{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005374086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.4035356","title":"Glucocorticoids Potentiate Ischemic Injury to Neurons: Therapeutic Implications","display_name":"Glucocorticoids Potentiate Ischemic Injury to Neurons: Therapeutic Implications","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005374086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.4035356","mag":"2005374086","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4035356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.4035356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.4035356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.4035356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2005374086"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072175765","display_name":"Robert Morris Sapolsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-5838","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-5838"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83399316","display_name":"Rockefeller University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420db125","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83399316"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert M. Sapolsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York 10021"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York 10021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83399316"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111456112","display_name":"William A. Pulsinelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William A. Pulsinelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Cornell University Medical College, New York 10021"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Cornell University Medical College, New York 10021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.05,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":673,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97387518,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"229","issue":"4720","first_page":"1397","last_page":"1400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.4253000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.4253000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.1429000049829483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.09200000017881393,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucocorticoids","display_name":"glucocorticoids","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adrenalectomy","display_name":"adrenalectomy","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adrenocortical-stress-response","display_name":"adrenocortical stress response","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrest","display_name":"cardiac arrest","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-injury","display_name":"brain injury","score":0.35100001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422549","display_name":"Glucocorticoid","level":2,"score":0.7642343044281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780087391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366774","display_name":"Adrenalectomy","level":2,"score":0.6144769191741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778794669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43054","display_name":"Neuron","level":2,"score":0.5218964219093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993714741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188151","display_name":"Ischemic injury","level":3,"score":0.519827663898468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48461470007896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.463385671377182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541997718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188151","display_name":"Ischemia","level":2,"score":0.45398443937301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.4328695237636566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3696576952934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.33701154589653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.22862133383750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000315","descriptor_name":"Adrenalectomy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002561","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003342","descriptor_name":"Corpus Striatum","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005938","descriptor_name":"Glucocorticoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006624","descriptor_name":"Hippocampus","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011919","descriptor_name":"Rats, Inbred Strains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.4035356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.4035356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.4035356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:4035356","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4035356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G938707742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NS 03346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1642124290","https://openalex.org/W1774751156","https://openalex.org/W1784804311","https://openalex.org/W1982892406","https://openalex.org/W1997369608","https://openalex.org/W2008015242","https://openalex.org/W2011812923","https://openalex.org/W2013833441","https://openalex.org/W2016967697","https://openalex.org/W2018439295","https://openalex.org/W2020622209","https://openalex.org/W2023826599","https://openalex.org/W2024773521","https://openalex.org/W2033948248","https://openalex.org/W2046177214","https://openalex.org/W2052426462","https://openalex.org/W2053234229","https://openalex.org/W2054250154","https://openalex.org/W2066168019","https://openalex.org/W2068392981","https://openalex.org/W2069438549","https://openalex.org/W2073993963","https://openalex.org/W2079584999","https://openalex.org/W2085277055","https://openalex.org/W2087986775","https://openalex.org/W2147692788","https://openalex.org/W4251857233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071471912","https://openalex.org/W2379973335","https://openalex.org/W2083795881","https://openalex.org/W107095516","https://openalex.org/W2127596344","https://openalex.org/W1985248294","https://openalex.org/W1634519075","https://openalex.org/W2144746205","https://openalex.org/W2008015242","https://openalex.org/W2047351833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sustained":[0],"exposure":[1,62],"to":[2,10,16,36,53,63],"glucocorticoids,":[3],"the":[4,32,91,98],"adrenocortical":[5,99],"stress":[6,100],"hormones,":[7],"is":[8,58,70],"toxic":[9],"neurons,":[11],"and":[12,69,78],"such":[13],"toxicity":[14],"appears":[15],"play":[17],"a":[18,38],"role":[19],"in":[20,55],"neuron":[21],"loss":[22],"during":[23],"aging.":[24],"Previous":[25],"work":[26],"has":[27],"shown":[28],"that":[29,50,96],"glucocorticoids":[30,68],"compromise":[31],"capacity":[33],"of":[34,40,67],"neurons":[35,54],"survive":[37],"variety":[39],"metabolic":[41],"insults.":[42],"This":[43],"report":[44],"extends":[45],"those":[46],"observations":[47],"by":[48,61,72],"showing":[49],"ischemic":[51,77,92],"injury":[52,81],"rat":[56],"brain":[57,80],"also":[59],"potentiated":[60],"high":[64],"physiological":[65],"titers":[66],"attenuated":[71],"adrenalectomy.":[73],"The":[74],"synergy":[75],"between":[76],"glucocorticoid":[79,86],"was":[82],"seen":[83],"even":[84],"when":[85],"levels":[87],"were":[88],"manipulated":[89],"after":[90],"insult.":[93],"Pharmacological":[94],"interventions":[95],"diminish":[97],"response":[101],"may":[102],"improve":[103],"neurological":[104],"outcome":[105],"from":[106],"stroke":[107],"or":[108],"cardiac":[109],"arrest.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}