{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004132285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819829","title":"New high-gain detectors for active imaging","display_name":"New high-gain detectors for active imaging","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004132285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819829","mag":"2004132285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.819829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000601700","display_name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Pistone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158043002","display_name":"Sofradir (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j681549","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Pistone","raw_affiliation_strings":["[SOFRADIR, France]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[SOFRADIR, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056276983","display_name":"Philippe M. Tribolet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158043002","display_name":"Sofradir (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j681549","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Tribolet","raw_affiliation_strings":["[SOFRADIR, France]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[SOFRADIR, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074565232","display_name":"Xavier Lefoul","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158043002","display_name":"Sofradir (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j681549","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Lefoul","raw_affiliation_strings":["[SOFRADIR, France]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[SOFRADIR, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090482249","display_name":"M. Z\u00e9cri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158043002","display_name":"Sofradir (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j681549","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Zecri","raw_affiliation_strings":["[SOFRADIR, France]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[SOFRADIR, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043647168","display_name":"Sol\u00e8ne Courtas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158043002","display_name":"Sofradir (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j681549","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Courtas","raw_affiliation_strings":["[SOFRADIR, France]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[SOFRADIR, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038755058","display_name":"Pierre R. Jenouvrier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158043002","display_name":"Sofradir (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j681549","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Jenouvrier","raw_affiliation_strings":["[SOFRADIR, France]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[SOFRADIR, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158043002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037482216","display_name":"Johan Rothman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0916-8961","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0916-8961"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan Rothman","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA LETI-MINATEC (France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA LETI-MINATEC (France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77297533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7298","issue":null,"first_page":"729834","last_page":"729834"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11637","display_name":"Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11637","display_name":"Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hgcdte-avalanche-photodiodes","display_name":"HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-safe-lasers","display_name":"eye-safe lasers","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter-signal","display_name":"backscattered signal","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7383248805999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5708101391792297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5648346543312073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109679912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175932","display_name":"Avalanche photodiode","level":3,"score":0.545275092124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5412177443504333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5090103149414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4966583847999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C751236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175943","display_name":"Photodiode","level":2,"score":0.4826720058917999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4776662290096283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.46225211024284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3032655119895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2836337089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.1382962167263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.819829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963641367","https://openalex.org/W1982123964","https://openalex.org/W2072644726","https://openalex.org/W2004222748","https://openalex.org/W2536489109","https://openalex.org/W2057793883","https://openalex.org/W763611514","https://openalex.org/W2354414304","https://openalex.org/W2000737239","https://openalex.org/W2616203748"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"New":[0],"applications":[1],"require":[2],"high":[3,90],"sensitivity":[4],"infrared":[5,143],"(IR)":[6],"sensors":[7,26,144],"in":[8,20,136,145],"order":[9,50],"to":[10,39,59,62,74,111,116,139],"detect":[11,40],"very":[12,66],"low":[13,141],"incident":[14],"fluxes.":[15],"Laser":[16],"gated":[17],"imaging":[18],"has,":[19],"particular,":[21],"additional":[22],"specific":[23,100],"needs.":[24],"IR":[25],"for":[27],"this":[28],"type":[29],"of":[30,51],"application":[31],"are":[32],"synchronized":[33],"with":[34,64,84],"eye-safe":[35],"lasers,":[36],"and":[37],"have":[38,58,102],"a":[41,65,119,137],"weak":[42],"signal":[43,78],"backscattered":[44,77],"from":[45],"the":[46,49,76,80,107,133,146],"target":[47],"on":[48],"10":[52],"photons":[53],"per":[54],"pulse.":[55],"They":[56],"also":[57],"be":[60],"able":[61],"operate":[63],"short":[67],"integration":[68],"time,":[69],"typically":[70],"one":[71],"hundred":[72],"nanoseconds,":[73],"gate":[75],"around":[79],"target.":[81],"In":[82,98],"partnership":[83],"Sofradir,":[85],"CEA/LETI":[86],"(France)":[87],"has":[88,126],"developed":[89],"quality":[91],"HgCdTe":[92],"avalanche":[93],"photodiodes":[94],"satisfying":[95],"these":[96,117],"requirements.":[97],"parallel,":[99],"studies":[101],"been":[103,127],"carried":[104],"out":[105],"at":[106],"Read-Out":[108],"Circuit":[109],"level":[110],"develop":[112],"optimized":[113],"architectures.":[114],"Thanks":[115],"advances,":[118],"new":[120,130],"Integrated":[121],"Dewar":[122],"Detector":[123],"Cooler":[124],"Assembly":[125],"developed.":[128],"This":[129],"product":[131],"is":[132],"first":[134],"step":[135],"road-map":[138],"address":[140],"flux":[142],"next":[147],"few":[148],"years.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}