{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005198702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","title":"Impact of signal-to-noise on functional MRI of the human amygdala","display_name":"Impact of signal-to-noise on functional MRI of the human amygdala","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005198702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","mag":"2005198702","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11733691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121278948","display_name":"Neuroreport","issn_l":"0959-4965","issn":["0959-4965","1473-558X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroreport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072414238","display_name":"Kevin S. LaBar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-5417","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-5417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin S. LaBar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90999 B203 Levine Science Research Center, Durham, NC 27708-0999, USA","Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90999 B203 Levine Science Research Center, Durham, NC 27708-0999","Departments of","Neurology and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90999 B203 Levine Science Research Center, Durham, NC 27708-0999, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90999 B203 Levine Science Research Center, Durham, NC 27708-0999","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015939505","display_name":"Darren R. Gitelman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-5605","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-5605"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darren R. Gitelman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology and","Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology and","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017437213","display_name":"Marsel M. Mesulam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-851X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-851X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.-Marsel Mesulam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076169239","display_name":"Todd B. Parrish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-1572","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-1572"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd B. Parrish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3141,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9554556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"16","first_page":"3461","last_page":"3464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.010700000450015068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amygdala","display_name":"amygdala","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemispheric-asymmetry","display_name":"hemispheric lateralization","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limbic-forebrain","display_name":"limbic forebrain","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-forebrain","display_name":"basal forebrain","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbitofrontal-cortex","display_name":"orbitofrontal cortex","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-rate","display_name":"false positive rate","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"statistical power","score":0.49799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779144063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338924","display_name":"Amygdala","level":2,"score":0.7861473560333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776287375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407681","display_name":"Basal forebrain","level":3,"score":0.6636640429496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776559556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18717","display_name":"Orbitofrontal cortex","level":4,"score":0.6629477739334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5856969356536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5434513092041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779226451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903809","display_name":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5421773195266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4616026282310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50231774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639842","display_name":"Brain mapping","level":2,"score":0.43922582268714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4273967146873474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778187257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464210","display_name":"Basal ganglia","level":3,"score":0.42721936106681824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779715522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507027","display_name":"Forebrain","level":3,"score":0.4156688451766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16517451405525208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.15840330719947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14726510643959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.13556689023971558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18680","display_name":"Prefrontal cortex","level":3,"score":0.12188169360160828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000679","descriptor_name":"Amygdala","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200111160-00017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121278948","display_name":"Neuroreport","issn_l":"0959-4965","issn":["0959-4965","1473-558X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroreport","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11733691","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11733691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroreport","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G375543004","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NS3086303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6683646913","display_name":"Neurology of Attention and Neglect-A Network Approach","funder_award_id":"R01NS030863","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534588839","https://openalex.org/W1555297499","https://openalex.org/W1995446935","https://openalex.org/W2036872212","https://openalex.org/W2037858428","https://openalex.org/W2044071327","https://openalex.org/W2047013556","https://openalex.org/W2101374770","https://openalex.org/W2140577010","https://openalex.org/W2149762661","https://openalex.org/W2164058388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101374770","https://openalex.org/W2131544579","https://openalex.org/W2478202230","https://openalex.org/W7212298115","https://openalex.org/W7111864825","https://openalex.org/W2036181598","https://openalex.org/W2088281209","https://openalex.org/W2273284117","https://openalex.org/W1965517260","https://openalex.org/W2889919947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,17,50],"impact":[1],"of":[2,7,57,78,81,129],"signal-to-noise":[3],"(SNR)":[4],"on":[5],"fMRI":[6,134],"the":[8,47,54,58,102,109,118,127,137],"amygdala":[9,59],"was":[10,25,114],"investigated":[11],"during":[12],"a":[13,65,72,76,93],"picture":[14],"encoding":[15],"task.":[16],"SNR":[18,44,62,90,113,131],"value":[19],"required":[20],"to":[21,38,45,63],"observe":[22],"reliable":[23],"activation":[24,85,110],"determined":[26],"by":[27],"computer":[28],"simulations.":[29],"Blood":[30],"oxygen":[31],"level-dependent":[32],"(BOLD)":[33],"sensitivity":[34,104],"maps":[35,105],"were":[36],"generated":[37],"indicate":[39],"brain":[40],"regions":[41,87],"with":[42,88],"sufficient":[43],"test":[46],"statistical":[48],"hypotheses.":[49],"results":[51,135],"showed":[52,84],"that":[53],"medial":[55],"aspect":[56],"had":[60],"insufficient":[61],"detect":[64],"1%":[66],"peak":[67],"BOLD":[68,103],"signal":[69],"change":[70],"for":[71],"t-test":[73],"comparison":[74],"in":[75,86,101,108,117,136],"majority":[77],"subjects.":[79],"None":[80],"these":[82],"subjects":[83],"unacceptable":[89],"values,":[91],"indicating":[92],"low":[94],"false":[95],"positive":[96],"rate.":[97],"Furthermore,":[98],"hemispheric":[99],"asymmetries":[100,107],"mirrored":[106],"patterns.":[111],"Impoverished":[112],"also":[115],"found":[116],"basal":[119],"forebrain":[120],"and":[121],"orbitofrontal":[122],"cortex.":[123],"These":[124],"findings":[125],"emphasize":[126],"importance":[128],"considering":[130],"when":[132],"interpreting":[133],"limbic":[138],"forebrain.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
