{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004305656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701397932","title":"Prevalence of tobacco use in Eritrea: Results from a noncommunicable disease risk factor survey","display_name":"Prevalence of tobacco use in Eritrea: Results from a noncommunicable disease risk factor survey","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004305656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701397932","mag":"2004305656","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17577807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14622200701397932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701397932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701397932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62426309","display_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","issn_l":"1462-2203","issn":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087849488","display_name":"Jacob Mufunda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8556-6721","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8556-6721"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Mufunda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of Medicine, Asmara, Eritrea. mufunda@yahoo.com","Orotta School of Medicine, Asmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of Medicine, Asmara, Eritrea. mufunda@yahoo.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of Medicine, Asmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013118967","display_name":"Amanuel Debesay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amanuel Debesay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071863651","display_name":"Asgedom Mosazghi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asgedom Mosazghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of HealthState of Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of HealthState of Eritrea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111449304","display_name":"Peter M Nyarango","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Nyarango","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113560201","display_name":"Abdulmumini Usman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulmumini Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066094318","display_name":"Goitom Mebrahtu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Goitom Mebrahtu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of HealthState of Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of HealthState of Eritrea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025051488","display_name":"Andrew Kosia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Kosia","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010351079","display_name":"M Equbamichael","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mussie Equbamichael","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023800978","display_name":"Emanuel Yohannes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emanuel Yohannes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090956436","display_name":"Yohannes Ghebrat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yohannes Ghebrat","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086414017","display_name":"Estifanos Paulos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Estifanos Paulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sergio Rizzo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Rizzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization Eritrea Country Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000341840","display_name":"Myra Masjuan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myra Masjuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109901121","display_name":"Andemariam Gebremichael","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86539363","display_name":"University of Asmara","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzdj42","country_code":"ER","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}],"countries":["ER"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andemariam Gebremichael","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orotta School of MedicineAsmara, Eritrea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86539363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5392,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1525983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"777","last_page":"779"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12816","display_name":"Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-prevalence","display_name":"smoking prevalence","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eritrea","display_name":"Eritrea","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-communicable-diseases","display_name":"non-communicable diseases","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk-factors","display_name":"cardiovascular risk factors","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences-in-smoking","display_name":"sex differences in smoking","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences-in-smoking","display_name":"age differences in smoking","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-affiliation","display_name":"religious affiliation","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.6859999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7680941820144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019190695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Tobacco use","level":3,"score":0.751772403717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.7274620532989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993680756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7242345","display_name":"Smoking prevalence","level":3,"score":0.5547757744789124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5269903540611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186079640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719602","display_name":"Prevalence","level":3,"score":0.5171613097190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.5157532691955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5032958388328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.34455370903015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.07640543580055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014029","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Use Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014029","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Use Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014029","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Use Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015438","descriptor_name":"Health Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015438","descriptor_name":"Health Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015438","descriptor_name":"Health Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019017","descriptor_name":"Eritrea","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019017","descriptor_name":"Eritrea","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019017","descriptor_name":"Eritrea","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14622200701397932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701397932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701397932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62426309","display_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","issn_l":"1462-2203","issn":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17577807","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17577807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559813904","https://openalex.org/W1988237233","https://openalex.org/W2022142338","https://openalex.org/W2087319512","https://openalex.org/W2133171545","https://openalex.org/W2142173203","https://openalex.org/W2245162367","https://openalex.org/W2324078168"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2769350850","https://openalex.org/W3147695712","https://openalex.org/W1976114418","https://openalex.org/W2420953640","https://openalex.org/W2009548393","https://openalex.org/W4285308194","https://openalex.org/W20078550","https://openalex.org/W2004305656","https://openalex.org/W2788452331","https://openalex.org/W3155593965"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,34,47,74,108,130],"prevalence":[1,41,75,86,109],"of":[2,18,42,67,76,106,110,132],"noncommunicable":[3],"diseases":[4],"in":[5,32,45,59,79,100],"Eritrea":[6],"is":[7,11,150],"increasing.":[8],"Tobacco":[9],"use":[10,31,149],"a":[12,62],"recognized":[13],"risk":[14],"factor":[15],"for":[16,55],"most":[17],"these":[19],"diseases,":[20],"especially":[21],"cardiovascular":[22],"disease.":[23],"No":[24],"data":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27],"published":[28],"on":[29,61,142],"tobacco":[30,43,77,111,133,148,159],"Eritrea.":[33,46],"present":[35],"study":[36,141],"sought":[37],"to":[38,152,158],"establish":[39],"the":[40,56,80,85,154,162],"smoking":[44,78,112,160],"World":[48],"Health":[49],"Organization":[50],"STEPwise":[51],"approach":[52],"was":[53,83,87,113],"used":[54,136],"survey,":[57],"conducted":[58],"2004":[60],"random":[63],"national":[64],"sample":[65],"size":[66],"2,460":[68],"subjects":[69],"(response":[70],"rate":[71],"=":[72],"93.7%).":[73],"general":[81],"population":[82],"8.1%;":[84],"15%":[88],"among":[89,94,115,123,161],"men,":[90],"compared":[91],"with":[92],"0.6%":[93],"women.":[95],"Prevalence":[96],"rates":[97],"were":[98],"higher":[99,114],"those":[101],"older":[102],"than":[103,118,127],"45":[104],"years":[105],"age.":[107],"Muslims":[116],"(11.4%)":[117],"Orthodox":[119],"Christians":[120],"(5.8%),":[121],"and":[122,145],"alcohol":[124],"drinkers":[125],"(10.2%)":[126],"nondrinkers":[128],"(6.6%).":[129],"majority":[131],"users":[134],"(89.3%)":[135],"commercially":[137],"available":[138],"cigarettes.":[139],"A":[140],"knowledge,":[143],"attitudes,":[144],"practices":[146],"regarding":[147],"needed":[151],"determine":[153],"behavioral":[155],"factors":[156],"leading":[157],"vulnerable":[163],"groups.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}