{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004620752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026531","title":"Physiological arousal as a function of imagined, vicarious, and direct stress experiences.","display_name":"Physiological arousal as a function of imagined, vicarious, and direct stress experiences.","publication_year":1968,"publication_date":"1968-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004620752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026531","mag":"2004620752","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5717351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/h0026531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121947241","display_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","issn_l":"0021-843X","issn":["0021-843X","1939-1846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044630040","display_name":"Kenneth D. Craig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8063-2662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8063-2662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth D. Craig","raw_affiliation_strings":["U British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8063-2662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044630040"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94040903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"6","first_page":"513","last_page":"520"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.489300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.489300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.15600000321865082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":0.08500000089406967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physiological-arousal","display_name":"physiological arousal","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-conductance","display_name":"skin conductance","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"heart rate","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiration-rate","display_name":"respiration rate","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desensitization","display_name":"desensitization","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-learning-theory","display_name":"social learning theory","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avoidance-learning","display_name":"avoidance learning","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-responses","display_name":"emotional responses","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8265661001205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36951298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379784","display_name":"Arousal","level":2,"score":0.789279580116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5632925629615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5373116731643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.48539790511131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.436459481716156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.3612111508846283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.29728782176971436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06382778286933899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001143","descriptor_name":"Arousal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005239","descriptor_name":"Fear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005712","descriptor_name":"Galvanic Skin Response","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013315","descriptor_name":"Stress, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/h0026531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121947241","display_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","issn_l":"0021-843X","issn":["0021-843X","1939-1846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:5717351","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5717351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of abnormal psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.409.4146","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.409.4146","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/abn/73/6/513.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81457749","https://openalex.org/W1600569267","https://openalex.org/W1972450477","https://openalex.org/W1989314580","https://openalex.org/W1991402732","https://openalex.org/W1994154028","https://openalex.org/W1998500683","https://openalex.org/W2007921913","https://openalex.org/W2008450643","https://openalex.org/W2008645679","https://openalex.org/W2018774734","https://openalex.org/W2034449743","https://openalex.org/W2039476396","https://openalex.org/W2045009124","https://openalex.org/W2050704176","https://openalex.org/W2053271145","https://openalex.org/W2081048616","https://openalex.org/W2313624764","https://openalex.org/W2394757852","https://openalex.org/W2482376348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970657401","https://openalex.org/W1999816791","https://openalex.org/W2026290838","https://openalex.org/W2292219552","https://openalex.org/W1978226032","https://openalex.org/W3119498868","https://openalex.org/W2048096566","https://openalex.org/W2032688438","https://openalex.org/W2061564430","https://openalex.org/W1983928803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66,119,133],"study":[1],"examined":[2],"the":[3,32,38,49,60,70,74,78,92,105,114,122],"extent":[4],"to":[5,25],"which":[6],"skin":[7],"conductance":[8],"(SC),":[9],"heart":[10],"rate":[11,15],"(HR),":[12],"and":[13,20,34,54,80,107,113,127,138,144],"respiration":[14],"(RR)":[16],"indexes":[17],"indicated":[18,68],"similarities":[19],"differences":[21],"among":[22],"arousal":[23],"patterns":[24],"direct":[26,71,106],"aversive":[27,50],"stimulation,":[28],"observing":[29],"another":[30,90],"experiencing":[31],"situation,":[33],"imagining":[35],"oneself":[36],"in":[37,43,63,101],"situation.":[39,51],"Holding":[40],"one's":[41],"hand":[42],"2":[44],"\u00b0":[45],"C.":[46],"water":[47],"provided":[48],"36":[52,55],"male":[53],"female":[56],"unselected":[57],"undergraduates":[58],"underwent":[59],"3":[61],"experiences":[62,82,109],"balanced":[64],"orders.":[65],"results":[67],"that":[69],"experience":[72,116],"was":[73,96],"most":[75],"arousing,":[76],"but":[77],"imaginative":[79],"vicarious":[81,115],"could":[83],"not":[84],"be":[85],"clearly":[86],"distinguished":[87],"from":[88],"one":[89],"when":[91],"magnitude":[93],"of":[94,121],"change":[95],"considered.":[97],"Qualitative":[98],"differentiation":[99],"appeared":[100],"HR":[102,111],"changes":[103],"with":[104],"imagined":[108],"producing":[110,117],"acceleration":[112],"deceleration.":[118],"implications":[120],"findings":[123],"for":[124],"desensitization":[125],"procedures":[126],"social":[128],"learning":[129],"theory":[130],"were":[131],"discussed.":[132],"process":[134],"whereby":[135],"emotional":[136],"responses":[137],"avoidance":[139],"behaviors":[140],"are":[141],"learned,":[142],"maintained,":[143],"eliminated":[145],"has":[146],"been":[147],"studied":[148],"extensively":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
