{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005170203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","title":"Effective Reading Instruction for Struggling Readers: The Role of Direct/Explicit Teaching","display_name":"Effective Reading Instruction for Struggling Readers: The Role of Direct/Explicit Teaching","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005170203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","mag":"2005170203"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10573560802683523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10573560802683523?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4460436","display_name":"Reading & Writing Quarterly","issn_l":"1057-3569","issn":["1057-3569","1521-0693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reading &amp; Writing Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10573560802683523?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055595216","display_name":"William H. Rupley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0994-0344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0994-0344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William H. Rupley","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Texas A&amp;M University , College Station, Texas, USA","Texas A&amp;M University , College Station, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Texas A&amp;M University , College Station, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&amp;M University , College Station, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073598761","display_name":"Timothy R. Blair","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy R. Blair","raw_affiliation_strings":["b University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA","[University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110204883","display_name":"William Dee Nichols","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103406327","display_name":"Western Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/010h78f45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103406327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William D. Nichols","raw_affiliation_strings":["c Western Carolina University , Cullowhee, North Carolina, USA","Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c Western Carolina University , Cullowhee, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103406327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103406327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055595216"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.4209,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":246,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99213584,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2-3","first_page":"125","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/struggling-readers","display_name":"struggling readers","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-instruction","display_name":"direct instruction","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explicit-instruction","display_name":"explicit instruction","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-instruction","display_name":"reading instruction","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonemic-awareness","display_name":"phonemic awareness","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonics","display_name":"phonics","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-fluency","display_name":"reading fluency","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary-teaching","display_name":"vocabulary teaching","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"reading comprehension","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-modeling","display_name":"teacher modeling","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guided-practice","display_name":"guided practice","score":0.9940000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777603413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364762","display_name":"Phonics","level":3,"score":0.7166616916656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276013","display_name":"Fluency","level":2,"score":0.6744197607040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6568820476531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.6476783156394958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6083995699882507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.568114697933197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.5657952427864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781246517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187200","display_name":"Phonemic awareness","level":3,"score":0.5483997464179993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.5186452269554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4358510971069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.43021726608276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3675673007965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2383905053138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.2249249517917633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10050518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975085","display_name":"Primary education","level":2,"score":0.21903866529464722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15581843256950378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10573560802683523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10573560802683523?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4460436","display_name":"Reading & Writing Quarterly","issn_l":"1057-3569","issn":["1057-3569","1521-0693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reading &amp; Writing Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:stars.library.ucf.edu:scopus2000-12715","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2000/11716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172555","display_name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","issn_l":"2576-0017","issn":["2576-0017","2576-0025"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus Export 2000s","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10573560802683523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560802683523","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10573560802683523?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4460436","display_name":"Reading & Writing Quarterly","issn_l":"1057-3569","issn":["1057-3569","1521-0693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reading &amp; Writing Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9815999865531921}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8999999761581421}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005170203.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005170203.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162771124","https://openalex.org/W164063172","https://openalex.org/W175064816","https://openalex.org/W192234068","https://openalex.org/W243459615","https://openalex.org/W289594259","https://openalex.org/W338031683","https://openalex.org/W598821434","https://openalex.org/W1501218279","https://openalex.org/W1517223648","https://openalex.org/W1544016854","https://openalex.org/W1569737621","https://openalex.org/W1584697775","https://openalex.org/W1972784059","https://openalex.org/W1984970179","https://openalex.org/W1994201684","https://openalex.org/W2038813489","https://openalex.org/W2040261646","https://openalex.org/W2101026866","https://openalex.org/W2113496926","https://openalex.org/W2136525252","https://openalex.org/W2138551966","https://openalex.org/W2160733020","https://openalex.org/W2161533418","https://openalex.org/W2169306834","https://openalex.org/W2189385236","https://openalex.org/W2727604640","https://openalex.org/W2790783572","https://openalex.org/W2804932149","https://openalex.org/W2991994063","https://openalex.org/W3182169479","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W597015066","https://openalex.org/W125534992","https://openalex.org/W2741760964","https://openalex.org/W2901233038","https://openalex.org/W3211409545","https://openalex.org/W4224053003","https://openalex.org/W2516400015","https://openalex.org/W2140903403","https://openalex.org/W2012580811","https://openalex.org/W165536747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Struggling":[0],"readers":[1],"are":[2,66],"more":[3],"likely":[4],"to":[5,36,78],"learn":[6],"essential":[7],"reading":[8,31,91],"skills":[9],"and":[10,42,72,97],"strategies":[11],"if":[12],"the":[13,23,51,55,59,62,85,90],"direct":[14,63],"or":[15,70],"explicit":[16,67],"model":[17],"of":[18,22,26,45,61,83,89],"instruction":[19,64,76],"is":[20],"part":[21,82],"teacher's":[24],"repertoire":[25],"teaching":[27,30],"methods.":[28],"Directly/explicitly":[29],"means":[32],"imparting":[33],"new":[34],"information":[35],"students":[37],"through":[38],"meaningful":[39],"teacher\u2013student":[40],"interactions":[41],"teacher":[43,52],"guidance":[44],"student":[46],"learning.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"approach,":[50],"clearly":[53],"leads":[54],"teaching\u2013learning":[56],"process.":[57],"At":[58],"heart":[60],"method":[65],"explanations,":[68],"modeling":[69],"demonstrating,":[71],"guided":[73],"practice.":[74],"Direct/explicit":[75],"needs":[77],"be":[79],"an":[80],"integral":[81],"learning":[84],"major":[86],"content":[87],"strands":[88],"process\u2014phonemic":[92],"awareness,":[93],"phonics,":[94],"fluency,":[95],"vocabulary,":[96],"comprehension.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
