{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004105305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","title":"Measuring Contrast Sensitivity Using the M&S Smart System II versus the Pelli-Robson Chart","display_name":"Measuring Contrast Sensitivity Using the M&S Smart System II versus the Pelli-Robson Chart","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004105305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","mag":"2004105305","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24090954"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","pdf_url":"http://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161642013006222/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207341048","display_name":"Ophthalmology","issn_l":"0161-6420","issn":["0161-6420","1549-4713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161642013006222/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035539554","display_name":"Manokaraananthan Chandrakumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7613-0176","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7613-0176"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manokaraananthan Chandrakumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089948504","display_name":"Linda Colpa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-379X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-379X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Colpa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012580978","display_name":"Y. Arun Reginald","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Arun Reginald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020018902","display_name":"Herbert C. Goltz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-754X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-754X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herbert C. Goltz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064989667","display_name":"AGNES M.F. WONG","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0040-4964","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0040-4964"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agnes M.F. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.274,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52340522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"120","issue":"10","first_page":"2160","last_page":"2161.e1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.48190000653266907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.48190000653266907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.3831000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.031099999323487282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-sensitivity","display_name":"contrast sensitivity","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pelli-robson-chart","display_name":"Pelli-Robson chart","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-sensitivity-testing","display_name":"contrast sensitivity testing","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luminance","display_name":"luminance","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-disease-diagnosis","display_name":"eye disease diagnosis","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-function-assessment","display_name":"visual function assessment","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-reliability","display_name":"test reliability","score":0.31299999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8960336446762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.6490285396575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190812933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28923","display_name":"Chart","level":2,"score":0.62026047706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5578175187110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.4061482846736908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.3520064353942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1802881360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17636966705322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012684","descriptor_name":"Sensory Thresholds","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014787","descriptor_name":"Vision Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015350","descriptor_name":"Contrast Sensitivity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","pdf_url":"http://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161642013006222/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207341048","display_name":"Ophthalmology","issn_l":"0161-6420","issn":["0161-6420","1549-4713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24090954","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24090954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.07.022","pdf_url":"http://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161642013006222/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207341048","display_name":"Ophthalmology","issn_l":"0161-6420","issn":["0161-6420","1549-4713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2004105305.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2004105305.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015795623","https://openalex.org/W2020553266","https://openalex.org/W2115894022","https://openalex.org/W2124789365","https://openalex.org/W2465692541","https://openalex.org/W4236443542"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3207809307","https://openalex.org/W751538438","https://openalex.org/W2907689300","https://openalex.org/W1598965288","https://openalex.org/W7164886920","https://openalex.org/W4249601432","https://openalex.org/W2010705601","https://openalex.org/W2031497162","https://openalex.org/W2922533244","https://openalex.org/W3211477889"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}