{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005501018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","title":"The engineer as judge: engineering analysis and political economy in eighteenth century France","display_name":"The engineer as judge: engineering analysis and political economy in eighteenth century France","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005501018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","mag":"2005501018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19378620902725174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19378620902725174?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200914213","display_name":"Engineering Studies","issn_l":"1937-8629","issn":["1937-8629","1940-8374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19378620902725174?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110611820","display_name":"Antoine Picon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4219-5873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4219-5873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Picon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Graduate School of Design, Gund Hall, 48 Quincy St, Cambridge, Mass., 02138, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Graduate School of Design, Gund Hall, 48 Quincy St, Cambridge, Mass., 02138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110611820"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27314439,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"19","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.8970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.8970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.07440000027418137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12170","display_name":"History and Theory of Mathematics","score":0.014299999922513962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2614","display_name":"Theoretical Computer Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-economy","display_name":"political economy","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-analysis","display_name":"engineering analysis","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"calculus","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enlightenment","display_name":"Enlightenment","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-efficiency","display_name":"technological efficiency","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculation","display_name":"calculation","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-interest","display_name":"public interest","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-engineering","display_name":"history of engineering","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-political-economy","display_name":"history of political economy","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780326160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592592","display_name":"Enlightenment","level":2,"score":0.8674706816673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.669852614402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6020069718360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.5893169045448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5748637914657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112343008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140744","display_name":"Arithmetic function","level":2,"score":0.5091020464897156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.504888117313385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.47860950231552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018122192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569250","display_name":"Turning point","level":3,"score":0.45536747574806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4216250777244568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.37810832262039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3388420343399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.301053524017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2956863343715668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.29444992542266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.27073660492897034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26816850900650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2047063708305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13459783792495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.117055743932724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/19378620902725174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19378620902725174?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200914213","display_name":"Engineering Studies","issn_l":"1937-8629","issn":["1937-8629","1940-8374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/37093466","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:37093466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:halshs-00540957v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00540957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Studies, 2009, 1 (1), pp. 19-34. &#x27E8;10.1080/19378620902725174&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19378620902725174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19378620902725174","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19378620902725174?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200914213","display_name":"Engineering Studies","issn_l":"1937-8629","issn":["1937-8629","1940-8374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005501018.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005501018.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17855765","https://openalex.org/W419001252","https://openalex.org/W582009155","https://openalex.org/W617344110","https://openalex.org/W641745000","https://openalex.org/W647753532","https://openalex.org/W651019462","https://openalex.org/W654075287","https://openalex.org/W1488281186","https://openalex.org/W1534719885","https://openalex.org/W1557560513","https://openalex.org/W1574863546","https://openalex.org/W1605592770","https://openalex.org/W2015313170","https://openalex.org/W2037569119","https://openalex.org/W2046300973","https://openalex.org/W2049862062","https://openalex.org/W2064221662","https://openalex.org/W2066899166","https://openalex.org/W2073233023","https://openalex.org/W2084440139","https://openalex.org/W2091811045","https://openalex.org/W2102335680","https://openalex.org/W2111406112","https://openalex.org/W2112914958","https://openalex.org/W2221378144","https://openalex.org/W2479525604","https://openalex.org/W2538136855","https://openalex.org/W2913440894","https://openalex.org/W2971985176","https://openalex.org/W3036164100","https://openalex.org/W4236173682","https://openalex.org/W4302604277","https://openalex.org/W6600750904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W582009155","https://openalex.org/W3122975654","https://openalex.org/W2155321928","https://openalex.org/W2325194235","https://openalex.org/W1986074231","https://openalex.org/W2151839487","https://openalex.org/W7221754424","https://openalex.org/W2052219165","https://openalex.org/W2094690346","https://openalex.org/W2116616954"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"eighteenth":[1,95],"century":[2],"represents":[3],"a":[4,23,38,71,81],"major":[5],"turning":[6,17],"point":[7,18],"in":[8,73],"French":[9,105],"engineers'":[10],"conception":[11,75],"and":[12,31,34,63,87,98],"practice":[13],"of":[14,29,37,41,76,93,113],"calculation.":[15],"This":[16,47,102],"can":[19],"be":[20],"described":[21],"as":[22,110],"transition":[24,48],"between":[25],"the":[26,35,52,57,74,91,94],"traditional":[27],"use":[28],"arithmetical":[30],"geometric":[32],"tools":[33],"introduction":[36],"new":[39],"set":[40],"mathematical":[42],"instruments":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45],"calculus.":[46],"takes":[49],"place":[50],"within":[51],"epistemological":[53],"frame":[54],"provided":[55],"by":[56],"Enlightenment":[58],"analytical":[59],"approach":[60],"to":[61,84,107],"science":[62],"technology.":[64],"It":[65],"is":[66],"above":[67],"all":[68],"inseparable":[69],"from":[70],"shift":[72],"technological":[77],"efficiency":[78],"that":[79],"presents":[80],"strong":[82],"connection":[83,103],"emerging":[85],"political":[86,99],"economical":[88],"values.":[89],"Towards":[90],"end":[92],"century,":[96],"engineering":[97],"economy":[100],"connect.":[101],"enables":[104],"engineers":[106],"present":[108],"themselves":[109],"impartial":[111],"judges":[112],"public":[114],"interest.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
