{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004502907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0927","title":"Using High-Fidelity Multibody Vehicle Models in Real-Time Simulations","display_name":"Using High-Fidelity Multibody Vehicle Models in Real-Time Simulations","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004502907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0927","mag":"2004502907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4271/2012-01-0927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0927","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103615413","display_name":"William C. Prescott","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Crego Prescott","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMS International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMS International","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056490754","display_name":"Gert H. K. Heirman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gert Heirman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Katholieke Universiteit Leuven"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Matthew furman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew furman","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMS International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMS International","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074574720","display_name":"Joris De Cuyper","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joris De Cuyper","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMS International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMS International","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021285081","display_name":"Ludger Dragon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891521709","display_name":"Daimler (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m0j3d84","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ludger Dragon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daimler AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daimler AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010631989","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Lippeck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891521709","display_name":"Daimler (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m0j3d84","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Lippeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daimler AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daimler AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088943498","display_name":"Horst Brauner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891521709","display_name":"Daimler (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m0j3d84","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Horst Brauner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daimler AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daimler AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.706,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8799439,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.45239999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.45239999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13286","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation Systems","score":0.3668999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.1462000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multibody-simulation","display_name":"multibody simulation","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-simulation","display_name":"real-time simulation","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-in-the-loop-simulation","display_name":"hardware-in-the-loop","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-reduction","display_name":"model reduction","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suspension-compliance","display_name":"suspension compliance","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lookup-tables","display_name":"look-up table","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-time-integration","display_name":"implicit time integration","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"parallel computing","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-control-systems","display_name":"vehicle control systems","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ride-comfort","display_name":"ride comfort","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-handling","display_name":"vehicle handling","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-durability","display_name":"vehicle durability","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-design-process","display_name":"automotive design process","score":0.47999998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67865112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1917564","display_name":"Multibody system","level":2,"score":0.7269934415817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6107720136642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.5695003271102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113364801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26674","display_name":"High fidelity","level":2,"score":0.5453587770462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.5297131538391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.34394338726997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18833154439926147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11142197251319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4271/2012-01-0927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0927","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41341799","https://openalex.org/W1548645842","https://openalex.org/W1976838132","https://openalex.org/W2077065342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329935518","https://openalex.org/W2094919819","https://openalex.org/W2048950677","https://openalex.org/W2165476546","https://openalex.org/W2213510035","https://openalex.org/W2744419788","https://openalex.org/W7095486828","https://openalex.org/W7052297864","https://openalex.org/W2523487193","https://openalex.org/W2322023913"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"or":[1,81,126,185,335],"virtual":[2],"prototyping":[3],"by":[4,150,207,329],"means":[5],"of":[6,16,71,79,112,116,155,176,188,193,195,278,294,317,332,345,361,372,406],"a":[7,13,68,254,381,387,403,425],"multibody":[8],"simulation":[9,143,391],"model":[10,23,40,73,128,146,159,181,200,229,233,242,262,273],"(MBS)":[11],"is":[12,24,65,102,264,285,308,327,396],"standard":[14],"part":[15],"the":[17,38,59,75,88,110,113,124,145,158,179,198,203,217,224,227,231,235,240,248,258,271,279,312,324,330,340,358,362,366,370,416],"automotive":[18,445],"design":[19,76,91],"process.":[20],"A":[21,141],"high-fidelity":[22,125,301],"built":[25,37],"and":[26,77,153,206,211,230,260,365,437],"often":[27,182],"correlated":[28],"against":[29],"test":[30],"data":[31],"to":[32,58,66,94,104,134,147,164,252,266,269,304,310,314,351,379,419,442],"increase":[33],"its":[34],"accuracy.":[35],"Once":[36],"MBS":[39,60,180,199,228,241,259,272,302,422,433],"can":[41,429],"then":[42,438],"be":[43,135,148,267],"used":[44,86,136],"for":[45,74,109],"high":[46],"fidelity":[47],"analysis":[48],"in":[49,87,96,137,197,239,247,274,283,357,376,389,399,435],"ride":[50],"comfort,":[51],"handling":[52],"as":[53,55],"well":[54],"durability.":[56],"Next":[57],"model,":[61],"current":[62],"industry":[63],"practice":[64],"develop":[67],"reduced":[69,114,162],"degree":[70,115],"freedom":[72,117,156,177,196],"validation":[78],"control":[80,89],"intelligent":[82],"systems.":[83],"The":[84,107,190,281,343],"models":[85,118,170,303,323,434],"system":[90],"are":[92,243],"required":[93],"execute":[95,131,165,270,430],"hardware-in-the-loop":[97],"(HIL)":[98],"simulations":[99],"where":[100],"it":[101,263,307,349,401],"necessary":[103,265,309,418],"run":[105,305],"real-time.":[106,166],"reason":[108],"creation":[111],"so":[119],"far":[120],"has":[121,160],"been":[122,161],"that":[123,237,400,428],"off-line":[127],"does":[129],"not":[130,212,244,397],"fast":[132],"enough":[133,163],"an":[138,393,421,443],"HIL":[139,142],"simulation.":[140],"requires":[144],"simplified":[149],"removing":[151],"bodies":[152,205,356,364],"degrees":[154,175,187,194],"until":[157],"Typically,":[167],"real-time":[168,232,249,261,275,306,322,377,390,436],"vehicle":[169],"contain":[171,183],"about":[172],"15":[173],"independent":[174],"while":[178],"50":[184],"more":[186],"freedom.":[189],"large":[191],"number":[192],"arises":[201],"from":[202],"suspension":[204,218,325,341,363],"including":[208],"compliant":[209],"elements":[210],"just":[213],"kinematic":[214],"constraints":[215],"between":[216,226,257],"bodies.":[219],"This":[220,385,412],"reduction":[221],"process":[222],"weakens":[223],"connection":[225,256],"with":[234,355],"result":[236],"parameters":[238,353],"directly":[245],"available":[246],"model.":[250,280],"Therefore,":[251],"maintain":[253,380],"tight":[255],"able":[268],"without":[276],"simplification":[277],"trend":[282],"computing":[284],"toward":[286],"parallel":[287],"processing":[288],"on":[289],"shared-memory":[290],"processors":[291],"(SMP)":[292],"instead":[293],"ever":[295],"faster":[296],"clock":[297],"speeds.":[298],"To":[299],"get":[300],"adapt":[311],"solution":[313,378],"take":[315],"advantage":[316],"multiple":[318],"cores.":[319],"In":[320],"most":[321],"compliance":[326,367],"modeled":[328],"generation":[331],"look-up":[333,346],"tables":[334,347],"elasto-kinematic":[336],"maps,":[337],"which":[338],"replace":[339],"geometry.":[342],"use":[344,371],"makes":[348],"difficult":[350],"change":[352],"associated":[354],"suspension.":[359],"Inclusion":[360],"will":[368,414],"require":[369],"implicit":[373,394],"integration":[374],"techniques":[375,441],"reasonable":[382],"step":[383],"size.":[384],"presents":[386],"challenge":[388],"since":[392],"solver":[395,423,427],"deterministic":[398,426],"takes":[402],"different":[404],"amount":[405],"CPU":[407],"time":[408,410],"per":[409],"step.":[411],"paper":[413],"document":[415],"changes":[417],"convert":[420],"into":[424],"much":[431],"larger":[432],"apply":[439],"these":[440],"industrial":[444],"example.":[446]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
