{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004161933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","title":"Molecular markers reveal differentiation among isolates of Coccidioides immitis from California, Arizona and Texas","display_name":"Molecular markers reveal differentiation among isolates of Coccidioides immitis from California, Arizona and Texas","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004161933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","mag":"2004161933","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9262014"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22454499","display_name":"Molecular Ecology","issn_l":"0962-1083","issn":["0962-1083","1365-294X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018198709","display_name":"Austin Burt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-9640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-9640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Burt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA","Department of Plant Biology; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083806199","display_name":"Bryan M. DeChairo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. M. Dechairo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064398510","display_name":"Gina L. Koenig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. L. Koenig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061314552","display_name":"Dee A. Carter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-0059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-0059"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. A. Carter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091829898","display_name":"T. J. White","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-6380","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-6380"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. J. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave., Alameda, CA 94501, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103131567","display_name":"John William Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-7700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-7700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. W. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103131567"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":{"value":5150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0143,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96433381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"8","first_page":"781","last_page":"786"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11037","display_name":"Fungal Infections and Studies","score":0.6079000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11037","display_name":"Fungal Infections and Studies","score":0.6079000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10012","display_name":"Genetic diversity and population structure","score":0.3813000023365021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12668","display_name":"Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coccidioides-immitis","display_name":"Coccidioides immitis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coccidioidomycosis","display_name":"coccidioidomycosis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-differentiation","display_name":"genetic differentiation","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-flow","display_name":"gene flow","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allele-frequency","display_name":"allele frequency","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism","display_name":"restriction fragment length polymorphism","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilocus-genotyping","display_name":"multilocus genotyping","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-infection-epidemiology","display_name":"fungal epidemiology","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-isolates","display_name":"clinical isolates","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california","display_name":"California","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arizona","display_name":"Arizona","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texas","display_name":"Texas","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139154","display_name":"Coccidioides immitis","level":2,"score":0.9407449960708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8999550342559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781030883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142764","display_name":"Coccidioides","level":2,"score":0.8817187547683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5221736431121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.5086768269538879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.5038623213768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107023163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143089","display_name":"Gene flow","level":4,"score":0.5002076625823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85721925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31151","display_name":"Population genetics","level":3,"score":0.43391260504722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.42517679929733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.302080363035202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.29398274421691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.2048383355140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.10425534844398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001130","descriptor_name":"Arizona","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003045","descriptor_name":"Coccidioides","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003045","descriptor_name":"Coccidioides","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003047","descriptor_name":"Coccidioidomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005819","descriptor_name":"Genetic Markers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013781","descriptor_name":"Texas","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015183","descriptor_name":"Restriction Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017931","descriptor_name":"DNA Primers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018807","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1997.00245.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22454499","display_name":"Molecular Ecology","issn_l":"0962-1083","issn":["0962-1083","1365-294X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9262014","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9262014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular ecology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012036549","https://openalex.org/W4313237415","https://openalex.org/W1572678016","https://openalex.org/W7169757899","https://openalex.org/W2144120214","https://openalex.org/W2399233132","https://openalex.org/W2154342836","https://openalex.org/W7222107957","https://openalex.org/W2065154179","https://openalex.org/W2968943345"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Coccidioides":[0],"immitis":[1],"causes":[2],"coccidioidomycosis,":[3],"a":[4,80,159],"fungal":[5,160],"disease":[6,23],"of":[7,17,33,39,55,83,106,127,158],"both":[8],"immuno-compromised":[9],"and":[10,21,36,60,77,101,134],"otherwise":[11],"healthy":[12],"people;":[13],"it":[14],"is":[15,24],"capable":[16],"causing":[18],"large":[19],"epidemics":[20],"the":[22,31,84,113,121,128,131,139,155],"often":[25],"refractory":[26],"to":[27,153],"chemotherapy.":[28],"To":[29],"quantify":[30],"magnitude":[32],"population":[34],"differentiation":[35],"estimate":[37],"levels":[38,105],"gene":[40],"flow":[41],"in":[42,79,94,112,145],"C.":[43],"immitis,":[44],"multilocus":[45],"genotypes":[46],"were":[47,68],"scored":[48],"for":[49],"20-25":[50],"clinical":[51],"isolates":[52],"from":[53],"each":[54],"Bakersfield":[56],"(California),":[57],"Tucson":[58,85],"(Arizona),":[59],"San":[61,114],"Antonio":[62,115],"(Texas).":[63],"The":[64,87],"molecular":[65],"markers":[66],"used":[67,152],"PCR":[69],"products":[70],"with":[71],"polymorphic":[72],"restriction":[73],"endonuclease":[74],"sites,":[75],"found":[76],"characterized":[78],"previous":[81],"study":[82],"population.":[86],"data":[88],"show":[89],"very":[90,103],"highly":[91],"significant":[92],"differences":[93],"allele":[95,123],"frequencies":[96],"between":[97,108],"all":[98,125],"three":[99],"populations,":[100,133],"suggest":[102],"low":[104],"migration":[107],"populations.":[109],"One":[110],"isolate":[111],"sample":[116],"was":[117],"an":[118],"outlier,":[119],"showing":[120],"California-specific":[122],"at":[124],"four":[126],"loci":[129],"distinguishing":[130],"two":[132],"subsequent":[135],"inquiries":[136],"indicated":[137],"that":[138],"infection":[140],"had":[141],"indeed":[142],"been":[143],"acquired":[144],"California.":[146],"Thus,":[147],"genetic":[148],"information":[149],"can":[150],"be":[151],"infer":[154],"geographical":[156],"origin":[157],"infection.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}