{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004558451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","title":"Cardiac Contractility Modulation in the Treatment of Heart Failure: Initial Results and Unanswered Questions","display_name":"Cardiac Contractility Modulation in the Treatment of Heart Failure: Initial Results and Unanswered Questions","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004558451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","mag":"2004558451","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21511811"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87609158","display_name":"European Journal of Heart Failure","issn_l":"1388-9842","issn":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Heart Failure","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080506258","display_name":"James Winter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-7597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-7597"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802040150","display_name":"Glenfield Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/048a96r61","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802040150","https://openalex.org/I2802445252"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Winter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester , Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester , Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069604755","display_name":"Kieran E. Brack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8100-8949","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8100-8949"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802040150","display_name":"Glenfield Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/048a96r61","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802040150","https://openalex.org/I2802445252"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kieran E. Brack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester , Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester , Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015240983","display_name":"G. Andr\u00e9 Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5965-0671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5965-0671"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802040150","display_name":"Glenfield Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/048a96r61","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802040150","https://openalex.org/I2802445252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34931013","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34931013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129041","display_name":"NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/03ke6rf22","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889","https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802445252","https://openalex.org/I34931013","https://openalex.org/I4210129041","https://openalex.org/I4210166781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Andr\u00e9 Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester , Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital Leicester LE3 9QP UK","Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease Glenfield Hospital Leicester LE3 9QP UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester , Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester, LE3 9QP ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802040150","https://openalex.org/I4210129041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital Leicester LE3 9QP UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease Glenfield Hospital Leicester LE3 9QP UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802040150","https://openalex.org/I34931013","https://openalex.org/I4210129041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015240983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2802040150","https://openalex.org/I34931013","https://openalex.org/I4210129041"],"apc_list":{"value":5300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4753,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42555641,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"7","first_page":"700","last_page":"710"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10598","display_name":"Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10598","display_name":"Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10675","display_name":"Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-contractility-modulation","display_name":"cardiac contractility modulation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure","display_name":"heart failure","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-stimulation","display_name":"electrical stimulation","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-refractory-period","display_name":"cardiac refractory period","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-pacing","display_name":"cardiac pacing","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism-of-action","display_name":"mechanism of action","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-treatment","display_name":"heart failure treatment","score":0.41999998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8604916930198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39133596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165683","display_name":"Contractility","level":2,"score":0.8523932695388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.7965134382247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70616116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1736732","display_name":"Refractory period","level":2,"score":0.6042123436927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5042952299118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.5002951622009277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4438871443271637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.4173380434513092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.33574146032333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002302","descriptor_name":"Cardiac Output","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002304","descriptor_name":"Cardiac Pacing, Artificial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002316","descriptor_name":"Cardiotonic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009200","descriptor_name":"Myocardial Contraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009206","descriptor_name":"Myocardium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87609158","display_name":"European Journal of Heart Failure","issn_l":"1388-9842","issn":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Heart Failure","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21511811","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21511811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European journal of heart failure","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/23652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2381/23652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402365","display_name":"Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","host_organization_name":"University of Leicester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5729984069","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PG/08/039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319992","funder_display_name":"British Heart Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319992","display_name":"British Heart Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02wdwnk04"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25460715","https://openalex.org/W52877415","https://openalex.org/W152896745","https://openalex.org/W1605393884","https://openalex.org/W1734776345","https://openalex.org/W1779110493","https://openalex.org/W1969639902","https://openalex.org/W1981884097","https://openalex.org/W1992024216","https://openalex.org/W1997268902","https://openalex.org/W2010344791","https://openalex.org/W2014165069","https://openalex.org/W2017071823","https://openalex.org/W2018277662","https://openalex.org/W2027265490","https://openalex.org/W2031233485","https://openalex.org/W2039423379","https://openalex.org/W2040003420","https://openalex.org/W2046238794","https://openalex.org/W2046820917","https://openalex.org/W2050824263","https://openalex.org/W2058814541","https://openalex.org/W2073892964","https://openalex.org/W2080482562","https://openalex.org/W2091510555","https://openalex.org/W2100790342","https://openalex.org/W2119706727","https://openalex.org/W2121761723","https://openalex.org/W2122189300","https://openalex.org/W2123778449","https://openalex.org/W2125322044","https://openalex.org/W2127611198","https://openalex.org/W2128439687","https://openalex.org/W2129207505","https://openalex.org/W2129423973","https://openalex.org/W2142100237","https://openalex.org/W2143842795","https://openalex.org/W2146661449","https://openalex.org/W2147724201","https://openalex.org/W2153809726","https://openalex.org/W2154370947","https://openalex.org/W2156291625","https://openalex.org/W2170132796","https://openalex.org/W2248011193","https://openalex.org/W2267421515","https://openalex.org/W2291549761","https://openalex.org/W2319534362","https://openalex.org/W2323458614","https://openalex.org/W2335956143","https://openalex.org/W2409429223","https://openalex.org/W2415288037","https://openalex.org/W2592882315","https://openalex.org/W4237745087","https://openalex.org/W6639386859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202174243","https://openalex.org/W7128780161","https://openalex.org/W4381245389","https://openalex.org/W4415689270","https://openalex.org/W4294368309","https://openalex.org/W2356260288","https://openalex.org/W4385264000","https://openalex.org/W3080245480","https://openalex.org/W4392104890","https://openalex.org/W2138869252"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,46],"our":[3],"understanding":[4],"of":[5,8,20,27,70,85,90],"the":[6,24,28,71],"pathology":[7],"heart":[9],"failure":[10],"modern":[11],"conventional":[12],"pharmacological":[13],"therapies":[14],"have":[15],"proved":[16],"insufficient.":[17],"The":[18,51],"application":[19],"electrical":[21,95],"impulses":[22],"during":[23],"refractory":[25],"period":[26],"cardiac":[29,33],"contractile":[30],"cycle,":[31],"so-called":[32],"contractility":[34],"modulation":[35],"(CCM),":[36],"presents":[37],"a":[38,67],"new":[39],"therapeutic":[40],"approach":[41],"with":[42,61,80,92],"promising":[43],"results":[44],"demonstrated":[45],"clinical":[47,74],"trials":[48],"to":[49,78],"date.":[50],"mechanism":[52],"by":[53],"which":[54],"CCM":[55,75],"exerts":[56],"its":[57],"effects":[58],"remains":[59],"inconclusive":[60],"conflicting":[62],"reports.":[63],"This":[64],"article":[65],"provides":[66],"concise":[68],"review":[69],"experimental":[72],"and":[73,87],"studies":[76],"conducted":[77],"date":[79],"particular":[81],"focus":[82],"on":[83],"areas":[84],"controversy":[86],"unexplored":[88],"avenues":[89],"interest":[91],"this":[93],"novel":[94],"therapy.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
