{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005322129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.34.3.215","title":"Psychiatric Services in Rural Areas: A Sociological Overview","display_name":"Psychiatric Services in Rural Areas: A Sociological Overview","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005322129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.34.3.215","mag":"2005322129","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6832723"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1176/ps.34.3.215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.34.3.215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.34.3.215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171176648","display_name":"Psychiatric Services","issn_l":"0022-1597","issn":["0022-1597","1075-2730","1557-9700"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316602","host_organization_name":"American Psychiatric Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychiatric Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Services","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002958641","display_name":"Leona L. Bachrach","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leona L. Bachrach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore; 11001 Wickshire Way, Rockville, Maryland 20852"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore; 11001 Wickshire Way, Rockville, Maryland 20852","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002958641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.523,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95219365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3","first_page":"215","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.8202999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.8202999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13944","display_name":"Psychiatric care and mental health services","score":0.13210000097751617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12666","display_name":"Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-mental-health-services","display_name":"rural mental health services","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-communities","display_name":"rural communities","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-factors","display_name":"socioeconomic factors","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-change","display_name":"demographic change","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-attitudes","display_name":"social attitudes","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-to-change","display_name":"resistance to change","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-service-needs","display_name":"mental health service needs","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-america","display_name":"rural America","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.7227814197540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201610","display_name":"Status quo","level":2,"score":0.6696070432662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.6289530396461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68595000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274177","display_name":"Service delivery framework","level":3,"score":0.4948689341545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4801451861858368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.47677165269851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.47218242287635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.4145134389400482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40028682351112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.34824177622795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.26598477363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25728240609169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2367224395275116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.15617573261260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.09915056824684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.07649868726730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.074567049741745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003156","descriptor_name":"Community Mental Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006301","descriptor_name":"Health Services Needs and Demand","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010342","descriptor_name":"Patient Acceptance of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012423","descriptor_name":"Rural Health","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1176/ps.34.3.215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.34.3.215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.34.3.215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171176648","display_name":"Psychiatric Services","issn_l":"0022-1597","issn":["0022-1597","1075-2730","1557-9700"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316602","host_organization_name":"American Psychiatric Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychiatric Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Services","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:6832723","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6832723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hospital & community psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.470.6574","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.470.6574","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/data/Journals/PSS/3215/215.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W601544259","https://openalex.org/W653570553","https://openalex.org/W1008249279","https://openalex.org/W1482510886","https://openalex.org/W1495538353","https://openalex.org/W1549804131","https://openalex.org/W1559917175","https://openalex.org/W1607706940","https://openalex.org/W1966669629","https://openalex.org/W1971004617","https://openalex.org/W1972455958","https://openalex.org/W1997175540","https://openalex.org/W1998711459","https://openalex.org/W2010765265","https://openalex.org/W2013912464","https://openalex.org/W2015752391","https://openalex.org/W2020225931","https://openalex.org/W2025271526","https://openalex.org/W2028447356","https://openalex.org/W2030102482","https://openalex.org/W2036233756","https://openalex.org/W2041342189","https://openalex.org/W2042419145","https://openalex.org/W2052557015","https://openalex.org/W2056554914","https://openalex.org/W2057043748","https://openalex.org/W2063063000","https://openalex.org/W2072219479","https://openalex.org/W2086589725","https://openalex.org/W2093639893","https://openalex.org/W2110364207","https://openalex.org/W2119327029","https://openalex.org/W2126093260","https://openalex.org/W2130386313","https://openalex.org/W2137081117","https://openalex.org/W2159635094","https://openalex.org/W2271422516","https://openalex.org/W2288926081","https://openalex.org/W2327415224","https://openalex.org/W2327607935","https://openalex.org/W2329809652","https://openalex.org/W2412742251","https://openalex.org/W2426394064","https://openalex.org/W2588466627","https://openalex.org/W2802662077","https://openalex.org/W2912343433","https://openalex.org/W3016465405","https://openalex.org/W4300029220","https://openalex.org/W4403868128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2467196894","https://openalex.org/W3214253323","https://openalex.org/W2408375950","https://openalex.org/W2071097154","https://openalex.org/W2556099507","https://openalex.org/W2142348497","https://openalex.org/W50318271","https://openalex.org/W2801016463","https://openalex.org/W2417855262","https://openalex.org/W1965892139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"sociological":[1],"review":[2],"of":[3,9,71],"the":[4,7,28,53,83],"literature":[5],"analyzes":[6],"delivery":[8],"psychiatric":[10,29,74,84],"services":[11],"in":[12,27,87],"rural":[13,88],"America.":[14],"Nonsocial,":[15],"demographic,":[16],"socioeconomic,":[17],"interpersonal,":[18],"and":[19,40,48,63,78],"ideological":[20],"influences":[21],"are":[22,79],"considered.":[23],"Factors":[24],"encouraging":[25],"change":[26],"service":[30,75,85],"system":[31,86],"(for":[32,56],"example,":[33,57],"shifting":[34],"demographic":[35],"realities,":[36],"new":[37],"environmental":[38],"stimuli,":[39],"progressive":[41],"attitudes":[42],"toward":[43],"social":[44],"reform)":[45],"contrast":[46],"with,":[47],"vie":[49],"against,":[50],"factors":[51],"favoring":[52],"status":[54],"quo":[55],"conservative":[58],"attitudes,":[59],"resistances":[60],"to":[61],"change,":[62],"limited":[64],"resources).":[65],"It":[66],"is":[67],"against":[68],"this":[69],"backdrop":[70],"instability":[72],"that":[73],"needs":[76],"develop":[77],"acknowledged--or":[80],"effectively":[81],"ignored--by":[82],"communities.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
