{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004866646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700070404","title":"Silica, pneumoconiosis, and carcinoma of the lung","display_name":"Silica, pneumoconiosis, and carcinoma of the lung","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004866646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700070404","mag":"2004866646","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2986455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ajim.4700070404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700070404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700070404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109435702","display_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","issn_l":"0271-3586","issn":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054384072","display_name":"A. G. Heppleston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129077","display_name":"Institute of Occupational Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03r6k1a05","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129077"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. G. Heppleston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Occupational Medicine, Roxburgh Place, Edinburgh EH8 9SU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Occupational Medicine, Roxburgh Place, Edinburgh EH8 9SU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054384072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129077"],"apc_list":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5676,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78861789,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"285","last_page":"294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11026","display_name":"Occupational and environmental lung diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11026","display_name":"Occupational and environmental lung diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14168","display_name":"Occupational Health and Global Justice","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silica","display_name":"silica","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumoconiosis","display_name":"pneumoconiosis","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer","display_name":"lung cancer","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcinogenicity","display_name":"carcinogenicity","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhaled-dust","display_name":"inhaled dust","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/miners","display_name":"miners","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoking","display_name":"cigarette smoking","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrous-particles","display_name":"fibrous particles","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-exposure","display_name":"occupational exposure","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-carcinogenesis","display_name":"pulmonary carcinogenesis","score":0.41600000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776715762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q651223","display_name":"Pneumoconiosis","level":2,"score":0.8830956220626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8414822220802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776256026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912","display_name":"Lung cancer","level":2,"score":0.7322297692298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114246631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187661","display_name":"Carcinogen","level":2,"score":0.7220101356506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.521185576915741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777546739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33525","display_name":"Carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.4750366508960724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4742400050163269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987845665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072363","display_name":"Occupational exposure","level":2,"score":0.47113674879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779089622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116269","display_name":"Silicon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.46763041615486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779268580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3447087","display_name":"Allowance (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.44812390208244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510490043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104085","display_name":"Asbestos","level":2,"score":0.4444098472595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.4420391917228699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.4257311224937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.3688425123691559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.32847705483436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.10804146528244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08968821167945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003032","descriptor_name":"Coal Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004391","descriptor_name":"Dust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006046","descriptor_name":"Gold","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008906","descriptor_name":"Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011009","descriptor_name":"Pneumoconiosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011009","descriptor_name":"Pneumoconiosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012822","descriptor_name":"Silicon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012829","descriptor_name":"Silicosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012829","descriptor_name":"Silicosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ajim.4700070404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700070404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700070404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109435702","display_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","issn_l":"0271-3586","issn":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2986455","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2986455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of industrial medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9789000153541565}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9032088","https://openalex.org/W593835496","https://openalex.org/W616881840","https://openalex.org/W625592466","https://openalex.org/W1517480701","https://openalex.org/W1808065617","https://openalex.org/W1966452105","https://openalex.org/W1982354951","https://openalex.org/W1986292405","https://openalex.org/W1987306806","https://openalex.org/W1988737924","https://openalex.org/W1992290430","https://openalex.org/W1995297734","https://openalex.org/W1996756945","https://openalex.org/W1998868511","https://openalex.org/W2001350612","https://openalex.org/W2002219176","https://openalex.org/W2014713131","https://openalex.org/W2016309162","https://openalex.org/W2019409179","https://openalex.org/W2019441195","https://openalex.org/W2027641017","https://openalex.org/W2030315240","https://openalex.org/W2030647754","https://openalex.org/W2035561389","https://openalex.org/W2035853417","https://openalex.org/W2037061466","https://openalex.org/W2042500181","https://openalex.org/W2043232677","https://openalex.org/W2054778283","https://openalex.org/W2055147417","https://openalex.org/W2055812469","https://openalex.org/W2058423449","https://openalex.org/W2061488620","https://openalex.org/W2064376437","https://openalex.org/W2065177015","https://openalex.org/W2065355920","https://openalex.org/W2074839124","https://openalex.org/W2075049724","https://openalex.org/W2075533640","https://openalex.org/W2088786174","https://openalex.org/W2089256427","https://openalex.org/W2091371372","https://openalex.org/W2098623514","https://openalex.org/W2104247861","https://openalex.org/W2107654206","https://openalex.org/W2131114798","https://openalex.org/W2133686953","https://openalex.org/W2138993007","https://openalex.org/W2143936249","https://openalex.org/W2144815050","https://openalex.org/W2153648951","https://openalex.org/W2187464823","https://openalex.org/W2401344354","https://openalex.org/W2407552349","https://openalex.org/W2407950316","https://openalex.org/W2430651947","https://openalex.org/W4210629037","https://openalex.org/W4232128999","https://openalex.org/W4235546581","https://openalex.org/W4299003500","https://openalex.org/W4300442508","https://openalex.org/W4366736889","https://openalex.org/W7062682155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2416209679","https://openalex.org/W2978629322","https://openalex.org/W95480252","https://openalex.org/W2046406141","https://openalex.org/W2050543564","https://openalex.org/W1497829841","https://openalex.org/W7097381243","https://openalex.org/W7099858703","https://openalex.org/W2898244191","https://openalex.org/W625592466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"current":[1],"argument":[2],"about":[3],"the":[4,32,43,55,73,95,120,130],"carcinogenicity":[5],"of":[6,42,45,57,66,72,97,122],"inhaled":[7,82],"silica":[8,52,87],"is":[9,78,99],"not":[10,116],"clarified":[11],"by":[12,92],"reliance":[13],"on":[14,26,54,63],"morbidity":[15],"and":[16,39,88,135],"mortality":[17],"experience":[18],"divorced":[19],"from":[20,68],"or":[21,49],"incompletely":[22],"related":[23],"to":[24,86,111,118,133],"data":[25],"environmental":[27],"exposure.":[28],"Human":[29],"evidence":[30,98],"provides":[31],"ultimate":[33],"basis":[34],"for":[35,80,89,104,129],"assessing":[36],"such":[37],"risks,":[38],"numerous":[40],"studies":[41],"effects":[44],"inhaling":[46],"dusts":[47],"rich":[48],"poor":[50],"in":[51],"content":[53],"prevalence":[56],"pulmonary":[58],"carcinoma":[59],"have":[60],"been":[61],"performed":[62],"large":[64],"series":[65],"cases":[67],"major":[69],"mining":[70],"areas":[71],"world.":[74],"When":[75],"due":[76,110],"allowance":[77],"made":[79],"substances":[81],"concomitantly":[83],"with":[84],"exposure":[85],"personal":[90],"pollution":[91],"cigarette":[93],"smoking,":[94],"weight":[96],"against":[100],"a":[101],"carcinogenic":[102],"role":[103],"uncombined":[105],"silicon":[106],"dioxide.":[107],"Moreover,":[108],"pneumoconiosis":[109],"compact":[112,134],"mineral":[113],"particles":[114,137],"does":[115],"appear":[117],"determine":[119],"onset":[121],"lung":[123],"cancer.":[124],"Cellular":[125],"behaviour":[126],"suggests":[127],"reasons":[128],"different":[131],"responses":[132],"fibrous":[136],"acting":[138],"alone.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
