{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004526783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2137776","title":"The Microeconomics of the AIDS Epidemic in Africa","display_name":"The Microeconomics of the AIDS Epidemic in Africa","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004526783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2137776","mag":"2004526783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2137776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2137776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2137776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32314625","display_name":"Population and Development Review","issn_l":"0098-7921","issn":["0098-7921","1728-4457"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population and Development Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068375254","display_name":"Tomas Philipson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomas Philipson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045732747","display_name":"Richard A. Posner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard A. Posner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"835","last_page":"835"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14334","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses","score":0.5878999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14334","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses","score":0.5878999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.4092000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13586","display_name":"HIV, TB, and STIs Epidemiology","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-aids-epidemic","display_name":"HIV/AIDS epidemic","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-and-eastern-africa","display_name":"Eastern and Central Africa","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterosexual-hiv-transmission","display_name":"heterosexual transmission","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-prostitution","display_name":"female prostitution","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-taking","display_name":"risk-taking","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-choice","display_name":"rational choice","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-transmission-routes","display_name":"HIV transmission routes","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-prevention-policy","display_name":"HIV prevention policy","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-transfusion-transmission","display_name":"blood transfusion transmission","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mother-to-child-transmission","display_name":"mother-to-child transmission","score":0.9290000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6334762573242188}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2137776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2137776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2137776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32314625","display_name":"Population and Development Review","issn_l":"0098-7921","issn":["0098-7921","1728-4457"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population and Development Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149554265","https://openalex.org/W7096574816","https://openalex.org/W1989114989","https://openalex.org/W2204192892","https://openalex.org/W2067766620","https://openalex.org/W4298075795","https://openalex.org/W2171462345","https://openalex.org/W2278380442","https://openalex.org/W122257907","https://openalex.org/W1922091143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,84,233],"authors":[1,85],"in":[2,17,24,42,57,64,66,91,102,116,119,130,154,188,193,229,245],"their":[3],"book":[4],"on":[5],"the":[6,14,22,25,30,69,74,81,88,128,131,136,149,152,178,191,194,215,252],"AIDS":[7,15,51,110],"epidemic":[8,31,90],"Private":[9],"Choices":[10],"and":[11,27,93,105,121,135,177,201,214],"Public":[12],"Health:":[13],"Epidemic":[16],"an":[18,196,208],"Economic":[19],"Perspective":[20],"emphasized":[21],"role":[23],"spread":[26,150],"control":[28],"of":[29,32,60,138,151,166,180,199,211,217,235],"voluntary":[33],"rational":[34],"choice":[35],"to":[36,73,127,162,184,190,225,240],"engage":[37],"or":[38],"refrain":[39],"from":[40,174,182],"engaging":[41],"risky":[43],"activities.":[44],"Although":[46],"they":[47],"were":[48],"aware":[49],"that":[50,100],"is":[52,111,160,222],"a":[53,58],"more":[54,113],"serious":[55],"problem":[56],"number":[59,234],"developing":[61],"countries":[62,65],"especially":[63,101],"sub-Saharan":[67],"Africa":[68],"analysis":[70],"was":[71],"limited":[72],"developed":[75],"world":[76],"with":[77,220],"particular":[78],"emphasis":[79],"upon":[80],"US.":[82],"now":[86],"consider":[87],"HIV-1":[89],"Central":[92],"Eastern":[94],"Africa.":[95,155,246],"Available":[97],"data":[98],"indicate":[99],"large":[103],"cities":[104],"along":[106],"major":[107],"transportation":[108],"routes":[109,147],"far":[112],"prevalent":[114],"than":[115],"comparable":[117],"settings":[118],"Europe":[120],"North":[122],"America.":[123],"In":[125],"contrast":[126,189],"situation":[129,192],"US":[132,195],"homosexual":[133],"relations":[134],"sharing":[137],"hypodermic":[139],"needles":[140],"by":[141],"IV":[142],"drug":[143],"users":[144],"are":[145,203,207,255],"minor":[146],"for":[148,164,251],"disease":[153,212],"Instead":[157],"heterosexual":[158],"intercourse":[159],"estimated":[161],"account":[163],"93%":[165],"all":[167],"adult":[168],"cases":[169,172],"while":[170],"other":[171],"stem":[173],"blood":[175],"transfusions":[176],"transmission":[179],"HIV":[181,221,237],"mother":[183],"fetus.":[185],"Also":[187],"equal":[197],"proportion":[198],"men":[200],"women":[202],"infected;":[204],"female":[205],"prostitutes":[206],"important":[209],"source":[210],"transmission;":[213],"likelihood":[216],"being":[218],"infected":[219],"positively":[223],"related":[224],"income":[226],"at":[227],"least":[228],"urban":[230],"areas.":[231],"new":[236],"infections":[238],"appears":[239],"not":[241],"have":[242],"yet":[243],"peaked":[244],"Potential":[248],"policy":[249],"interventions":[250],"African":[253],"setting":[254],"discussed.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
