{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005140234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","title":"Block Outlier Methods for Malicious User Detection in Cooperative Spectrum Sensing","display_name":"Block Outlier Methods for Malicious User Detection in Cooperative Spectrum Sensing","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005140234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","mag":"2005140234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185404","display_name":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","issn_l":"1090-3038","issn":["1090-3038","2577-2465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 79th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.4109","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054727481","display_name":"Sanket S. Kalamkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-3908","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-3908"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanket S. Kalamkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Indian Inst. of Technol. Kanpur, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Indian Inst. of Technol. Kanpur, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090359879","display_name":"Praveen Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8188-2636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8188-2636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praveen Kumar Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Indian Inst. of Technol. Kanpur, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Indian Inst. of Technol. Kanpur, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029924040","display_name":"Adrish Banerjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-8464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-8464"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrish Banerjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Indian Inst. of Technol. Kanpur, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Indian Inst. of Technol. Kanpur, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.855,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91839633,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperative-spectrum-sensing","display_name":"cooperative spectrum sensing","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malicious-user-detection","display_name":"malicious user detection","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum-sensing-data-falsification-attack","display_name":"spectrum sensing data falsification attack","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shapiro-wilk-test","display_name":"Shapiro-Wilk test","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clustering","display_name":"clustering","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperative-attack","display_name":"cooperative attack","score":0.38499999046325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7475141286849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6554775238037109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6404930949211121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.6051269769668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5738155245780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.5266820192337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4700820744037628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.45119544863700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.422504186630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.419444739818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21576163172721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1203654408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10952582955360413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2014.7022848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185404","display_name":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","issn_l":"1090-3038","issn":["1090-3038","2577-2465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 79th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1402.4109","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1402.4109","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.4109","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1402.4109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1402.4109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1402.4109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1402.4109","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1402.4109","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.4109","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970655212","https://openalex.org/W1985496324","https://openalex.org/W1994173652","https://openalex.org/W1998360044","https://openalex.org/W2020115623","https://openalex.org/W2025217548","https://openalex.org/W2072702059","https://openalex.org/W2084436032","https://openalex.org/W2107069798","https://openalex.org/W2112677325","https://openalex.org/W2115991477","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2135889430","https://openalex.org/W2141944579","https://openalex.org/W2143051794","https://openalex.org/W2149487340","https://openalex.org/W2155999145","https://openalex.org/W2157048491","https://openalex.org/W2162958263","https://openalex.org/W2168745915","https://openalex.org/W2170714937","https://openalex.org/W2171196787","https://openalex.org/W3016075115","https://openalex.org/W3098242012"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025217548","https://openalex.org/W301304347","https://openalex.org/W2402370151","https://openalex.org/W3145425536","https://openalex.org/W2041185491","https://openalex.org/W2098418265","https://openalex.org/W2010131378","https://openalex.org/W2520744994","https://openalex.org/W2004731178","https://openalex.org/W4407432625"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Block":[0],"outlier":[1],"detection":[2],"methods,":[3],"based":[4],"on":[5],"Tietjen-":[6],"Moore":[7],"(TM)":[8],"and":[9,17,36,86],"Shapiro-Wilk":[10],"(SW)":[11],"tests,":[12],"are":[13],"proposed":[14],"to":[15,74,101],"detect":[16],"suppress":[18],"spectrum":[19,30],"sensing":[20],"data":[21],"falsification":[22],"(SSDF)":[23],"attacks":[24],"by":[25,59],"malicious":[26,42,57,66,79,107],"users":[27,43,58,67,108],"in":[28],"cooperative":[29],"sensing.":[31],"First,":[32],"we":[33,47,91,115],"consider":[34],"basic":[35],"statistical":[37],"SSDF":[38,51],"attacks,":[39],"where":[40],"the":[41,63,76,103],"attack":[44],"independently.":[45],"Then":[46],"propose":[48,116],"a":[49,117],"new":[50],"attack,":[52],"which":[53,81],"involves":[54],"cooperation":[55],"among":[56],"masking.":[60],"In":[61],"practice,":[62],"number":[64,77,105],"of":[65,78,106],"is":[68,72,82],"unknown.":[69],"Thus,":[70],"it":[71],"necessary":[73],"estimate":[75,102],"users,":[80],"found":[83],"using":[84,93],"clustering":[85],"largest":[87,119],"gap":[88,120],"method.":[89,121],"However,":[90],"show":[92],"Monte":[94],"Carlo":[95],"simulations":[96],"that,":[97],"these":[98],"methods":[99],"fail":[100],"exact":[104],"when":[109],"they":[110],"cooperate.":[111],"To":[112],"overcome":[113],"this,":[114],"modified":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}