{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004886357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020193526843","title":"Secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma: A validational study","display_name":"Secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma: A validational study","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004886357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020193526843","mag":"2004886357","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12392231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1020193526843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020193526843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020193526843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176794141","display_name":"Journal of Traumatic Stress","issn_l":"0894-9867","issn":["0894-9867","1573-6598"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Traumatic Stress","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037583453","display_name":"Sharon Rae Jenkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3753-3161","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3753-3161"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Rae Jenkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton 76203-1280, USA. jenkinss@unt.edu","Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton 76203-1280, USA. jenkinss@unt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023561553","display_name":"Stephanie L. Baird","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-2300","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-2300"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie Baird","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas","Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, University of North Texas, Denton,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037583453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"apc_list":{"value":3120,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3120},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2738,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":600,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97741213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"423","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12704","display_name":"Stress and Burnout Research","score":0.5971999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12704","display_name":"Stress and Burnout Research","score":0.5971999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10242","display_name":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research","score":0.23360000550746918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11028","display_name":"Social Work Education and Practice","score":0.05559999868273735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-traumatic-stress","display_name":"secondary traumatic stress","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vicarious-trauma","display_name":"vicarious trauma","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compassion-fatigue","display_name":"compassion fatigue","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burnout","display_name":"burnout","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trauma-symptoms","display_name":"trauma symptoms","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-validation","display_name":"psychometric validation","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-validity","display_name":"concurrent validity","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5750259757041931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778159538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16920843","display_name":"Traumatic stress","level":2,"score":0.5696700811386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11625366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156139","display_name":"Compassion fatigue","level":3,"score":0.5673116445541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909318785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654426","display_name":"Emotional trauma","level":2,"score":0.5054807662963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776317618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544006","display_name":"Anxiety disorder","level":3,"score":0.48252055048942566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.41241946816444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.40963125228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.33174020051956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.19031530618667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143916079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2629248","display_name":"Burnout","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002055","descriptor_name":"Burnout, Professional","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003379","descriptor_name":"Countertransference","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005221","descriptor_name":"Fatigue","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006282","descriptor_name":"Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008605","descriptor_name":"Mental Health Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013313","descriptor_name":"Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013313","descriptor_name":"Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1020193526843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020193526843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020193526843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176794141","display_name":"Journal of Traumatic Stress","issn_l":"0894-9867","issn":["0894-9867","1573-6598"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Traumatic Stress","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12392231","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12392231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of traumatic stress","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123770101","https://openalex.org/W579970915","https://openalex.org/W592416493","https://openalex.org/W615434798","https://openalex.org/W1498768946","https://openalex.org/W1621373383","https://openalex.org/W1691594768","https://openalex.org/W1714988354","https://openalex.org/W1739628643","https://openalex.org/W1748042182","https://openalex.org/W1789026304","https://openalex.org/W1849143904","https://openalex.org/W1969956039","https://openalex.org/W2024540447","https://openalex.org/W2037557484","https://openalex.org/W2055050463","https://openalex.org/W2055427440","https://openalex.org/W2069891508","https://openalex.org/W2085002287","https://openalex.org/W2120239420","https://openalex.org/W2141929749","https://openalex.org/W2144816256","https://openalex.org/W2276871344","https://openalex.org/W2481794432","https://openalex.org/W2590110739","https://openalex.org/W2884977363","https://openalex.org/W2901206091","https://openalex.org/W2905850830","https://openalex.org/W3001124091","https://openalex.org/W3129043852","https://openalex.org/W6846108077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1789026304","https://openalex.org/W2071804107","https://openalex.org/W2020549676","https://openalex.org/W2085002287","https://openalex.org/W2753566251","https://openalex.org/W4388862459","https://openalex.org/W2086195868","https://openalex.org/W7025111073","https://openalex.org/W2803716539","https://openalex.org/W4387579502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vicarious":[0],"trauma":[1,100,117],"(VT)":[2],"and":[3,32,68,77,86],"secondary":[4],"traumatic":[5],"stress":[6],"(STS)":[7],"or":[8,109],"compassion":[9],"fatigue":[10],"both":[11],"describe":[12],"effects":[13],"of":[14],"working":[15],"with":[16,81,89,98,112],"traumatized":[17],"persons":[18],"on":[19,104,116],"therapists.":[20],"Despite":[21],"conceptual":[22],"similarities,":[23],"their":[24,59],"emphases":[25],"differ:":[26],"cognitive":[27],"schemas":[28],"vs.":[29],"posttraumatic":[30],"symptoms":[31],"burnout,":[33,110],"respectively.":[34],"The":[35],"TSI":[36],"Belief":[37],"Scale":[38],"(TSI-BSL)":[39],"measures":[40,49],"VT;":[41],"the":[42,113],"Compassion":[43],"Fatigue":[44],"Self-Test":[45],"(CFST)":[46],"for":[47,64],"Psychotherapists":[48],"STS.":[50],"Neither":[51],"has":[52,58],"substantial":[53],"psychometric":[54],"evidence":[55],"yet,":[56],"nor":[57],"association":[60],"been":[61],"studied.":[62],"Results":[63],"99":[65],"sexual":[66],"assault":[67],"domestic":[69],"violence":[70],"counselors":[71],"show":[72],"concurrent":[73],"validity":[74],"between":[75],"TSI-BSL":[76,108],"CFST,":[78,105],"moderate":[79],"convergence":[80,88],"burnout":[82],"but":[83,92,106],"useful":[84],"discrimination,":[85],"strong":[87],"general":[90],"distress,":[91],"adequate":[93],"independent":[94],"shared":[95],"variance.":[96],"Counselors":[97],"interpersonal":[99],"histories":[101],"scored":[102],"higher":[103],"not":[107],"consistent":[111],"CFST's":[114],"emphasis":[115],"symptomatology.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":24}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}