{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005365598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","title":"Formulation and characterization of a ten-peptide single-vial vaccine EP-2101, designed to induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses for cancer immunotherapy","display_name":"Formulation and characterization of a ten-peptide single-vial vaccine EP-2101, designed to induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses for cancer immunotherapy","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005365598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","mag":"2005365598","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18382135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91403448","display_name":"Human Vaccines","issn_l":"1554-8600","issn":["1554-8600","1554-8619"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315740","host_organization_name":"Landes Bioscience","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315740"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Landes Bioscience"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Vaccines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073677839","display_name":"Melanie Beebe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melanie Beebe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc., San Diego, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc., San Diego, California, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062372677","display_name":"Mingsheng Qin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingsheng Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049520784","display_name":"Michael Moi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Moi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardinal Health ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardinal Health ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072012348","display_name":"Sharon Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardinal Health ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardinal Health ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001977739","display_name":"Hashem Heiati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashem Heiati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardinal Health ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardinal Health ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047976912","display_name":"Les Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Les Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088019995","display_name":"Mark J. Newman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0433-6690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0433-6690"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Newman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056430250","display_name":"John D. Fikes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Fikes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kalypsys, Inc. ; San Diego , California USA","Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kalypsys, Inc. ; San Diego , California USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111630865","display_name":"Glenn Y. Ishioka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Glenn Y. Ishioka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive ; Suite 100 ; San Diego , California 92121 USA;","Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive ; Suite 100 ; San Diego , California 92121 USA;","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmexa-Epimmune Inc. ; San Diego , California USA;","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4175,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63340405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"210","last_page":"218"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-vaccine","display_name":"peptide vaccine","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-immunotherapy","display_name":"cancer immunotherapy","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/montanide-isa-51","display_name":"Montanide ISA 51","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-in-oil-emulsions","display_name":"water-in-oil emulsions","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-associated-antigens","display_name":"tumor-associated antigens","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-formulation","display_name":"vaccine formulation","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-solubilization","display_name":"peptide solubilization","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-stability","display_name":"vaccine stability","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunogenicity","display_name":"immunogenicity","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colon-cancer","display_name":"colon cancer","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer","display_name":"lung cancer","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195616568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128711","display_name":"Epitope","level":3,"score":0.8077094554901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660197","display_name":"Immunogenicity","level":3,"score":0.659188985824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776789287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7166532","display_name":"Peptide vaccine","level":4,"score":0.6233871579170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.5919468998908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147969180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014579","display_name":"CTL*","level":4,"score":0.5825527310371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777863537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357896","display_name":"Adjuvant","level":2,"score":0.5251098275184631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.4403042793273926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.40952539443969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35565686225891113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3451188802719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.32583826780319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.19154688715934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.10255265235900879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.10190138220787048}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000276","descriptor_name":"Adjuvants, Immunologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002851","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004355","descriptor_name":"Drug Stability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007167","descriptor_name":"Immunotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008353","descriptor_name":"Mannitol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008353","descriptor_name":"Mannitol","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008822","descriptor_name":"Mice, Transgenic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009829","descriptor_name":"Oleic Acids","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013602","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015234","descriptor_name":"HLA-A Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015234","descriptor_name":"HLA-A Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015789","descriptor_name":"HLA-A2 Antigen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018984","descriptor_name":"Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018984","descriptor_name":"Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019496","descriptor_name":"Cancer Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019496","descriptor_name":"Cancer Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D022223","descriptor_name":"Vaccines, Subunit","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022223","descriptor_name":"Vaccines, Subunit","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91403448","display_name":"Human Vaccines","issn_l":"1554-8600","issn":["1554-8600","1554-8619"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315740","host_organization_name":"Landes Bioscience","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315740"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Landes Bioscience"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Vaccines","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18382135","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18382135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human vaccines","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.4161/hv.4.3.5291?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91403448","display_name":"Human Vaccines","issn_l":"1554-8600","issn":["1554-8600","1554-8619"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315740","host_organization_name":"Landes Bioscience","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315740"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Landes Bioscience"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Vaccines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005365598.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005365598.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2246406220","https://openalex.org/W2117333200","https://openalex.org/W2319449049","https://openalex.org/W2087458722","https://openalex.org/W2103159223","https://openalex.org/W2948246289","https://openalex.org/W2242712048","https://openalex.org/W2129644314","https://openalex.org/W1966612912","https://openalex.org/W1993250167"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effective":[0],"vaccines":[1],"that":[2],"mediate":[3],"clinical":[4,235],"responses":[5,202],"in":[6,46,161,180,196,209,237],"cancer":[7],"patients":[8,238],"may":[9],"require":[10],"generation":[11,90],"of":[12,39,52,84,91,102,123,139,177,190,220,224],"broadly":[13],"specific":[14],"cytotoxic":[15],"T":[16],"lymphocytes":[17],"(CTL)":[18],"directed":[19],"against":[20],"multiple":[21],"epitopes":[22,43,56,208],"and":[23,44,82,108,136,165,188,232],"tumor-associated":[24],"antigens":[25],"(TAA).":[26],"Pursuant":[27],"to":[28,115,144,155,206],"this":[29],"goal":[30],"we":[31,76],"developed":[32,143],"a":[33,92,117,146],"synthetic":[34,41],"peptide":[35,42,126,141],"vaccine,":[36],"EP-2101,":[37],"composed":[38],"10":[40],"formulated":[45],"Montanide":[47,133],"ISA":[48,134],"51":[49,135],"adjuvant.":[50],"Nine":[51],"the":[53,80,85,103,124,152,181,191],"HLA-A*0201-restricted":[54],"CTL":[55],"were":[57,105,113],"derived":[58],"from":[59],"five":[60],"well-characterized":[61],"TAA.":[62],"The":[63,99,174],"universal":[64],"HLA-DR":[65],"binding":[66],"epitope":[67],"PADRE":[68],"was":[69,142,184,194],"also":[70],"included":[71],"for":[72,169,218,228],"T-cell":[73,201],"help.":[74],"Herein":[75],"describe":[77],"studies":[78,112,150],"on":[79],"formulation":[81,130,193],"characterization":[83],"EP-2101":[86,125,210],"vaccine":[87,153,182,192,227],"which":[88,119],"supports":[89],"sterile":[93,121],"single-vial":[94],"emulsion":[95,154,183],"using":[96,186],"standardized":[97],"processes.":[98],"physicochemical":[100],"properties":[101],"peptides":[104,179],"highly":[106],"disparate":[107],"as":[109],"such,":[110],"solubilization":[111],"required":[114],"identify":[116],"process":[118,131,215],"supported":[120],"filtration":[122],"mix.":[127],"A":[128],"homogenization-based":[129],"with":[132,158,239],"0.5":[137],"mg/ml":[138],"each":[140],"generate":[145],"water-in-oil":[147],"emulsion.":[148],"Physical":[149],"indicated":[151],"be":[156,204],"stable,":[157],"little":[159],"change":[160],"visual":[162],"appearance,":[163],"viscosity":[164],"water":[166],"droplet":[167],"size":[168],"at":[170],"least":[171],"three":[172],"months.":[173],"physical":[175],"stability":[176],"individual":[178],"demonstrated":[185],"HPLC":[187],"immunogenicity":[189],"confirmed":[195],"HLA-A*0201/K(b)":[197],"transgenic":[198],"mice":[199],"where":[200],"could":[203],"induced":[205],"all":[207],"following":[211],"vaccination.":[212],"Our":[213],"study":[214],"is":[216],"scalable":[217],"production":[219],"approximately":[221],"1.5":[222],"liters":[223],"potent":[225],"experimental":[226],"preclinical":[229],"animal":[230],"toxicity":[231],"phase":[233],"1":[234],"testing":[236],"breast,":[240],"colon":[241],"or":[242],"lung":[243],"cancer.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}