{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005355840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","title":"Electron-concentration-dependent quantum-well luminescence: Evidence for a negatively charged exciton","display_name":"Electron-concentration-dependent quantum-well luminescence: Evidence for a negatively charged exciton","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005355840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","mag":"2005355840","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9977402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174675","display_name":"Physical review. B, Condensed matter","issn_l":"0163-1829","issn":["0163-1829","1095-3795"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review B","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004346202","display_name":"H. Buhmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-7263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-7263"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Buhmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007845568","display_name":"L. Mansouri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Mansouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106762839","display_name":"Jiannong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-6371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-6371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007769228","display_name":"Peter H. Beton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2120-8033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2120-8033"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. H. Beton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021361203","display_name":"Nobuya Mori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7568-5575","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7568-5575"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Mori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043981658","display_name":"L. Eaves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-0987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-0987"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Eaves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050765639","display_name":"Mohamed Henini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9414-8492","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9414-8492"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Henini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089123534","display_name":"M. Potemski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8881-6618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8881-6618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","display_name":"Max Planck Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhn8329","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088365","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research","ror":"https://ror.org/005bk2339","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210088365"]}],"countries":["DE","FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Potemski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bo\u00eete Postale 166, 38042 Grenoble, France","Hochfeld-Magnetlabor, Max Planck Institut f\u00fcr Festk\u00f6rperforschung,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bo\u00eete Postale 166, 38042 Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hochfeld-Magnetlabor, Max Planck Institut f\u00fcr Festk\u00f6rperforschung,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210088365"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5852,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":154,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9922375,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"12","first_page":"7969","last_page":"7972"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12612","display_name":"Strong Light-Matter Interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negatively-charged-excitons","display_name":"negatively charged excitons","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resonant-tunneling-diodes","display_name":"resonant tunneling diodes","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-concentration-dependence","display_name":"electron concentration dependence","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exciton-recombination","display_name":"exciton recombination","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field-dependence","display_name":"magnetic field dependence","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-dependence","display_name":"temperature dependence","score":0.9879999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17729963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858289","display_name":"Exciton","level":2,"score":0.8231667280197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120398109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175751","display_name":"Quantum tunnelling","level":2,"score":0.7594374418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.6281929016113281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5942661762237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31625292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215803","display_name":"Electroluminescence","level":3,"score":0.5676063895225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29169072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521166","display_name":"Quantum well","level":3,"score":0.5511245727539062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.548130989074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.5423901677131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165330911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1976324","display_name":"Biexciton","level":3,"score":0.47881466150283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148869448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184240","display_name":"Luminescence","level":2,"score":0.46334677934646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2684171199798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.10731461644172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.08292466402053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.06973513960838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174675","display_name":"Physical review. B, Condensed matter","issn_l":"0163-1829","issn":["0163-1829","1095-3795"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review B","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9977402","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9977402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review. B, Condensed matter","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-43540","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-43540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082883260"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973971988","https://openalex.org/W2072709859","https://openalex.org/W2090839013","https://openalex.org/W2046817933","https://openalex.org/W962638500","https://openalex.org/W1918788130","https://openalex.org/W2049796943","https://openalex.org/W1965585214","https://openalex.org/W4221068334","https://openalex.org/W2033572961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,13,79],"quantum-well":[1,48,87],"electroluminescence":[2],"of":[3,16,30,85],"p-i-n":[4],"GaAs/AlAs":[5],"double-barrier":[6],"resonant":[7],"tunneling":[8,24],"diodes":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11,90],"investigated.":[12],"bias-dependent":[14],"tunability":[15],"the":[17,31,38,42,47,86],"resonance":[18],"conditions":[19],"for":[20,26],"electron":[21,33,43],"and":[22,34,82],"hole":[23,35],"allows":[25],"a":[27,60,74],"continuous":[28],"change":[29],"relative":[32],"concentrations":[36],"in":[37,67],"quantum":[39],"well.":[40],"As":[41],"concentration":[44],"is":[45,57,71],"increased,":[46],"emission":[49,88],"line":[50,70],"due":[51],"to":[52,73,92],"heavy-hole":[53],"free":[54],"exciton":[55,77],"recombination":[56],"replaced":[58],"by":[59],"new":[61],"excitonic":[62],"line,":[63],"2":[64],"meV":[65],"lower":[66],"energy.":[68],"This":[69],"attributed":[72],"negatively":[75],"charged":[76],"${\\mathit{X}}^{\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{-}}}$.":[78],"magnetic":[80],"field":[81],"temperature":[83],"dependence":[84],"have":[89],"used":[91],"characterize":[93],"this":[94],"transition.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}