{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005127807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","title":"Association Between Passive Smoking and Infection WithMycobacterium tuberculosisin Children","display_name":"Association Between Passive Smoking and Infection WithMycobacterium tuberculosisin Children","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005127807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","mag":"2005127807","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17403844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1796","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77494981","display_name":"PEDIATRICS","issn_l":"0031-4005","issn":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081991257","display_name":"Saskia den Boon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-7700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-7700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260461","display_name":"KNCV TB Plus","ror":"https://ror.org/03shjds31","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}],"countries":["NL","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saskia den Boon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands","Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050125317","display_name":"Suzanne Verver","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9088-7247","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9088-7247"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260461","display_name":"KNCV TB Plus","ror":"https://ror.org/03shjds31","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzanne Verver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands","KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024438276","display_name":"Ben J. Marais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-2690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-2690"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben J. Marais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061831851","display_name":"Donald A. Enarson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124409","display_name":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","ror":"https://ror.org/037x4qk98","country_code":"FR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124409"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald A. Enarson","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124409"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084853767","display_name":"Carl J. Lombard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-6533","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-6533"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10947320","display_name":"South African Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05q60vz69","country_code":"ZA","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10947320"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl J. Lombard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10947320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090062530","display_name":"Eric Donn Bateman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5064-5849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5064-5849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric D. Bateman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111612893","display_name":"Elvis Malcolm Irusen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elvis Irusen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036841657","display_name":"Anamika Jithoo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anamika Jithoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007841023","display_name":"Robert Peter Gie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-4136","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-4136"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert P. Gie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110821063","display_name":"Martien W. Borgdorff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260461","display_name":"KNCV TB Plus","ror":"https://ror.org/03shjds31","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martien W. Borgdorff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands","KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260461"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043774258","display_name":"Nulda Beyers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nulda Beyers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87339231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"119","issue":"4","first_page":"734","last_page":"739"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11316","display_name":"Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-smoking","display_name":"passive smoking","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-tuberculosis-infection","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculin-skin-test","display_name":"tuberculin skin test","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-smoking","display_name":"household smoking","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-households","display_name":"low-income households","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cape-town","display_name":"Cape Town","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9240243434906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.8989057540893555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29505","display_name":"Tuberculin","level":3,"score":0.6773676872253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776281542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259516","display_name":"Passive smoking","level":2,"score":0.6537400484085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777975735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.6274482011795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5533537268638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5432592034339905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.44165679812431335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.43289902806282043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3720599412918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.33625975251197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.33405375480651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2170741856098175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.12200677394866943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005191","descriptor_name":"Family Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005191","descriptor_name":"Family Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005191","descriptor_name":"Family Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014028","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Smoke Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014028","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Smoke Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014028","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Smoke Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014374","descriptor_name":"Tuberculin Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014374","descriptor_name":"Tuberculin Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014374","descriptor_name":"Tuberculin Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014397","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016001","descriptor_name":"Confidence Intervals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016001","descriptor_name":"Confidence Intervals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016001","descriptor_name":"Confidence Intervals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1796","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77494981","display_name":"PEDIATRICS","issn_l":"0031-4005","issn":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17403844","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17403844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.amsterdamumc.nl:openaire_cris_publications/f461199b-b82b-439b-9758-cfea3a73c547","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.amsterdamumc.nl/en/publications/f461199b-b82b-439b-9758-cfea3a73c547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055222","display_name":"Pure Amsterdam UMC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"den Boon, S, Verver, S, Marais, B J, Enarson, D A, Lombard, C J, Bateman, E D, Irusen, E, Jithoo, A, Gie, R P, Borgdorff, M W & Beyers, N 2007, 'Association between passive smoking and infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children', Pediatrics, vol. 119, no. 4, pp. 734-739. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1796","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:amcpub:oai:pure.amc.nl:publications/425a0a4c-6fa6-4735-8688-a768cd4d7e37","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.amc.nl/en/publications/association-between-passive-smoking-and-infection-with-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-in-children(425a0a4c-6fa6-4735-8688-a768cd4d7e37).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics, 119(4), 734 - 739. American Academy of Pediatrics","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53828790","https://openalex.org/W109580643","https://openalex.org/W1574381360","https://openalex.org/W1577251139","https://openalex.org/W1955590380","https://openalex.org/W1986815680","https://openalex.org/W1988184992","https://openalex.org/W1990900144","https://openalex.org/W2014861393","https://openalex.org/W2022178820","https://openalex.org/W2036537137","https://openalex.org/W2043099756","https://openalex.org/W2044082121","https://openalex.org/W2047355853","https://openalex.org/W2059377494","https://openalex.org/W2065647252","https://openalex.org/W2079354429","https://openalex.org/W2093389636","https://openalex.org/W2094978429","https://openalex.org/W2101611321","https://openalex.org/W2101710949","https://openalex.org/W2111730272","https://openalex.org/W2119489884","https://openalex.org/W2121102190","https://openalex.org/W2126029792","https://openalex.org/W2126828017","https://openalex.org/W2141249815","https://openalex.org/W2143472703","https://openalex.org/W2144897212","https://openalex.org/W2148723504","https://openalex.org/W2161609020","https://openalex.org/W2162005913","https://openalex.org/W2169550867","https://openalex.org/W2215669581","https://openalex.org/W2285668685","https://openalex.org/W2355540743","https://openalex.org/W2411304914","https://openalex.org/W2435288781","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298197735"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308058527","https://openalex.org/W2972094210","https://openalex.org/W2110949356","https://openalex.org/W4210506554","https://openalex.org/W2042252940","https://openalex.org/W1538374398","https://openalex.org/W2050407936","https://openalex.org/W1986832896","https://openalex.org/W2411061500","https://openalex.org/W3160640465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Tuberculosis":[1],"and":[2,15,69,130,149,261],"smoking":[3,14,35,104,168,196,219,260],"are":[4,239],"both":[5],"significant":[6],"public":[7],"health":[8],"problems.":[9],"The":[10,23],"association":[11,248],"between":[12],"passive":[13,34,195],"Mycobacterium":[16],"tuberculosis":[17,38,101,142,174,224,262],"infection":[18,39,175,225],"is":[19,220,249],"not":[20,181,207],"well":[21],"documented.":[22],"objective":[24],"of":[25,33,50,67,90,138,252,259],"this":[26,243],"study":[27],"was":[28,46,96,105,128,169,197],"to":[29,98,241],"examine":[30],"the":[31,81,110,144,152,177,183,187,209,246,256],"influence":[32],"on":[36],"M.":[37,100,173,223],"in":[40,48,52,57,80,109,143,176,182,208,226,229,263],"children.":[41],"METHODS:":[42],"A":[43],"community":[44],"survey":[45],"conducted":[47],"15%":[49],"addresses":[51,77],"2":[53],"adjacent":[54],"low-income":[55],"suburbs":[56],"Cape":[58],"Town,":[59],"South":[60],"Africa.":[61],"All":[62],"children":[63,227],"(<":[64],"15":[65],"years":[66],"age)":[68],"their":[70],"adult":[71,116],"household":[72,111,147,153,231],"members":[73],"residing":[74],"at":[75,113,120,151],"these":[76],"were":[78,133],"included":[79],"study.":[82],"Children":[83],"underwent":[84],"tuberculin":[85,164,203],"skin":[86,165,204],"testing.":[87],"An":[88],"induration":[89],">":[91],"or":[92],"=":[93],"10":[94],"mm":[95],"considered":[97],"define":[99],"infection.":[102],"Passive":[103,167,218],"defined":[106],"as":[107],"living":[108,228],"with":[112,141,172,190,193,200,215,222,232,235],"least":[114,121],"1":[115,122],"who":[117],"smoked":[118],"for":[119,135],"year.":[123],"Random-effects":[124],"logistic":[125],"regression":[126],"analysis":[127],"performed,":[129],"odds":[131],"ratios":[132],"adjusted":[134,184],"age,":[136],"presence":[137],"a":[139,162,191,201,213,230,233,250],"patient":[140,192,214,234],"household,":[145],"average":[146],"income,":[148],"clustering":[150],"level.":[154],"RESULTS:":[155],"Of":[156],"1344":[157],"children,":[158],"432":[159],"(32%)":[160],"had":[161],"positive":[163,202],"test.":[166],"significantly":[170,198],"associated":[171,199,221],"unadjusted":[178],"analyses":[179],"but":[180,206,245],"analyses.":[185],"In":[186],"172":[188],"households":[189,211],"tuberculosis,":[194],"test":[205],"492":[210],"without":[212],"tuberculosis.":[216,236],"CONCLUSIONS:":[217],"More":[237],"studies":[238],"needed":[240],"confirm":[242],"observation,":[244],"possible":[247],"cause":[251],"great":[253],"concern,":[254],"considering":[255],"high":[257],"prevalence":[258],"most":[264],"developing":[265],"countries.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
