{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004865103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/603239","title":"The Commerce of Letters: Networks and \"Invisible Colleges\" in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Europe","display_name":"The Commerce of Letters: Networks and \"Invisible Colleges\" in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Europe","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004865103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/603239","mag":"2004865103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/603239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/603239","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/603239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205139718","display_name":"The Library Quarterly","issn_l":"0024-2519","issn":["0024-2519","1549-652X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Library Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058590265","display_name":"David A. Kronick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David A. Kronick","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058590265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5697,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94203048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"1","first_page":"28","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14386","display_name":"Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books","score":0.3970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14386","display_name":"Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books","score":0.3970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.23649999499320984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11137","display_name":"Historical Philosophy and Science","score":0.14429999887943268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invisible-college","display_name":"invisible college","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scholarly-correspondence","display_name":"academic correspondence","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correspondence-networks","display_name":"correspondence networks","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-modern-science","display_name":"early modern science","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-communication","display_name":"science communication","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-societies","display_name":"scientific societies","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scholarly-journals","display_name":"scientific journals","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erudite-letters","display_name":"erudite letters","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-citation-analysis","display_name":"co-citation analysis","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-networks","display_name":"intellectual networks","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/17th-century","display_name":"17th century","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/18th-century","display_name":"18th century","score":0.9980000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776900844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8028383","display_name":"Witness","level":2,"score":0.8122748136520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.6318434476852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.565069317817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.42530545592308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.40060508251190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.3458659052848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.3417835235595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.29321354627609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.28318047523498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.23510447144508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.1853894591331482}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/603239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/603239","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/603239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205139718","display_name":"The Library Quarterly","issn_l":"0024-2519","issn":["0024-2519","1549-652X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Library Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204184694","https://openalex.org/W1518069500","https://openalex.org/W1540938302","https://openalex.org/W1984776093","https://openalex.org/W1990518002","https://openalex.org/W2005207065","https://openalex.org/W2007446343","https://openalex.org/W2019020697","https://openalex.org/W2055688518","https://openalex.org/W2074305021","https://openalex.org/W2088209891","https://openalex.org/W2129936978","https://openalex.org/W2164528279","https://openalex.org/W2285904221","https://openalex.org/W2797264447","https://openalex.org/W4214692679","https://openalex.org/W4388321368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251138152","https://openalex.org/W7126841178","https://openalex.org/W2487129932","https://openalex.org/W2810075027","https://openalex.org/W4390630142","https://openalex.org/W632185219","https://openalex.org/W7015471364","https://openalex.org/W3002369832","https://openalex.org/W7064607076","https://openalex.org/W2409850790"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,13,63,84,96],"\"erudite":[1],"letters\"":[2],"of":[3,29,44,61,65,75,86,98,129,145],"early":[4,130],"modern":[5,107,131],"science":[6],"had":[7],"their":[8,82],"antecedents":[9],"in":[10,32,152],"classical":[11],"literature.":[12],"letters":[14,87],"were":[15,35,38,51],"not":[16],"always":[17],"concerned":[18],"with":[19,123],"scholarly":[20,140],"matters":[21],"but":[22],"bear":[23],"witness":[24],"to":[25,78,106,120,139],"the":[26,30,73,153],"intellectual":[27],"currents":[28],"period":[31],"which":[33],"they":[34,50],"written.":[36],"Letters":[37],"circulated":[39],"as":[40,58,114],"a":[41,59],"prepublication":[42],"means":[43],"sharing":[45],"and":[46,55,68,80,100,155],"assessing":[47],"ideas":[48],"before":[49],"put":[52],"into":[53],"print":[54],"also":[56,88],"served":[57,77],"medium":[60],"publication.":[62],"establishment":[64],"scientific":[66,108],"societies":[67],"journals,":[69],"rather":[70],"than":[71],"diminishing":[72],"flow":[74],"letters,":[76],"stimulate":[79],"enhance":[81],"use.":[83],"commerce":[85],"sustained":[89],"what":[90],"seventeenth-century":[91],"scholars":[92],"called":[93],"\"invisible":[94],"colleges.\"":[95],"concepts":[97],"networks":[99,133,148],"invisible":[101,150],"colleges":[102,151],"have":[103,117],"been":[104,118],"applied":[105],"communication,":[109],"where":[110],"research":[111,125],"techniques":[112],"such":[113],"\"co-citation":[115],"analysis\"":[116],"used":[119],"reveal":[121],"coteries":[122],"communal":[124],"interests.":[126],"A":[127],"study":[128],"correspondence":[132,141],"may":[134],"suggest":[135],"an":[136],"analytical":[137],"approach":[138],"that":[142],"is":[143],"capable":[144],"revealing":[146],"additional":[147],"or":[149],"seventeenth":[154],"eighteenth":[156],"centuries.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}