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/820994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145086698","https://openalex.org/W268186207","https://openalex.org/W1944351458","https://openalex.org/W1969126206","https://openalex.org/W1973552280","https://openalex.org/W1976738963","https://openalex.org/W1982750916","https://openalex.org/W1985138005","https://openalex.org/W2002312231","https://openalex.org/W2003359197","https://openalex.org/W2015680558","https://openalex.org/W2017717455","https://openalex.org/W2018560295","https://openalex.org/W2019052270","https://openalex.org/W2027875351","https://openalex.org/W2033534122","https://openalex.org/W2045816731","https://openalex.org/W2059670520","https://openalex.org/W2064290546","https://openalex.org/W2081298581","https://openalex.org/W2084621286","https://openalex.org/W2088804413","https://openalex.org/W2144238497","https://openalex.org/W2414932760","https://openalex.org/W2485798770","https://openalex.org/W4252390540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018560295","https://openalex.org/W2008574993","https://openalex.org/W2492185194","https://openalex.org/W2064853155","https://openalex.org/W2472624657","https://openalex.org/W1992159714","https://openalex.org/W4302387489","https://openalex.org/W2233152587","https://openalex.org/W2415311502","https://openalex.org/W2913843994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,107],"prostaglandins":[1],"affect":[2],"smooth-muscle":[3],"tone":[4],"of":[5,16,33,37,58,113,129],"the":[6,13,24,49,59,66,114,126,130],"ductus":[7,10,83,116],"arteriosus.":[8],"Patent":[9],"often":[11],"complicates":[12],"clinical":[14,67],"course":[15],"prematurely":[17],"born":[18],"infants":[19,47,99],"with":[20,48],"respiratory-distress":[21,131],"syndrome.":[22,132],"In":[23],"present":[25],"study,":[26],"a":[27,34,81],"single":[28],"oral":[29],"or":[30],"rectal":[31],"dose":[32],"potent":[35],"inhibitor":[36],"prostaglandin":[38],"synthesis,":[39],"indomethacin,":[40],"was":[41,95],"administered":[42],"to":[43,76],"six":[44],"consecutive":[45],"premature":[46],"syndrome":[50],"who":[51],"would":[52],"otherwise":[53],"have":[54],"undergone":[55],"surgical":[56],"ligation":[57],"patent":[60,82,115],"ductus.":[61],"Within":[62],"24":[63],"hours":[64],"all":[65],"symptoms":[68],"and":[69,72,86,111],"physical,":[70],"echocardiographic":[71],"radiographic":[73],"signs":[74],"attributable":[75],"substantial":[77],"left-to-right":[78],"shunting":[79],"through":[80],"arteriosus":[84,117],"dramatically":[85],"permanently":[87],"disappeared.":[88],"A":[89],"transient":[90],"reduction":[91],"in":[92,97,100],"renal":[93],"function":[94],"observed":[96],"two":[98],"whom":[101],"sustained":[102],"ill-effects":[103],"did":[104],"not":[105],"occur.":[106],"observation":[108],"that":[109],"constriction":[110],"closure":[112],"may":[118],"be":[119],"induced":[120],"pharmacologically":[121],"raises":[122],"important":[123],"possibilities":[124],"for":[125],"improved":[127],"treatment":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}