{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004102485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290005300305","title":"Why the Haves Don't Always Come Out Ahead: Repeat Players Meet Amici CCuriae for the Disadvantaged","display_name":"Why the Haves Don't Always Come Out Ahead: Repeat Players Meet Amici CCuriae for the Disadvantaged","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004102485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290005300305","mag":"2004102485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/106591290005300305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290005300305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290005300305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108349823","display_name":"Political Research Quarterly","issn_l":"1065-9129","issn":["1065-9129","1938-274X","1938-2758"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Research Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041542206","display_name":"Donald R. Songer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald Songer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Of South Carolina","University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002560708","display_name":"Ashlyn Kuersten","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashlyn Kuersten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University","Western MIchigan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western MIchigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064981318","display_name":"Erin B. Kaheny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6254-3164","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6254-3164"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erin Kaheny","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Of South Carolina","University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.3421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9856213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"3","first_page":"537","last_page":"556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11762","display_name":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeat-players","display_name":"repeat players","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amicus-curiae","display_name":"amicus curiae","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-supreme-courts","display_name":"state supreme courts","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-politics","display_name":"judicial politics","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-support","display_name":"group support","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-briefs","display_name":"legal briefs","score":0.45500001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.8408486843109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.7993517518043518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5710346102714539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5547839999198914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5326886773109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5315691232681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.49162107706069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777152325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108163","display_name":"Proposition","level":2,"score":0.46290361881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4136103689670563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3562358021736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2792235016822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/106591290005300305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290005300305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290005300305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108349823","display_name":"Political Research Quarterly","issn_l":"1065-9129","issn":["1065-9129","1938-274X","1938-2758"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Research Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.833299994468689,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566761389","https://openalex.org/W586734939","https://openalex.org/W587465386","https://openalex.org/W1978845419","https://openalex.org/W2008005721","https://openalex.org/W2017622469","https://openalex.org/W2034403182","https://openalex.org/W2037846694","https://openalex.org/W2040506759","https://openalex.org/W2043268528","https://openalex.org/W2044831685","https://openalex.org/W2048156704","https://openalex.org/W2056266477","https://openalex.org/W2066301552","https://openalex.org/W2086033195","https://openalex.org/W2099384497","https://openalex.org/W2108225763","https://openalex.org/W2115787222","https://openalex.org/W2124115396","https://openalex.org/W2137298166","https://openalex.org/W2162307484","https://openalex.org/W2163106914","https://openalex.org/W2166250924","https://openalex.org/W2313834486","https://openalex.org/W2315108003","https://openalex.org/W2317356378","https://openalex.org/W2330574194","https://openalex.org/W2736643333","https://openalex.org/W2737365268","https://openalex.org/W2795504847","https://openalex.org/W2796522335","https://openalex.org/W2797921598","https://openalex.org/W4234355956","https://openalex.org/W4301423023"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366769580","https://openalex.org/W2350227609","https://openalex.org/W3140304255","https://openalex.org/W1546741102","https://openalex.org/W2353368610","https://openalex.org/W2349990005","https://openalex.org/W2385913382","https://openalex.org/W2388183047","https://openalex.org/W19473193","https://openalex.org/W2002810666"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,169],"question":[1],"of":[2,16,23,45,60,65,86,93,123,129,133,137,148,157,179,188,193,203,216,226,263,265],"who":[3,71,267],"wins":[4],"and":[5,83],"loses":[6],"in":[7,20,32,47,79,88,114,126,191,200,221,228],"American":[8],"courts":[9,28],"has":[10],"traditionally":[11],"been":[12],"viewed":[13],"as":[14,77,166],"one":[15],"the":[17,21,38,42,48,55,58,63,104,107,121,127,145,155,176,180,186,201,223,251,261],"central":[18],"questions":[19],"study":[22],"judicial":[24],"politics.":[25],"State":[26],"supreme":[27,81,206],"are":[29,37,72,183],"particularly":[30],"important":[31],"this":[33,51],"regard":[34],"since":[35],"they":[36],"final":[39],"arbiters":[40],"for":[41,103,159],"vast":[43],"majority":[44],"litigation":[46],"nation.":[49],"In":[50,230,249],"article":[52],"we":[53,208],"examine":[54],"relationship":[56],"between":[57],"status":[59],"litigants,":[61],"especially":[62],"comparison":[64],"repeat":[66,124,149,181,270],"player":[67],"\u201chaves\u201d":[68],"to":[69,110,173,259],"oneshotters":[70],"ususally":[73],"\u201chave":[74],"nots,\u2018":[75],"appearing":[76,165],"litigants":[78,150,235,245,266],"state":[80,205],"courts,":[82,207,233],"their":[84,160],"rates":[85],"success":[87,264],"that":[89,106,210],"forum.":[90],"A":[91],"quarter":[92],"a":[94,100,130],"century":[95],"ago,":[96],"Galanter":[97],"(1974)":[98],"made":[99],"compelling":[101],"case":[102],"proposition":[105],"\u2019\u2018haves\u2019":[108],"tend":[109],"come":[111],"out":[112],"ahead":[113],"litigation.\u201d":[115],"Since":[116],"then,":[117],"studies":[118,141],"have":[119,142],"confirmed":[120],"advantages":[122,147,178],"players":[125,182],"context":[128,202],"wide":[131],"variety":[132],"courts.":[134],"But":[135],"none":[136],"these":[138,198],"party":[139],"capability":[140],"considered":[143],"whether":[144],"oft-found":[146],"can":[151],"be":[152],"offset":[153],"by":[154,185,255],"addition":[156],"support":[158,192,212,238,253],"opponents":[161],"from":[162],"organized":[163],"groups":[164],"amici":[167,256],"curiae.":[168],"present":[170],"analysis":[171],"seeks":[172],"explore":[174],"how":[175],"normal":[177,224],"modified":[184],"entry":[187],"amicus":[189,217],"curiae":[190],"one-shot":[194],"disadvantaged":[195,234],"litigants.":[196],"Testing":[197],"ideas":[199],"three":[204,232],"find":[209],"group":[211,237,247],"through":[213],"filing":[214],"briefs":[215],"curiae,":[218],"is":[219],"successful":[220,242],"neutralizing":[222],"advantage":[225],"upperdogs":[227],"court.":[229],"all":[231],"with":[236],"were":[239,268],"substantially":[240],"more":[241],"than":[243],"similar":[244],"without":[246],"support.":[248],"contrast,":[250],"additional":[252],"provided":[254],"did":[257],"little":[258],"increase":[260],"probability":[262],"themselves":[269],"players.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T17:25:34.749102","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}