{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005343507","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","title":"Treatment of Myelopathy in Sj\u00f6gren Syndrome With a Combination of Prednisone and Cyclophosphamide","display_name":"Treatment of Myelopathy in Sj\u00f6gren Syndrome With a Combination of Prednisone and Cyclophosphamide","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005343507","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","mag":"2005343507","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11346378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230857","display_name":"Archives of Neurology","issn_l":"0003-9942","issn":["0003-9942","1538-3687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076258077","display_name":"Christopher S. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1541-579X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1541-579X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567722","display_name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/025m0q735","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2799567722","https://openalex.org/I2802362820","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4210119345"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher S. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, USA. christopher.williams@59MDW.WHMC.af.mil","Department of Neurology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, USA. christopher.williams@59MDW.WHMC.af.mil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Elizabeth Butler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Butler","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102930901","display_name":"Gustavo C. Rom\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-445X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-445X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo C. Rom\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076258077"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567722"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86911547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"5","first_page":"815","last_page":"815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11735","display_name":"Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transverse-myelopathy","display_name":"transverse myelopathy","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-neuropathy","display_name":"optic neuropathy","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prednisone","display_name":"prednisone","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclophosphamide","display_name":"cyclophosphamide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroid-therapy","display_name":"corticosteroid therapy","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorambucil","display_name":"chlorambucil","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis-differential-diagnosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis differential diagnosis","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-cord-lesions","display_name":"spinal cord lesions","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraglandular-manifestations","display_name":"extraglandular manifestations","score":0.7509999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9344787001609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778720950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424972","display_name":"Prednisone","level":2,"score":0.6686009764671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778233873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2879095","display_name":"Optic neuropathy","level":3,"score":0.6451716423034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777604421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303951","display_name":"Myelopathy","level":3,"score":0.6379165649414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776755627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408524","display_name":"Cyclophosphamide","level":3,"score":0.5991482734680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781137167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q611458","display_name":"Neuromyelitis optica","level":3,"score":0.50399249792099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777185649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202217","display_name":"Transverse myelitis","level":3,"score":0.44153428077697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776572573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q972514","display_name":"Optic neuritis","level":3,"score":0.43675294518470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779901536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q945238","display_name":"Peripheral neuropathy","level":3,"score":0.4155321717262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.4053023159503937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3843686282634735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9606","display_name":"Spinal cord","level":2,"score":0.2602255046367645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.2578866481781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780837183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186029","display_name":"Optic nerve","level":2,"score":0.2198963463306427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.1834237277507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.10575899481773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.10171830654144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.07811683416366577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000893","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003520","descriptor_name":"Cyclophosphamide","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007166","descriptor_name":"Immunosuppressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009188","descriptor_name":"Myelitis, Transverse","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009188","descriptor_name":"Myelitis, Transverse","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009188","descriptor_name":"Myelitis, Transverse","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009901","descriptor_name":"Optic Nerve Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011241","descriptor_name":"Prednisone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012859","descriptor_name":"Sjogren's Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.58.5.815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230857","display_name":"Archives of Neurology","issn_l":"0003-9942","issn":["0003-9942","1538-3687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11346378","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11346378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of neurology","raw_type":"Case Reports"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19908316","https://openalex.org/W66577322","https://openalex.org/W67609938","https://openalex.org/W74364878","https://openalex.org/W1908290626","https://openalex.org/W1975526922","https://openalex.org/W1993292282","https://openalex.org/W1993359159","https://openalex.org/W1995066568","https://openalex.org/W1996458747","https://openalex.org/W1997100711","https://openalex.org/W1998703130","https://openalex.org/W2016718956","https://openalex.org/W2053895414","https://openalex.org/W2064118095","https://openalex.org/W2075830500","https://openalex.org/W2105331461","https://openalex.org/W2144125065","https://openalex.org/W2157486592","https://openalex.org/W2466671374"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006865983","https://openalex.org/W2466671374","https://openalex.org/W84200960","https://openalex.org/W6902870890","https://openalex.org/W66577322","https://openalex.org/W1998703130","https://openalex.org/W2195168053","https://openalex.org/W2083149517","https://openalex.org/W2156311272","https://openalex.org/W72173757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Peripheral":[1],"neuropathy":[2,65,113],"is":[3],"a":[4,56,103,115,167,179,203],"common":[5],"complication":[6],"of":[7,32,58,106,138,141,169,175,182,192,200,205],"primary":[8,67,176],"Sj\u00f6gren":[9,71,160],"syndrome,":[10],"but":[11,198],"central":[12,68],"nervous":[13,69],"system":[14,70],"involvement":[15],"also":[16,28],"occurs":[17],"and":[18,37,74,81,91,114,148,171,184,207],"may":[19,27,195],"be":[20,29,196],"the":[21,44,49,82,127,139],"only":[22],"extraglandular":[23],"manifestation.":[24],"Sicca":[25],"symptoms":[26],"minimal.":[30],"Combinations":[31],"lesions":[33,125],"along":[34],"with":[35,62,102,111,166,189,202],"relapses":[36],"remissions":[38],"can":[39],"suggest":[40],"multiple":[41],"sclerosis":[42],"in":[43,66,126],"proper":[45],"clinical":[46,186],"setting,":[47],"making":[48],"correct":[50],"diagnosis":[51],"elusive.":[52],"OBJECTIVES:":[53],"To":[54],"report":[55,90],"case":[57],"progressive":[59,107],"transverse":[60],"myelopathy":[61],"previous":[63],"optic":[64,112],"syndrome":[72],"(CNS-SS),":[73],"to":[75,85,164],"review":[76],"17":[77],"previously":[78],"reported":[79],"cases":[80],"patient's":[83],"responses":[84],"various":[86],"therapies.":[87],"DESIGN:":[88],"Case":[89],"literature":[92],"review.":[93],"SETTING:":[94],"University":[95],"hospital.":[96],"PATIENT:":[97],"A":[98],"63-year-old":[99],"Hispanic":[100],"woman":[101],"10-month":[104],"history":[105],"spastic":[108],"paraparesis":[109],"associated":[110],"T10":[116],"sensory":[117],"level.":[118],"Magnetic":[119],"resonance":[120],"imaging":[121],"demonstrated":[122],"multifocal,":[123],"contrast-enhancing":[124],"spinal":[128],"cord.":[129],"The":[130],"patient":[131],"was":[132],"diagnosed":[133],"as":[134],"having":[135],"CNS-SS":[136,177],"because":[137],"presence":[140],"sicca":[142],"symptoms,":[143],"abnormal":[144],"serological":[145],"test":[146],"results,":[147,152],"salivary":[149],"gland":[150],"biopsy":[151],"which":[153],"fulfilled":[154],"San":[155],"Diego":[156],"criteria":[157],"for":[158],"\"definite\"":[159],"syndrome.":[161],"She":[162],"responded":[163],"treatment":[165,201],"combination":[168,204],"prednisone":[170],"cyclophosphamide.":[172],"CONCLUSIONS:":[173],"Diagnosis":[174],"requires":[178],"high":[180],"index":[181],"suspicion":[183],"specialized":[185],"testing.":[187],"Treatment":[188],"pulse":[190],"doses":[191],"corticosteroids":[193,206],"alone":[194],"suboptimal,":[197],"results":[199],"either":[208],"cyclophosphamide":[209],"or":[210],"chlorambucil":[211],"have":[212],"been":[213],"encouraging.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
