{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005194149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","title":"Diluters for Bovine Semen. I. Fertility and Motility of Bovine Spermatozoa in Boiled Milk","display_name":"Diluters for Bovine Semen. I. Fertility and Motility of Bovine Spermatozoa in Boiled Milk","publication_year":1953,"publication_date":"1953-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005194149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","mag":"2005194149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2005194149"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D.L. Thacker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.L. Thacker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dairy Cattle Breeding Research Center, Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station, State College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dairy Cattle Breeding Research Center, Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station, State College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062364198","display_name":"J.O. Almquist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4745-9332","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4745-9332"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.O. Almquist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dairy Cattle Breeding Research Center , Pen~sytva","Dairy Cattle Breeding Research Center,","Pen~sytva:tia Agric~dt~lral Experiment Station, State CoIleae"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dairy Cattle Breeding Research Center , Pen~sytva","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dairy Cattle Breeding Research Center,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pen~sytva:tia Agric~dt~lral Experiment Station, State CoIleae","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.3207,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99566631,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"2","first_page":"173","last_page":"180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10584","display_name":"Reproductive Physiology in Livestock","score":0.013500000350177288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12929","display_name":"Animal Genetics and Reproduction","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bovine-spermatozoa","display_name":"bovine spermatozoa","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-motility","display_name":"sperm motility","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertilizing-capacity","display_name":"sperm fertility","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-survival","display_name":"sperm survival","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-insemination","display_name":"artificial insemination","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semen-storage","display_name":"semen storage","score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogenized-milk","display_name":"homogenized milk","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilution-rate","display_name":"dilution rate","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109097599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58148","display_name":"Pasteurization","level":2,"score":0.7027972340583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778093475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9715","display_name":"Semen","level":2,"score":0.6285218596458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189977493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2352187","display_name":"Skimmed milk","level":2,"score":0.5602754354476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58207958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33596","display_name":"Motility","level":2,"score":0.5393476486206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27116486","display_name":"Sperm motility","level":3,"score":0.49796509742736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.4785090982913971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.4396672248840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.43742191791534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.4312548041343689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4291412830352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16685009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057","display_name":"Andrology","level":1,"score":0.396991491317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18797042965888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.11876943707466125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91474-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.7142999768257141}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005194149.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005194149.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963623449","https://openalex.org/W1997961684","https://openalex.org/W2046249532","https://openalex.org/W2048748637","https://openalex.org/W2321102240","https://openalex.org/W2563127283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039744045","https://openalex.org/W1418462653","https://openalex.org/W2031766327","https://openalex.org/W2163580680","https://openalex.org/W1510189938","https://openalex.org/W2013994192","https://openalex.org/W2009860507","https://openalex.org/W2035988710","https://openalex.org/W2148705345","https://openalex.org/W2118750825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"tia":[0],"Agric~dt~lral":[1],"Experiment":[2],"Station,":[3],"State":[4],"CoIleaeAlthough":[5],"much":[6],"attention":[7],"has":[8,249],"been":[9,151,171,216],"given":[10],"to":[11,60,86,165,301,347],"the":[12,18,21,35,48,74,98,110,210,243,251,286,289,303,341],"improvement":[13],"of":[14,50,73,113,161,194,201,245,254,288,307,343],"semen":[15,85,87,123,147,164,260,346],"diluters":[16,99,248,275],"during":[17],"past":[19],"decade,":[20],"egg":[22,93,246],"yolk-buffer":[23],"diluter":[24,144,236,290,329,350],"developed":[25],"by":[26,177],"Phillips":[27],"and":[28,57,95,154,179,187,239,264,282,294,305,325],"Lardy":[29],"(5)":[30],"in":[31,42,53,127,209,285,310],"1940":[32],"still":[33],"provides":[34],"basic":[36],"medium":[37],"for":[38,65,121,145,197,270,330,358],"diluting":[39,119],"bull":[40,51,122,146,195,255,308,331],"spermatozoa":[41,52,75,196,256,309,354],"routine":[43],"artificial":[44],"breeding":[45],"operations.They":[46],"tested":[47],"livability":[49,304],"evaporated":[54],"milk":[55,91,116,134,169,186,222],"also":[56],"were":[58,76],"able":[59],"obtain":[61],"fair":[62],"motility":[63,193,204],"survival":[64,205],"48":[66],"hours,":[67],"but":[68],"after":[69,148],"72":[70],"hours":[71],"all":[72],"immotile.In":[77],"1942":[78],"Underbjerg":[79],"et":[80],"al.":[81],"(7)":[82],"compared":[83],"undiluted":[84],"diluted":[88,259,339],"with":[89,234,266],"autoclaved":[90],"or":[92],"yolk-phosphate":[94],"concluded":[96],"that":[97,131,157,183,258,352],"had":[100,150,170,214],"little":[101],"beneficial":[102],"effect":[103],"on":[104],"fertility.The":[105],"first":[106],"promising":[107],"report":[108,176],"concerning":[109],"possible":[111,318],"use":[112,244],"boiled":[114,168,184,188,220,311],"cow's":[115],"as":[117,142],"a":[118,136,143,158,198,319],"fluid":[120],"came":[124],"from":[125,135],"Czechoslovakia":[126],"]950.Michajilov":[128],"(3)":[129],"suggested":[130],"fresh,":[132],"clean":[133],"healthy":[137],"cow":[138],"might":[139],"be":[140,262],"used":[141,172,265],"it":[149],"boiled,":[152],"filtered,":[153],"cooled.He":[155],"stated":[156],"dilution":[159],"rate":[160,342],"one":[162,344],"part":[163,345],"25":[166],"parts":[167,349],"successfully.The":[173],"recent":[174],"favorable":[175],"Thacker":[178],"Almquist":[180],"(6)":[181],"showed":[182,351],"homogenized":[185,221],"pasteurized":[189],"skimmilk":[190],"would":[191,316],"support":[192],"satisfactory":[199],"period":[200],"time,":[202],"although":[203],"was":[206,299],"very":[207],"poor":[208],"same":[211],"milks":[212],"which":[213],"not":[215],"boiled.Field":[217],"trials":[218],"using":[219],"containing":[223,237],"no":[224],"antibiotics":[225],"gave":[226],"fertility":[227,268,306],"results":[228,269],"slightly":[229],"higher":[230],"than":[231],"those":[232],"obtained":[233],"yolk-citrate":[235],"penicillin":[238],"streptomycin":[240],"(1,":[241],"2).Although":[242],"yolk":[247],"increased":[250],"life":[252],"span":[253],"so":[257],"can":[261],"stored":[263],"good":[267],"several":[271,277],"days,":[272],"nevertheless":[273],"these":[274],"have":[276],"limitations.Eggs":[278],"are":[279],"rather":[280],"expensive":[281],"their":[283],"handling":[284],"preparation":[287],"is":[291],"both":[292],"laborious":[293],"time-consuming.The":[295],"investigation":[296],"reported":[297],"herein":[298],"initiated":[300],"study":[302,335],"milks.Favorable":[312],"results,":[313],"if":[314],"obtained,":[315],"make":[317],"more":[320,322,327],"economical,":[321],"easily":[323],"prepared,":[324],"thus":[326],"practical":[328],"semen.":[332],"EXPERIMENTALA":[333],"preliminary":[334],"involving":[336],"11":[337],"ejaculates":[338],"at":[340],"50":[348],"bovine":[353],"could":[355],"maintain":[356],"Received":[357],"publication":[359],"Sept.":[360]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
