{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004249286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","title":"Book: Inequalities in Health: The Evidence The Widening Gap: Health Inequalities and Policy in Britain","display_name":"Book: Inequalities in Health: The Evidence The Widening Gap: Health Inequalities and Policy in Britain","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004249286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","mag":"2004249286","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10775247","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1127276"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192814187","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0959-8138","issn":["0959-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1127276","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002887134","display_name":"Johan P Mackenbach","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","display_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/057w15z03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J P Mackenbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002887134"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92622784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"320","issue":"7242","first_page":"1151","last_page":"1151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.8945000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.8945000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.10350000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13022","display_name":"Health and Medical Studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-policy","display_name":"health policy","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-determinants-of-health","display_name":"social determinants of health","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-minorities","display_name":"ethnic minorities","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-health","display_name":"child health","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"mental health","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-health","display_name":"oral health","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrition","display_name":"nutrition","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/housing-and-health","display_name":"housing and health","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/england","display_name":"England","score":0.38600000739097595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67101536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535910","display_name":"George (robot)","level":2,"score":0.681801438331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.6798760890960693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126249665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3146723","display_name":"IMG","level":2,"score":0.5272349715232849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.4738864302635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4528045952320099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3380318880081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3349073827266693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3188440203666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3091096878051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2752545475959778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2721913456916809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16910147666931152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13623598217964172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13231360912322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7242.1151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192814187","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0959-8138","issn":["0959-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1127276","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1127276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10775247","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10775247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:bmj:320/7242/1151","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/320/7242/1151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1127276","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1127276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.46810001134872437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381163768","https://openalex.org/W2130978736","https://openalex.org/W2109062907","https://openalex.org/W3216600500","https://openalex.org/W2170825579","https://openalex.org/W1552412681","https://openalex.org/W4415583137","https://openalex.org/W7095452042","https://openalex.org/W2492683312","https://openalex.org/W435783728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Eds":[0],"David":[1,24],"Gordon,":[2,25],"Mary":[3,20],"Shaw,":[4,21],"Daniel":[5,22],"Dorling,":[6,23],"George":[7,26],"Davey":[8,27],"Smith":[9,28],"Policy":[10,29],"Press,":[11,30],"\u00a318.99,":[12],"pp":[13,32],"272":[14],"ISBN":[15,34],"1":[16,19,35],"86134":[17,36],"174":[18],"\u00a316.99,":[31],"294":[33],"142":[37],"3":[38],"Rating:":[39],"![Graphic][1]":[40],"![Graphic][2]":[41],",":[42],"![Graphic][3]":[43],"![Graphic][4]":[44],"![Graphic][5]":[45],"Inequalities":[46,68],"in":[47,69,80,93,95,97,130,169],"Health":[48],"is":[49,156],"a":[50,118],"useful":[51],"collection":[52],"of":[53,55,120],"state":[54],"the":[56,64,75,89,121,127],"art":[57],"papers,":[58],"written":[59],"by":[60,74,84],"British":[61],"experts":[62],"for":[63,102],"Independent":[65],"Inquiry":[66],"into":[67],"Health.":[70],"The":[71],"inquiry,":[72],"commissioned":[73],"newly":[76],"elected":[77],"Labour":[78],"government":[79],"1997":[81],"and":[82,123,149,171],"chaired":[83],"Sir":[85],"Donald":[86],"Acheson,":[87],"reviewed":[88],"evidence":[90,129],"on":[91,137,177],"inequalities":[92],"health":[94],"England":[96],"order":[98],"to":[99,106,142,147,152,173],"identify":[100],"areas":[101],"policy":[103],"development":[104],"likely":[105],"reduce":[107],"these":[108],"inequalities.":[109],"In":[110,180],"1998":[111],"it":[112],"published":[113],"its":[114,175],"report":[115],"with":[116],"only":[117],"summary":[119],"evidence,":[122],"now":[124],"we":[125],"have":[126],"complete":[128],"our":[131],"hands.":[132],"There":[133],"are":[134],"19":[135],"reports,":[136],"topics":[138],"ranging":[139],"from":[140,145,150],"children":[141],"ethnic":[143],"minorities,":[144],"housing":[146],"nutrition,":[148],"mental":[151],"oral":[153],"health.":[154],"It":[155],"clear":[157],"that":[158],"this":[159],"inquiry":[160],"has":[161],"done":[162],"more":[163],"than":[164],"any":[165],"previous":[166],"commission,":[167],"both":[168],"Britain":[170],"elsewhere,":[172],"base":[174],"recommendations":[176],"scientific":[178],"evidence.":[179],"\u2026":[181],"[1]:":[182],"/embed/inline-graphic-1.gif":[183],"[2]:":[184],"/embed/inline-graphic-2.gif":[185],"[3]:":[186],"/embed/inline-graphic-3.gif":[187],"[4]:":[188],"/embed/inline-graphic-4.gif":[189],"[5]:":[190],"/embed/inline-graphic-5.gif":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}