{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005013430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971538","title":"Integration of Women in Development: Why, When, How.","display_name":"Integration of Women in Development: Why, When, How.","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005013430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971538","mag":"2005013430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1971538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32314625","display_name":"Population and Development Review","issn_l":"0098-7921","issn":["0098-7921","1728-4457"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population and Development Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096726840","display_name":"E. H.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. H.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073764918","display_name":"Ester Boserup","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ester Boserup","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096726841","display_name":"Christian Liljencrantz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Liljencrantz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16559417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"138","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.6898999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.6898999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13040","display_name":"Gender, Education, and Development Issues","score":0.3059000074863434,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-equality","display_name":"gender equality","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-women","display_name":"rural women","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-labor-force-participation","display_name":"female labor force participation","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-labor","display_name":"agricultural labor","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-education","display_name":"women's education","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-to-urban-migration","display_name":"rural-urban migration","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-industry","display_name":"home industry","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsistence-production","display_name":"subsistence production","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-roles","display_name":"reproductive roles","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-at-marriage","display_name":"age at marriage","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equal-access-to-education","display_name":"equal access to education","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocational-education","display_name":"vocational education","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/housework","display_name":"housework","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-income","display_name":"rural income","score":0.6179999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33442237973213196}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1971538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32314625","display_name":"Population and Development Review","issn_l":"0098-7921","issn":["0098-7921","1728-4457"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population and Development Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.8665000200271606}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.5600000023841858}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765153054","https://openalex.org/W2931838652","https://openalex.org/W2596173151","https://openalex.org/W2051331738","https://openalex.org/W3080576469","https://openalex.org/W4231340554","https://openalex.org/W1491839574","https://openalex.org/W2624733068","https://openalex.org/W3168296622","https://openalex.org/W2011945577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Women":[0],"have":[1],"been":[2],"largely":[3],"excluded":[4],"from":[5,154],"the":[6,13,22,29,73,109,139,151,181,230,265,271,283,300,313,318,327,341],"development":[7,50,148,172,235],"effort":[8],"in":[9,80,108,180,191,229,246,255,309],"most":[10],"countries":[11,247,256],"of":[12,18,32,38,55,75,77,106,141,147,156,203,207,212,234,273,303,329,343],"world.":[14],"The":[16,36,60],"intensification":[17],"agriculture":[19],"often":[20],"increases":[21],"demand":[23],"for":[24,167,174,276],"female":[25,33,227,289],"labor":[26,182],"and":[27,72,90,96,132,173,209,225,232,253,278],"undermines":[28],"educational":[30],"opportunities":[31,275],"children.":[34,213],"share":[37],"agricultural":[39,66,78],"work":[40,287],"performed":[41],"by":[42,124],"females":[43],"also":[44],"tends":[45],"to":[46,62,87,102,119,221,239,281,298,311,325,340,346],"increase":[47],"with":[48,65],"urban":[49],"which":[51],"creates":[52],"widespread":[53],"outmigration":[54],"rural":[56,70,81,304,314],"male":[57],"youth.":[58],"failure":[61],"provide":[63],"women":[64,125,169,277,305],"vocational":[67,223],"training":[68,224],"keeps":[69],"incomes":[71,134],"rate":[74],"growth":[76],"production":[79,117],"areas":[82],"at":[83,198,201],"low":[84],"levels":[85,99],"contributing":[86],"rural-urban":[88],"disparities":[89],"migration.":[91],"Womens":[93],"reproductive":[94],"role":[95,179],"high":[97],"illiteracy":[98],"further":[100],"serve":[101],"shut":[103],"them":[104,308],"out":[105],"employment":[107],"industrial":[110],"sector.":[111],"Female":[113],"tasks":[114],"within":[115],"subsistence":[116],"tend":[118],"become":[120],"home":[121],"industries":[122,129],"manned":[123],"but":[126],"these":[127,157],"small":[128],"are":[130,135,262,291],"overfilled":[131],"averae":[133],"declining.":[136],"Moreover":[138],"creation":[140],"larger":[142],"enterprises":[143],"as":[144,196],"a":[145,165],"result":[146],"has":[149],"taken":[150],"market":[152,183],"away":[153],"many":[155],"smaller":[158],"ventures.":[159],"Each":[161],"country":[162],"must":[163],"develop":[164],"strategy":[166],"integrating":[168],"into":[170],"national":[171],"combating":[175],"attitudes":[176,285],"that":[177,267,286],"womens":[178,330],"should":[184,243,295,322,337],"be":[185,244,296,323,338],"marginal.":[186],"This":[188],"requires":[189],"changes":[190],"certain":[192],"demographic":[193],"variables":[194],"such":[195],"age":[197,200],"marriage":[199],"birth":[202],"1st":[204],"child":[205],"spacing":[206],"children":[208],"total":[210],"number":[211],"Of":[215],"equal":[216,219,241],"importance":[217],"is":[218],"access":[220],"education":[222],"greater":[226],"participation":[228],"formulation":[231],"execution":[233],"policy.":[236],"Legislation":[238],"ensure":[240],"rights":[242],"introduced":[245],"where":[248,257],"it":[249,258],"does":[250],"not":[251],"exist":[252],"enforced":[254],"does.":[259],"Studies":[261],"needed":[263],"on":[264],"factors":[266],"facilitate":[268],"or":[269],"constrain":[270],"provision":[272],"wider":[274],"coordinated":[279],"programs":[280],"modify":[282],"traditional":[284],"against":[288],"equality":[290],"required.":[292],"Efforts":[294],"made":[297],"improve":[299],"earning":[301],"power":[302],"andto":[306],"integrate":[307],"campaigns":[310],"modernize":[312],"economy.":[315],"At":[317],"same":[319],"time":[320],"attention":[321],"given":[324,339],"easing":[326],"burden":[328],"routine":[331],"household":[332],"chores.":[333],"Highest":[335],"priority":[336],"task":[342],"providing":[344],"skills":[345],"unskilled":[347],"women.":[348]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
