{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005506388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","title":"Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing\u2010remitting multiple sclerosis","display_name":"Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing\u2010remitting multiple sclerosis","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005506388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","mag":"2005506388","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11902590"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79704628","display_name":"Neurology","issn_l":"0028-3878","issn":["0028-3878","1526-632X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037675795","display_name":"K. P. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4179-8640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4179-8640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. P. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108399976","display_name":"Benjamin Brooks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7643-9614","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7643-9614"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. R. Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053403281","display_name":"Jeffrey A. Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-9772","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-9772"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108224499","display_name":"Corey C. Ford","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. C. Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008389577","display_name":"Jonathan M. Goldstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5778-4078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5778-4078"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Goldstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110223971","display_name":"Robert P. Lisak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-1696","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-1696"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. P. Lisak","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008779076","display_name":"Lawrence W. Myers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. W. Myers","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056460527","display_name":"HILLEL S. PANITCH","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. S. Panitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067116063","display_name":"JOHN W. ROSE","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2382-5921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2382-5921","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-5506"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. W. Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062904095","display_name":"Randolph B. Schiffer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. B. Schiffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025759103","display_name":"Timothy R. Vollmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-9985","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-9985"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Vollmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044785309","display_name":"L. P. Weiner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. P. Weiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012511970","display_name":"J. S. Wolinsky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. S. Wolinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Johnson and Panitch), University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Brooks), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Cohen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA the Department of Neurology (Dr. Ford), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; the Department of Neurology (Drs. Goldstein and Vollmer), Yale University, New Haven, CT; the Department of Neurology (Dr. Lisak), Wayne State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I169521973","https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.8487,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1898,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99883479,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"7","first_page":"1268","last_page":"1276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11827","display_name":"Polyomavirus and related diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10469","display_name":"Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glatiramer-acetate","display_name":"glatiramer acetate","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapsing-remitting-multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapse-rate","display_name":"relapse rate","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-progression","display_name":"disability progression","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expanded-disability-status-scale","display_name":"Expanded Disability Status Scale","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcutaneous-injection","display_name":"subcutaneous injection","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-events","display_name":"adverse events","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-reactions","display_name":"systemic reactions","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-tolerability","display_name":"treatment tolerability","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.8726392984390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8228504061698914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203092338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340863","display_name":"Clinical endpoint","level":3,"score":0.6196483969688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.6111596822738647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.6093611717224121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.458174467086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929518","display_name":"Expanded Disability Status Scale","level":3,"score":0.4481028914451599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15920480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421281","display_name":"Copolymer","level":3,"score":0.43618083000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4036981761455536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.38450199365615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.05938810110092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068717","descriptor_name":"Glatiramer Acetate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068717","descriptor_name":"Glatiramer Acetate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068717","descriptor_name":"Glatiramer Acetate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004185","descriptor_name":"Disability Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004185","descriptor_name":"Disability Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004185","descriptor_name":"Disability Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015337","descriptor_name":"Multicenter Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015337","descriptor_name":"Multicenter Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015337","descriptor_name":"Multicenter Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017326","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017326","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017326","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.7.1268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79704628","display_name":"Neurology","issn_l":"0028-3878","issn":["0028-3878","1526-632X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11902590","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11902590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurology","raw_type":"Biography"},{"id":"pmid:7617181","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7617181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7323893935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FD-R000559-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332163","funder_display_name":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332163","display_name":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/034xvzb47"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025909013","https://openalex.org/W2940753023","https://openalex.org/W4290988590","https://openalex.org/W4238477398","https://openalex.org/W2394374926","https://openalex.org/W3140447077","https://openalex.org/W2525470836","https://openalex.org/W1966515383","https://openalex.org/W2228388786","https://openalex.org/W2998098989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"we":[0],"studied":[1],"copolymer":[2,27,74,90,100,120,166,188,231,276],"1":[3,28,75,91,101,167,189,232,277],"(Copaxone)":[4],"in":[5,57,87,107,226,289],"a":[6,38,55,84,133,218,269,290],"multicenter":[7],"(11-university)":[8],"phase":[9],"III":[10],"trial":[11,272],"of":[12,40,89,110,142,228,235,268,286],"patients":[13,22,72,112,143,164],"with":[14,248],"relapsing-remitting":[15,287],"multiple":[16],"sclerosis":[17],"(MS).":[18],"Two":[19],"hundred":[20],"fifty-one":[21],"were":[23,146,168,183],"randomized":[24],"to":[25,116,156,170,259],"receive":[26],"(n":[29,34],"=":[30,35,93,97,179],"125)":[31],"or":[32,148,245,251],"placebo":[33,176,196],"126)":[36],"at":[37,198],"dosage":[39],"20":[41],"mg":[42],"by":[43,125,150,243],"daily":[44],"subcutaneous":[45],"injection":[46,225],"for":[47,71,80,99,104,256],"2":[48],"years.":[49],"The":[50,62,203,208],"primary":[51],"end":[52],"point":[53],"was":[54,67,123,160,205,213,241],"difference":[56],"the":[58,108,126,140,187,195,200,224,266,284],"MS":[59,288],"relapse":[60,65,118],"rate.":[61],"final":[63],"2-year":[64],"rate":[66],"1.19":[68],"\u00b1":[69,78],"0.13":[70,79],"receiving":[73,82,165,175,230,237],"and":[76,102,113,136,173,191,233,253,273,281],"1.68":[77],"those":[81,229,236],"placebo,":[83],"29%":[85],"reduction":[86],"favor":[88],"(p":[92,178],"0.007)":[94],"(annualized":[95],"rates":[96],"0.59":[98],"0.84":[103],"placebo).":[105],"Trends":[106],"proportion":[109,141],"relapse-free":[111],"median":[114],"time":[115],"first":[117],"favored":[119],"1.":[121],"Disability":[122,128],"measured":[124],"Expanded":[127],"Status":[129],"Scale":[130],"(EDSS),":[131],"using":[132],"two-neurologist":[134],"(examining":[135],"treating)":[137],"protocol.":[138],"When":[139],"who":[144],"improved,":[145],"unchanged,":[147],"worsened":[149,177],"\u22651":[151],"EDSS":[152],"step":[153],"from":[154,186,194],"baseline":[155],"conclusion":[157],"(2":[158],"years)":[159],"evaluated,":[161],"significantly":[162,280],"more":[163,174],"found":[169],"have":[171],"improved":[172],"0.037).":[180],"Patient":[181],"withdrawals":[182],"19":[184],"(15.2%)":[185],"group":[190,197],"17":[192],"(13.5%)":[193],"approximately":[199],"same":[201],"intervals.":[202],"treatment":[204,278],"well":[206],"tolerated.":[207],"most":[209],"common":[210],"adverse":[211],"experience":[212],"an":[214],"injection-site":[215],"reaction.":[216],"Rarely,":[217],"transient":[219],"self-limited":[220],"systemic":[221],"reaction":[222,240],"followed":[223],"15.2%":[227],"3.2%":[234],"placebo.":[238],"This":[239,262],"characterized":[242],"flushing":[244],"chest":[246],"tightness":[247],"palpitations,":[249],"anxiety,":[250],"dyspnea":[252],"commonly":[254],"lasted":[255],"30":[257,260],"seconds":[258],"minutes.":[261],"rigorous":[263],"study":[264],"confirmed":[265],"findings":[267],"previous":[270],"pilot":[271],"demonstrated":[274],"that":[275],"can":[279],"beneficially":[282],"alter":[283],"course":[285],"well-tolerated":[291],"fashion.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":86},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":99}],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
