{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004592016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00236561003729693","title":"\u2018Low-road Americanization\u2019 and the global \u2018McJob\u2019: a longitudinal analysis of work, pay and unionization in the international fast-food industry","display_name":"\u2018Low-road Americanization\u2019 and the global \u2018McJob\u2019: a longitudinal analysis of work, pay and unionization in the international fast-food industry","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004592016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00236561003729693","mag":"2004592016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00236561003729693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00236561003729693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00236561003729693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176330965","display_name":"Labor History","issn_l":"0023-656X","issn":["0023-656X","1469-9702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-4","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Labor History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13715","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083022602","display_name":"Tony Royle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-4170","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-4170"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","display_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","ror":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tony Royle","raw_affiliation_strings":["J.E. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland, Galway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J.E. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland, Galway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083022602"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93068351,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"2","first_page":"249","last_page":"270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.6869999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.6869999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.26249998807907104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12490","display_name":"Software Engineering and Design Patterns","score":0.01590000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mcdonald-s","display_name":"McDonald's","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-food-industry","display_name":"fast food industry","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multinational-corporations","display_name":"multinational corporations","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unionization","display_name":"unionization","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-bargaining","display_name":"collective bargaining","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-inequality","display_name":"wage inequality","score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-conditions","display_name":"working conditions","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insecure-work","display_name":"insecure work","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-country-institutions","display_name":"host country institutions","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-relations","display_name":"labor relations","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459318","display_name":"Americanization","level":2,"score":0.8239976167678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.7975947260856628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779670817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758424","display_name":"Prerogative","level":3,"score":0.7290784120559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5343747735023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5275675058364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.48752352595329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4673099219799042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38104776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932071","display_name":"Industrial relations","level":2,"score":0.4166121482849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3815651834011078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2279832363128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1895858347415924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.16865161061286926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15036672353744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.09653046727180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00236561003729693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00236561003729693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00236561003729693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176330965","display_name":"Labor History","issn_l":"0023-656X","issn":["0023-656X","1469-9702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-4","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Labor History","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://researchrepository.universityofgalway.ie:10379/13715","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:http://www.rian.ie/158958/","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400033","display_name":"Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","host_organization_name":"Technological University Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aran.library.nuigalway.ie/:10379/13715","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/6166","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401846","display_name":"Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","host_organization_name":"University of Bradford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchrepository.universityofgalway.ie:10379/13715","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"doi:10.13025/26133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13025/26133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13025/26133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402280","display_name":"Research Repository UCD (University College Dublin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","host_organization_name":"University College Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:https://researchrepository.universityofgalway.ie:10379/13715","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W589194386","https://openalex.org/W817326631","https://openalex.org/W1500965962","https://openalex.org/W1584269909","https://openalex.org/W1976808477","https://openalex.org/W1996982639","https://openalex.org/W2020772751","https://openalex.org/W2037687222","https://openalex.org/W2040521884","https://openalex.org/W2047419195","https://openalex.org/W2062617986","https://openalex.org/W2076825919","https://openalex.org/W2077867639","https://openalex.org/W2088389859","https://openalex.org/W2088478189","https://openalex.org/W2104833412","https://openalex.org/W2113652875","https://openalex.org/W2133786527","https://openalex.org/W2231710176","https://openalex.org/W2318938540","https://openalex.org/W2481881498","https://openalex.org/W2484027447","https://openalex.org/W2484519472","https://openalex.org/W2493075140","https://openalex.org/W2495275109","https://openalex.org/W2747706093"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3122576973","https://openalex.org/W1969021684","https://openalex.org/W2088478189","https://openalex.org/W984755477","https://openalex.org/W2484519472","https://openalex.org/W4247788269","https://openalex.org/W7100906826","https://openalex.org/W2488969540","https://openalex.org/W2493075140","https://openalex.org/W3163618005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,15,20,27,44,55,64,96,147],"employment":[4],"practices":[5,65],"of":[6,58,78,98,138,167],"McDonald's":[7],"and":[8,37,80,93,128,131,163],"other":[9],"US-owned":[10],"multinational":[11],"corporations":[12],"(MNCs)":[13],"in":[14,40,43,71,107,172],"global":[16],"fast-food":[17,51],"industry":[18],"from":[19],"1970s":[21],"to":[22],"date.":[23],"It":[24],"focuses":[25],"on":[26,35],"impact":[28,97],"that":[29,49,149],"different":[30,41],"host":[31],"institutions":[32],"have":[33,90,104],"had":[34],"pay":[36],"working":[38,133],"conditions":[39],"countries":[42],"industry.":[45],"The":[46,135],"author":[47],"argues":[48],"US":[50,60],"MNCs":[52],"still":[53],"adopt":[54],"underlying":[56],"principles":[57],"their":[59,72,82],"practices,":[61],"even":[62,85],"if":[63],"themselves":[66],"could":[67],"not":[68],"be":[69,143],"imposed":[70],"entirety,":[73],"often":[74,94],"keeping":[75],"unions":[76],"out":[77],"workplaces":[79],"preserving":[81],"management":[83],"prerogative,":[84],"when":[86],"sector-level":[87],"collective":[88],"agreements":[89],"been":[91,105],"imposed,":[92],"limiting":[95],"such":[99],"agreements.":[100],"Whilst":[101],"some":[102,108],"improvements":[103],"achieved":[106],"countries,":[109,152],"adequate":[110],"representation":[111],"remains":[112],"a":[113,164],"serious":[114],"problem,":[115],"with":[116],"many":[117],"employees":[118],"experiencing":[119],"low":[120],"pay,":[121],"inadequate":[122],"hours,":[123],"insecure":[124],"work,":[125],"unpaid":[126],"hours":[127],"sometimes":[129],"hazardous":[130],"intimidating":[132],"conditions.":[134],"theoretical":[136],"effect":[137],"host-country":[139],"influences":[140],"cannot":[141],"therefore":[142],"automatically":[144],"assumed;":[145],"rather,":[146],"variations":[148],"arise":[150],"across":[151],"while":[153],"indicating":[154],"national":[155,161],"diversity,":[156],"also":[157],"emphasize":[158],"variation":[159],"within":[160],"systems":[162],"limited":[165],"form":[166],"convergence":[168],"or":[169],"\u2018low-road":[170],"Americanization\u2019":[171],"this":[173],"sector.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
