{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004284743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","title":"The Saccharification of Hazelnut Husks to Produce Bioethanol","display_name":"The Saccharification of Hazelnut Husks to Produce Bioethanol","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004284743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","mag":"2004284743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188153","display_name":"Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects","issn_l":"1556-7036","issn":["1556-7036","1556-7230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11424/94672","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Ceylan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Ceylan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Marmara University, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y-Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Marmara University, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y-Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014000838","display_name":"Semra \u00dcnal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-9611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-9611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. \u00dcnal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Marmara University, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y-Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Marmara University, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y-Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4734,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63969719,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"9","first_page":"972","last_page":"979"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11009","display_name":"Catalysis for Biomass Conversion","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazelnut-husk","display_name":"hazelnut husk","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saccharification","display_name":"saccharification","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioethanol-production","display_name":"bioethanol production","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acid-hydrolysis","display_name":"acid hydrolysis","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfuric-acid","display_name":"sulfuric acid","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fermentable-sugars","display_name":"fermentable sugars","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar-yield","display_name":"sugar yield","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignocellulosic-biomass","display_name":"lignocellulosic biomass","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabinose","display_name":"arabinose","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose","display_name":"glucose","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mannose","display_name":"mannose","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xylose","display_name":"xylose","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fermentability","display_name":"fermentability","score":0.7260000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75296557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14524280","display_name":"Husk","level":2,"score":0.9142372608184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11002","display_name":"Sugar","level":2,"score":0.7428735494613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780294150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66589603","display_name":"Xylose","level":3,"score":0.741750180721283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7094138860702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.6921077370643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94412978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103135","display_name":"Hydrolysis","level":2,"score":0.6079621315002441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.5768266916275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100544194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41760","display_name":"Fermentation","level":2,"score":0.517583966255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776084176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71240623","display_name":"Arabinose","level":4,"score":0.44118720293045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777580618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421982","display_name":"Reducing sugar","level":3,"score":0.4304535984992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027534","display_name":"Sucrose","level":2,"score":0.41091302037239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.40841546654701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2384604811668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.21023014187812805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.19195914268493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10721927881240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.601794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188153","display_name":"Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects","issn_l":"1556-7036","issn":["1556-7036","1556-7230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.marmara.edu.tr:11424/238311","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11424/238311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401380","display_name":"Dspace Repository (Marmara \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","host_organization_name":"Marmara University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.marmara.edu.tr:11424/94672","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11424/94672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401380","display_name":"Dspace Repository (Marmara \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","host_organization_name":"Marmara University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.marmara.edu.tr:11424/94672","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11424/94672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401380","display_name":"Dspace Repository (Marmara \u00dcniversitesi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","host_organization_name":"Marmara University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6735000014305115,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7890804603","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BSE-071/131102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325078","funder_display_name":"Marmara \u00dcniversitesi"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325078","display_name":"Marmara \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520886908","https://openalex.org/W1969889649","https://openalex.org/W1984521652","https://openalex.org/W1984759071","https://openalex.org/W1987049390","https://openalex.org/W1991193571","https://openalex.org/W1994361257","https://openalex.org/W2009674410","https://openalex.org/W2010856789","https://openalex.org/W2021506230","https://openalex.org/W2031783597","https://openalex.org/W2034222326","https://openalex.org/W2036443131","https://openalex.org/W2037560771","https://openalex.org/W2053245508","https://openalex.org/W2073036955","https://openalex.org/W2080715303","https://openalex.org/W2082067748","https://openalex.org/W2086412709","https://openalex.org/W2088635377","https://openalex.org/W2107536056","https://openalex.org/W4232084219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2510734422","https://openalex.org/W2160992667","https://openalex.org/W2018662142","https://openalex.org/W4242082306","https://openalex.org/W2084592217","https://openalex.org/W1967086378","https://openalex.org/W2102469838","https://openalex.org/W1973248560","https://openalex.org/W1968592917","https://openalex.org/W4244192787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biofuels":[0],"have":[1],"been":[2],"produced":[3],"industrially":[4],"by":[5],"fermentation":[6],"of":[7,21,49,57,63,97,118,141],"sugars":[8],"derived":[9],"from":[10],"wheat,":[11],"corn,":[12],"sugar":[13,15,95,116],"beets,":[14],"cane,":[16],"and":[17,23,39,84,111,133],"molasses.":[18],"But":[19],"because":[20],"economic":[22],"environmental":[24],"issues":[25],"an":[26],"efficient":[27],"substrate":[28],"must":[29],"be":[30,138],"used":[31,45],"for":[32,60,73],"bioethanol":[33],"production.":[34],"Hazelnut":[35,66],"husk,":[36],"a":[37],"renewable":[38],"low-cost":[40],"natural":[41],"recourse,":[42],"is":[43],"not":[44],"industrially.":[46],"The":[47,93,115],"objective":[48],"this":[50],"study":[51],"was":[52,101,124,144],"to":[53,137],"examine":[54],"the":[55,61,119,142],"saccharification":[56],"hazelnut":[58,122],"husk":[59],"production":[62],"fermentable":[64],"sugars.":[65],"husks":[67,123],"were":[68,135],"treated":[69],"with":[70,78,103],"sulphuric":[71],"acid":[72,80,109,120],"varying":[74,79],"periods":[75],"(30\u201390":[76],"min),":[77],"concentrations":[81,86],"(1\u20135%,":[82],"w/w)":[83],"sample":[85,113],"(1/5,":[87],"1/10,":[88],"1/15,":[89],"1/20":[90,112],"solid/liquid":[91],"ratio).":[92],"maximum":[94],"yield":[96],"18.63":[98],"\u00b1":[99],"0.51%":[100],"obtained":[102],"90":[104],"min":[105],"incubation":[106],"time,":[107],"4%":[108],"concentration,":[110],"concentration.":[114],"composition":[117],"hydrolyzed":[121],"analyzed":[125],"using":[126],"thin":[127],"layer":[128],"chromatography.":[129],"Arabinose,":[130],"glucose,":[131],"mannose,":[132],"xylose":[134],"found":[136],"present.":[139],"Fermentability":[140],"hyrolysate":[143],"also":[145],"tested.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}