{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004332604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/207718","title":"Freedom as Fact and Criterion","display_name":"Freedom as Fact and Criterion","publication_year":1929,"publication_date":"1929-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004332604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/207718","mag":"2004332604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/207718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/207718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/207718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184849641","display_name":"Ethics","issn_l":"0014-1704","issn":["0014-1704","1526-422X","1539-297X","1556-4444","1937-433X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113974750","display_name":"Frank Hyneman Knight","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank H. Knight","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113974750"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"129","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10718","display_name":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","score":0.040800001472234726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11997","display_name":"Free Will and Agency","score":0.012299999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freedom","display_name":"freedom","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-of-freedom","display_name":"concept of freedom","score":0.4269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39698466658592224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.383952796459198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/207718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/207718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/207718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184849641","display_name":"Ethics","issn_l":"0014-1704","issn":["0014-1704","1526-422X","1539-297X","1556-4444","1937-433X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1086/intejethi.39.2.2377742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/intejethi.39.2.2377742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/intejethi.39.2.2377742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184849641","display_name":"Ethics","issn_l":"0014-1704","issn":["0014-1704","1526-422X","1539-297X","1556-4444","1937-433X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073473270","https://openalex.org/W2025137724","https://openalex.org/W2010375429","https://openalex.org/W4250743335","https://openalex.org/W1993048956","https://openalex.org/W1977310052","https://openalex.org/W1975369857","https://openalex.org/W1969488721","https://openalex.org/W2082215907","https://openalex.org/W2072959079"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}