{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005305431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","title":"Design elements to improve pleasantness, vitality, safety, and complexity of the pedestrian environment: evidence from a Korean neighbourhood walkability case study","display_name":"Design elements to improve pleasantness, vitality, safety, and complexity of the pedestrian environment: evidence from a Korean neighbourhood walkability case study","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005305431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","mag":"2005305431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764671211","display_name":"International Journal of Urban Sciences","issn_l":"1226-5934","issn":["1226-5934","2161-6779"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","kci-registered","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Urban Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100769414","display_name":"Sohyun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6009-1002","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6009-1002","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-679X","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7103-678X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"So-Hyun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","Department of Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039844226","display_name":"Jun\u2010Hyung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2231-5209","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2231-5209"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89440247","display_name":"Myongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s9dpb54","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89440247"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun-Hyung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Real Estate, Myongji University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Real Estate, Myongji University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89440247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054383758","display_name":"Yeemyung Choi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yee-Myung Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program of Urban Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Urban Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078886915","display_name":"Hanlim Seo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han-Lim Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program of Urban Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Urban Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039844226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89440247"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.474,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95306149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"142","last_page":"160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walkability","display_name":"walkability","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-environment","display_name":"pedestrian environment","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pleasantness","display_name":"pleasantness","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitality","display_name":"vitality","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-safety","display_name":"pedestrian safety","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-complexity","display_name":"environmental complexity","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/street-furniture","display_name":"urban furniture","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-design","display_name":"building design","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residential-neighbourhoods","display_name":"residential neighbourhoods","score":0.8320000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780814631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2822691","display_name":"Walkability","level":3,"score":0.8700665831565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161677786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2478475","display_name":"Neighbourhood (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6523290276527405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.6441413760185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936872","display_name":"Vitality","level":2,"score":0.5893985629081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121193887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431117","display_name":"Schema crosswalk","level":3,"score":0.5820589065551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5772998929023743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.5656150579452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205300905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63100","display_name":"Urban design","level":3,"score":0.5059096217155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4885066747665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.4655486047267914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.4541465938091278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.42470884323120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.31248414516448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2821708917617798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.16012334823608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.15474575757980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09413111209869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764671211","display_name":"International Journal of Urban Sciences","issn_l":"1226-5934","issn":["1226-5934","2161-6779"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","kci-registered","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Urban Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:rjusxx:v:17:y:2013:i:1:p:142-160","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/12265934.2013.776283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92216486","https://openalex.org/W1511760913","https://openalex.org/W1874995006","https://openalex.org/W1910501497","https://openalex.org/W1974676486","https://openalex.org/W1987233492","https://openalex.org/W1997772049","https://openalex.org/W1999329277","https://openalex.org/W2008404986","https://openalex.org/W2014369283","https://openalex.org/W2021074582","https://openalex.org/W2032056104","https://openalex.org/W2048400826","https://openalex.org/W2063952359","https://openalex.org/W2087264368","https://openalex.org/W2119616510","https://openalex.org/W2140013868","https://openalex.org/W2146365464","https://openalex.org/W2148161863","https://openalex.org/W2152764641","https://openalex.org/W2157294334","https://openalex.org/W2158660367","https://openalex.org/W4229665788","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592945685","https://openalex.org/W1910501497","https://openalex.org/W1984042903","https://openalex.org/W4287878183","https://openalex.org/W2504856714","https://openalex.org/W235778213","https://openalex.org/W2285945348","https://openalex.org/W7096970061","https://openalex.org/W2032056104","https://openalex.org/W4224257699"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,152,191,224],"relationship":[1,53],"between":[2,54],"walking":[3,25,55,150,175],"and":[4,56,111,146,148,209,213,222,228,236],"the":[5,10,49,52,57,76,92,125,157,165,180,234,242],"built":[6,58],"environment":[7,23,59],"has":[8],"attracted":[9],"attention":[11],"of":[12,79,94,107,182,220,226,244],"many":[13,43],"researchers.":[14],"It":[15],"is":[16,60,83,195,230],"commonly":[17],"recognized":[18],"that":[19,33,51,156,174,196,241],"a":[20,61,72,121,188,204,217],"more":[21,256],"walkable":[22,257],"enhances":[24],"activities.":[26],"Although":[27],"numerous":[28],"empirical":[29],"studies":[30],"have":[31,37,44],"supported":[32],"certain":[34,104,205],"design":[35,88,105,129,145,158,198],"elements":[36,106],"statistically":[38,161],"significant":[39,162],"effects":[40,163],"on":[41,164],"walking,":[42,80],"methodological":[45],"limitations":[46],"due":[47],"to":[48,202,249],"assumption":[50],"one-to-one,":[62],"direct":[63],"correspondence.":[64],"To":[65],"supplement":[66],"these":[67],"limitations,":[68],"this":[69,101,171,245],"paper":[70,102,246],"embraces":[71],"\u2018perception\u2019":[73],"step":[74],"in":[75,113,117,253],"decision-making":[77],"process":[78],"where":[81],"perception":[82,167,206],"not":[84],"determined":[85],"by":[86,91,179],"one":[87],"element,":[89],"but":[90],"integration":[93],"several":[95,183],"elements.":[96],"Acknowledging":[97],"four":[98,118,166],"perceptional":[99],"factors,":[100,168],"draws":[103],"\u2018pleasantness\u2019,":[108],"\u2018vitality\u2019,":[109],"\u2018unsafety\u2019,":[110],"\u2018complexity\u2019":[112],"residential":[114],"neighbourhoods.":[115,258],"Residents":[116],"neighbourhoods":[119],"completed":[120],"questionnaire,":[122],"from":[123,233],"which":[124,169],"following":[126],"five":[127],"additional":[128],"factors":[130,159,199],"were":[131],"extracted":[132],"using":[133],"factor":[134],"analysis:":[135],"sidewalk":[136,235],"difficulty,":[137,139],"crosswalk":[138,237],"well-ordered":[140],"street":[141,211,214],"furniture,":[142],"poor":[143],"building":[144],"management,":[147],"various":[149],"destinations.":[151],"regression":[153],"analysis":[154],"indicated":[155],"had":[160],"substantiated":[170],"paper's":[172],"hypothesis":[173],"activities":[176],"are":[177,200],"generated":[178],"combination":[181],"environmental":[184],"elements,":[185],"rather":[186],"than":[187],"single":[189],"attribute.":[190],"key":[192],"study":[193],"finding":[194],"appropriate":[197],"necessary":[201],"enhance":[203],"factor:":[207],"designing":[208],"managing":[210],"furniture":[212],"buildings":[215],"induce":[216],"high":[218],"level":[219],"pleasantness":[221],"vitality.":[223],"feeling":[225],"unsafety":[227],"complexity":[229],"mainly":[231],"driven":[232],"difficulty.":[238],"We":[239],"expect":[240],"results":[243],"will":[247],"contribute":[248],"formulating":[250],"future":[251],"guidelines":[252],"planning":[254],"for":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}