{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005265948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2817779","title":"Rarefaction and Compressibility Effects in Gas Microflows","display_name":"Rarefaction and Compressibility Effects in Gas Microflows","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005265948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2817779","mag":"2005265948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1115/1.2817779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2817779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2817779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14419372","display_name":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","issn_l":"0098-2202","issn":["0098-2202","1528-901X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316053","host_organization_name":"ASM International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ASM International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003182917","display_name":"Ali Be\u015fk\u00f6k","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8838-5683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8838-5683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Beskok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Fluid Mechanics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Fluid Mechanics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009658255","display_name":"George Em Karniadakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-7120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-7120"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Em Karniadakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Fluid Mechanics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Fluid Mechanics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035180660","display_name":"William Stuart Newberry Trimmer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Trimmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Belle Mead Research, Inc., Belle Mead, NJ 08502"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Belle Mead Research, Inc., Belle Mead, NJ 08502","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.8953,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":375,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99246259,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"118","issue":"3","first_page":"448","last_page":"456"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11012","display_name":"Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11012","display_name":"Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13951","display_name":"Fluid dynamics and aerodynamics studies","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rarefaction-effects","display_name":"rarefaction effects","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressibility-effects","display_name":"compressibility effects","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slip-flow","display_name":"slip flow","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slip-boundary-conditions","display_name":"slip boundary conditions","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-stability","display_name":"numerical stability","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microchannel-flow","display_name":"microchannel flow","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscous-dissipation","display_name":"viscous dissipation","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mems","display_name":"MEMS","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark-testing","display_name":"benchmark tests","score":0.6200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84655787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8067817","display_name":"Compressibility","level":2,"score":0.8001142740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121838276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898463","display_name":"Knudsen number","level":2,"score":0.719071626663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.7100048661231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195268267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928883","display_name":"Slip (aerodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5859130620956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182310444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332643","display_name":"Boundary value problem","level":2,"score":0.47873660922050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.383415162563324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3819836378097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.19504186511039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1115/1.2817779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2817779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2817779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14419372","display_name":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","issn_l":"0098-2202","issn":["0098-2202","1528-901X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316053","host_organization_name":"ASM International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ASM International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577004080","https://openalex.org/W1947237194","https://openalex.org/W1992410539","https://openalex.org/W2007128044","https://openalex.org/W2009951639","https://openalex.org/W2019014472","https://openalex.org/W2024251977","https://openalex.org/W2038903056","https://openalex.org/W2051338499","https://openalex.org/W2061434100","https://openalex.org/W2075859214","https://openalex.org/W2086025153","https://openalex.org/W2127989919","https://openalex.org/W2135817898","https://openalex.org/W2136485803","https://openalex.org/W2155241578","https://openalex.org/W2475097972","https://openalex.org/W2487956919","https://openalex.org/W4243836425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988488201","https://openalex.org/W94581989","https://openalex.org/W2085059771","https://openalex.org/W2063357437","https://openalex.org/W2048948096","https://openalex.org/W2066334248","https://openalex.org/W2791055764","https://openalex.org/W3190024096","https://openalex.org/W2094838672","https://openalex.org/W4287664812"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gas":[0],"microflows":[1,56],"are":[2,126,160,164],"encountered":[3],"in":[4,26,57,97,134,151,154,186,188,201,210],"many":[5],"applications":[6],"of":[7,32,36,139,147,173,215],"Micro-Electro-Mechanical":[8],"Systems":[9],"(MEMS).":[10],"Computational":[11],"modeling":[12],"and":[13,23,49,149,162,183,197],"simulation":[14,158],"can":[15,103],"provide":[16,108,191],"an":[17],"effective":[18],"predictive":[19],"capability":[20],"for":[21,53,61,118,129],"heat":[22],"momentum":[24],"transfer":[25],"microscales":[27,187],"as":[28,30,203,205],"well":[29,204],"means":[31],"evaluating":[33],"the":[34,58,63,75,85,130,140,144,194,198],"performance":[35],"a":[37,50,90,115],"new":[38],"microdevice":[39],"before":[40],"hardware":[41],"fabrication.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44,211],"article,":[45],"we":[46,95],"present":[47],"models":[48,196],"computational":[51],"methodology":[52],"simulating":[54],"gas":[55],"slip-flow":[59,199],"regime":[60],"which":[62,125],"Knudsen":[64],"number":[65],"is":[66,72,142,176],"less":[67],"than":[68],"0.3.":[69],"The":[70,137],"formulation":[71,117],"based":[73],"on":[74,143],"classical":[76],"Maxwell/Smoluchowski":[77],"boundary":[78,93],"conditions":[79],"that":[80,101],"allow":[81],"partial":[82],"slip":[83,92],"at":[84],"wall.":[86],"We":[87,112],"first":[88],"modify":[89],"high-order":[91],"condition":[94],"developed":[96],"previous":[98,116],"work":[99],"so":[100],"it":[102],"be":[104],"easily":[105],"implemented":[106],"to":[107,121,178,190,193,206],"enhanced":[109],"numerical":[110,195],"stability.":[111],"also":[113],"extend":[114],"incompressible":[119],"flows":[120,153],"include":[122],"compressibility":[123,148],"effects":[124,146],"primarily":[127],"responsible":[128],"nonlinear":[131],"pressure":[132],"distribution":[133],"micro-channel":[135],"flows.":[136],"focus":[138],"paper":[141],"competing":[145],"rarefaction":[150,182],"internal":[152],"long":[155],"channels.":[156],"Several":[157],"results":[159],"presented":[161],"comparisons":[163],"provided":[165],"with":[166],"available":[167],"experimental":[168],"data.":[169],"A":[170],"specific":[171],"set":[172],"benchmark":[174],"experiments":[175],"proposed":[177],"systematically":[179],"study":[180],"compressibility,":[181],"viscous":[184],"heating":[185],"order":[189],"validation":[192],"theory":[200],"general":[202],"establish":[207],"absolute":[208],"standards":[209],"relatively":[212],"young":[213],"field":[214],"fluid":[216],"mechanics.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}