{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005371025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011143","title":"Far-field beam quality evaluation of high-power unstable resonators TEA CO2 Laser","display_name":"Far-field beam quality evaluation of high-power unstable resonators TEA CO2 Laser","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005371025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011143","mag":"2005371025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2011143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110314188","display_name":"Ruhai Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768030","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Laser and Matter Interaction","ror":"https://ror.org/03jhgk465","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I4210151975","https://openalex.org/I4391768030"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruhai Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)","State Key Lab. of Laser Interaction with Matter (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Laser Interaction with Matter (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391768030"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100446696","display_name":"Ning Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-8765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-8765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kui Shi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kui Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bing Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49638833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8796","issue":null,"first_page":"879621","last_page":"879621"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14158","display_name":"Optical Systems and Laser Technology","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tea-co2-laser","display_name":"TEA CO2 laser","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unstable-resonator","display_name":"unstable resonator","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/far-field-beam-quality","display_name":"far-field beam quality","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction-limited-beam","display_name":"diffraction-limited beam","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-quality-factor","display_name":"beam quality factor","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-aberrations","display_name":"optical aberrations","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-distortion","display_name":"heat distortion","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared-imaging","display_name":"infrared imaging","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-system-design","display_name":"laser system design","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.9078695774078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6423104405403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115171683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6493038","display_name":"Laser beam quality","level":4,"score":0.637621283531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6270994544029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190269828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6856168","display_name":"Optical cavity","level":3,"score":0.5236284732818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5161572694778442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206493696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5704945","display_name":"Helical resonator","level":3,"score":0.5143976807594299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200649887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154544","display_name":"Laser power scaling","level":3,"score":0.5080897808074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.46261149644851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4592788517475128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3842217028141022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26127901673316956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984025587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser beams","level":3,"score":0.15071210265159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2011143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2316224572","https://openalex.org/W2387790486","https://openalex.org/W2372001917","https://openalex.org/W2313504869","https://openalex.org/W1991036380","https://openalex.org/W2245530733","https://openalex.org/W1975725227","https://openalex.org/W2018100602","https://openalex.org/W2044026010","https://openalex.org/W1862627147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"average":[1],"power":[2,60,133,210],"pulsed":[3,34],"TEA":[4,35,61,211],"CO2":[5,36,212],"lasers":[6],"have":[7,20],"many":[8],"important":[9,197],"applications,":[10,16],"such":[11],"as":[12],"laser":[13,89,213],"manufacturing,":[14],"military":[15],"but":[17],"there":[18],"rarely":[19],"reports":[21],"about":[22],"the":[23,29,46,50,55,74,91,100,122,126,137,158,165,176,181,186,202],"theoretical":[24,65,155],"and":[25,67,71,108,143,170,205],"experimental":[26],"studies":[27],"on":[28,45],"virtual":[30],"confocus":[31],"resonator":[32,52,57,88,102,148],"of":[33,49,58,77,145,157,188,192,208],"laser,":[37],"especially":[38],"its":[39],"far":[40,78],"field":[41,79],"optical":[42,110,166],"quality.":[43],"Based":[44],"real":[47,177],"date":[48],"unstable":[51,87,101,138,147,217],"modified":[53],"by":[54,180],"stable":[56,123],"high":[59,109,209],"CO2,":[62],"three":[63,154],"common":[64],"evaluations":[66],"analyzes":[68],"were":[69],"conducted":[70],"compared":[72],"with":[73,83,90,163,175,215],"measured":[75],"results":[76,97],"light":[80],"intensity":[81],"distribution":[82],"2":[84],"kW":[85],"designed":[86,146],"block":[92,128],"ratio":[93],"is":[94,116],"\u03b5=0.404.":[95],"The":[96,113,140,160,190],"show":[98],"that":[99],"can":[103,130],"obtain":[104],"near":[105],"diffraction":[106],"limitation":[107],"quality":[111],"beam.":[112],"\u03b2":[114],"factor":[115,129],"smaller":[117,127],"than":[118,121],"4":[119],"times":[120],"resonator.":[124,139],"Furthermore,":[125],"make":[131],"higher":[132],"in":[134,185],"bucket":[135],"for":[136,200],"comprehensive":[141],"prediction":[142],"evaluation":[144],"need":[149],"to":[150],"synthetically":[151],"use":[152],"these":[153],"methods":[156],"evaluations.":[159],"simulation":[161],"results,":[162],"considering":[164],"aberration,":[167],"heat":[168],"distortion":[169],"atmospheric":[171],"effect,":[172],"agree":[173],"well":[174],"recording":[178],"image":[179],"infrared":[182],"imaging":[183],"system":[184,214],"distance":[187],"300m.":[189],"research":[191],"this":[193],"paper":[194],"has":[195],"very":[196],"reference":[198],"value":[199],"evaluating":[201],"tactical":[203],"effectiveness":[204],"optimization":[206],"design":[207],"different":[216],"resonators.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
