{"id":"https://openalex.org/W200347956","doi":null,"title":"La superh\u00e9licit\u00e9 de l'ADN comme cible clef de l'adaptation au cours de 20000 g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d'\u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale chez Escherichia coli","display_name":"La superh\u00e9licit\u00e9 de l'ADN comme cible clef de l'adaptation au cours de 20000 g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d'\u00e9volution exp\u00e9rimentale chez Escherichia coli","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W200347956","mag":"200347956"},"language":"fr","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:hdl:10068/795640","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10068/795640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196900","display_name":"OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1295345811","host_organization_name":"Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295345811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"U - Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://theses.hal.science/tel-00128144","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073760155","display_name":"Estelle Crozat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0641-4373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0641-4373"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Estelle Crozat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Adaptation et pathog\u00e9nie des micro-organismes [Grenoble]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0641-4373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Adaptation et pathog\u00e9nie des micro-organismes [Grenoble]","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073760155"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-supercoiling","display_name":"DNA supercoiling","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-adaptation","display_name":"bacterial adaptation","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli","display_name":"Escherichia coli","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-evolution","display_name":"experimental evolution","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fis-protein","display_name":"Fis protein","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topoisomerase-i","display_name":"topoisomerase I","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topa","display_name":"topA","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-evolution","display_name":"parallel evolution","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beneficial-mutations","display_name":"beneficial mutations","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-selection","display_name":"natural selection","score":0.5809999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.622416079044342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6032038927078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.4621620178222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.2143438160419464}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:hdl:10068/795640","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10068/795640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196900","display_name":"OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1295345811","host_organization_name":"Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295345811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"U - Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:tel-00128144v2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.hal.science/tel-00128144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Autre [q-bio.OT]. Universit\u00e9 Joseph-Fourier - Grenoble I, 2007. Fran\u00e7ais. ⟨NNT : ⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"mag:200347956","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00128144","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:tel-00128144v2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.hal.science/tel-00128144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Autre [q-bio.OT]. Universit\u00e9 Joseph-Fourier - Grenoble I, 2007. Fran\u00e7ais. ⟨NNT : ⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":365,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2775817","https://openalex.org/W55299670","https://openalex.org/W100206507","https://openalex.org/W117928536","https://openalex.org/W179386124","https://openalex.org/W286317168","https://openalex.org/W333126874","https://openalex.org/W933782262","https://openalex.org/W965876959","https://openalex.org/W1480307447","https://openalex.org/W1483119117","https://openalex.org/W1486955858","https://openalex.org/W1490220406","https://openalex.org/W1491876634","https://openalex.org/W1493562191","https://openalex.org/W1504072603","https://openalex.org/W1506801511","https://openalex.org/W1509271603","https://openalex.org/W1509665248","https://openalex.org/W1512810258","https://openalex.org/W1513345255","https://openalex.org/W1516666607","https://openalex.org/W1519749633","https://openalex.org/W1520461250","https://openalex.org/W1523985712","https://openalex.org/W1524389067","https://openalex.org/W1526889047","https://openalex.org/W1527006195","https://openalex.org/W1530712661","https://openalex.org/W1534731013","https://openalex.org/W1543999940","https://openalex.org/W1566245339","https://openalex.org/W1574886161","https://openalex.org/W1576156469","https://openalex.org/W1586165461","https://openalex.org/W1586559853","https://openalex.org/W1586781566","https://openalex.org/W1588664883","https://openalex.org/W1602369257","https://openalex.org/W1607839431","https://openalex.org/W1650035715","https://openalex.org/W1662647860","https://openalex.org/W1720245305","https://openalex.org/W1749450568","https://openalex.org/W1753618957","https://openalex.org/W1754378627","https://openalex.org/W1768787945","https://openalex.org/W1804011389","https://openalex.org/W1804262888","https://openalex.org/W1814402876","https://openalex.org/W1817548902","https://openalex.org/W1844067927","https://openalex.org/W1849387884","https://openalex.org/W1853950746","https://openalex.org/W1858539678","https://openalex.org/W1881444469","https://openalex.org/W1882626221","https://openalex.org/W1887714427","https://openalex.org/W1890701869","https://openalex.org/W1893351980","https://openalex.org/W1896379201","https://openalex.org/W1902690430","https://openalex.org/W1907806866","https://openalex.org/W1919756885","https://openalex.org/W1920566578","https://openalex.org/W1924423196","https://openalex.org/W1940645698","https://openalex.org/W1941617849","https://openalex.org/W1947624003","https://openalex.org/W1952540142","https://openalex.org/W1959857562","https://openalex.org/W1965737855","https://openalex.org/W1966668240","https://openalex.org/W1967174711","https://openalex.org/W1969102557","https://openalex.org/W1969114710","https://openalex.org/W1970758164","https://openalex.org/W1971372650","https://openalex.org/W1971425374","https://openalex.org/W1972796096","https://openalex.org/W1972804002","https://openalex.org/W1972979138","https://openalex.org/W1976017651","https://openalex.org/W1976644076","https://openalex.org/W1978073552","https://openalex.org/W1979700870","https://openalex.org/W1980926321","https://openalex.org/W1984360565","https://openalex.org/W1984592234","https://openalex.org/W1984711288","https://openalex.org/W1985041445","https://openalex.org/W1987170498","https://openalex.org/W1988551302","https://openalex.org/W1988621347","https://openalex.org/W1989074746","https://openalex.org/W1991586169","https://openalex.org/W1991771980","https://openalex.org/W1992595091","https://openalex.org/W1992889417","https://openalex.org/W1993324014","https://openalex.org/W1993353309","https://openalex.org/W1993729354","https://openalex.org/W1993971869","https://openalex.org/W1994720773","https://openalex.org/W1996460711","https://openalex.org/W1996538944","https://openalex.org/W1997405028","https://openalex.org/W1999564588","https://openalex.org/W1999951014","https://openalex.org/W2001213957","https://openalex.org/W2001243940","https://openalex.org/W2001764918","https://openalex.org/W2001987130","https://openalex.org/W2002044283","https://openalex.org/W2002144817","https://openalex.org/W2002254680","https://openalex.org/W2002645780","https://openalex.org/W2002987624","https://openalex.org/W2003912083","https://openalex.org/W2003925078","https://openalex.org/W2004778468","https://openalex.org/W2007585284","https://openalex.org/W2007897629","https://openalex.org/W2007985102","https://openalex.org/W2008038475","https://openalex.org/W2008364078","https://openalex.org/W2009223240","https://openalex.org/W2009673058","https://openalex.org/W2010577059","https://openalex.org/W2010912319","https://openalex.org/W2011181013","https://openalex.org/W2012374243","https://openalex.org/W2013831032","https://openalex.org/W2015141145","https://openalex.org/W2015427377","https://openalex.org/W2016461322","https://openalex.org/W2016505307","https://openalex.org/W2017016334","https://openalex.org/W2017255816","https://openalex.org/W2018060326","https://openalex.org/W2018775916","https://openalex.org/W2019388161","https://openalex.org/W2019806888","https://openalex.org/W2020054502","https://openalex.org/W2021364260","https://openalex.org/W2021427887","https://openalex.org/W2022022844","https://openalex.org/W2022739774","https://openalex.org/W2023280070","https://openalex.org/W2023359102","https://openalex.org/W2023364466","https://openalex.org/W2024498667","https://openalex.org/W2025267562","https://openalex.org/W2026986379","https://openalex.org/W2027425484","https://openalex.org/W2027519482","https://openalex.org/W2028622989","https://openalex.org/W2030225368","https://openalex.org/W2030487594","https://openalex.org/W2031681107","https://openalex.org/W2032250800","https://openalex.org/W2032284903","https://openalex.org/W2032359606","https://openalex.org/W2033011135","https://openalex.org/W2033143360","https://openalex.org/W2033213046","https://openalex.org/W2034367374","https://openalex.org/W2036098864","https://openalex.org/W2036256965","https://openalex.org/W2037451631","https://openalex.org/W2037575966","https://openalex.org/W2037718894","https://openalex.org/W2038537023","https://openalex.org/W2039523962","https://openalex.org/W2040188253","https://openalex.org/W2040344830","https://openalex.org/W2040562669","https://openalex.org/W2041501487","https://openalex.org/W2041838472","https://openalex.org/W2042033576","https://openalex.org/W2042154472","https://openalex.org/W2044014219","https://openalex.org/W2045391589","https://openalex.org/W2045404360","https://openalex.org/W2046850778","https://openalex.org/W2046897395","https://openalex.org/W2047671794","https://openalex.org/W2049065348","https://openalex.org/W2050119054","https://openalex.org/W2050360002","https://openalex.org/W2051449352","https://openalex.org/W2052514587","https://openalex.org/W2052731945","https://openalex.org/W2052782757","https://openalex.org/W2053658925","https://openalex.org/W2053797755","https://openalex.org/W2054243030","https://openalex.org/W2054601613","https://openalex.org/W2054883256","https://openalex.org/W2055114795","https://openalex.org/W2057041903","https://openalex.org/W2057203470","https://openalex.org/W2058940094","https://openalex.org/W2059252050","https://openalex.org/W2059349322","https://openalex.org/W2061974849","https://openalex.org/W2062493578","https://openalex.org/W2062997771","https://openalex.org/W2065703058","https://openalex.org/W2066807707","https://openalex.org/W2067207399","https://openalex.org/W2067332276","https://openalex.org/W2067709381","https://openalex.org/W2071459240","https://openalex.org/W2071730966","https://openalex.org/W2071796772","https://openalex.org/W2071829103","https://openalex.org/W2072485260","https://openalex.org/W2075266992","https://openalex.org/W2075853257","https://openalex.org/W2076446466","https://openalex.org/W2076583846","https://openalex.org/W2077151458","https://openalex.org/W2078969662","https://openalex.org/W2078975494","https://openalex.org/W2079053054","https://openalex.org/W2079580196","https://openalex.org/W2080349370","https://openalex.org/W2081021926","https://openalex.org/W2082002072","https://openalex.org/W2082346169","https://openalex.org/W2086107380","https://openalex.org/W2087158203","https://openalex.org/W2087563680","https://openalex.org/W2088568867","https://openalex.org/W2089450351","https://openalex.org/W2090099066","https://openalex.org/W2090437685","https://openalex.org/W2090558348","https://openalex.org/W2092668948","https://openalex.org/W2092894546","https://openalex.org/W2095092436","https://openalex.org/W2096879279","https://openalex.org/W2098089372","https://openalex.org/W2098891503","https://openalex.org/W2099003119","https://openalex.org/W2099090001","https://openalex.org/W2099224768","https://openalex.org/W2099346664","https://openalex.org/W2100309255","https://openalex.org/W2100687290","https://openalex.org/W2100719009","https://openalex.org/W2100837269","https://openalex.org/W2101019518","https://openalex.org/W2101322984","https://openalex.org/W2101685360","https://openalex.org/W2103549209","https://openalex.org/W2105110539","https://openalex.org/W2105946796","https://openalex.org/W2107449223","https://openalex.org/W2107575214","https://openalex.org/W2107888921","https://openalex.org/W2108330014","https://openalex.org/W2108583373","https://openalex.org/W2109339776","https://openalex.org/W2109494124","https://openalex.org/W2109761065","https://openalex.org/W2109778555","https://openalex.org/W2110479470","https://openalex.org/W2111662566","https://openalex.org/W2112570446","https://openalex.org/W2112945902","https://openalex.org/W2113497972","https://openalex.org/W2113940149","https://openalex.org/W2114025420","https://openalex.org/W2114302840","https://openalex.org/W2116791869","https://openalex.org/W2117809458","https://openalex.org/W2117980283","https://openalex.org/W2119109353","https://openalex.org/W2119142426","https://openalex.org/W2120327064","https://openalex.org/W2120852284","https://openalex.org/W2121570034","https://openalex.org/W2122334299","https://openalex.org/W2123724054","https://openalex.org/W2125331506","https://openalex.org/W2125957234","https://openalex.org/W2126533901","https://openalex.org/W2126633745","https://openalex.org/W2127552033","https://openalex.org/W2127558534","https://openalex.org/W2128180346","https://openalex.org/W2128356032","https://openalex.org/W2128898768","https://openalex.org/W2129657595","https://openalex.org/W2132600317","https://openalex.org/W2132697669","https://openalex.org/W2134067183","https://openalex.org/W2134153749","https://openalex.org/W2134692706","https://openalex.org/W2134942816","https://openalex.org/W2135099069","https://openalex.org/W2135720297","https://openalex.org/W2136440044","https://openalex.org/W2138341610","https://openalex.org/W2139004845","https://openalex.org/W2139128100","https://openalex.org/W2139626743","https://openalex.org/W2140541457","https://openalex.org/W2142708736","https://openalex.org/W2143093385","https://openalex.org/W2144386534","https://openalex.org/W2144634347","https://openalex.org/W2146110432","https://openalex.org/W2146120613","https://openalex.org/W2147220402","https://openalex.org/W2147491633","https://openalex.org/W2148255256","https://openalex.org/W2148525353","https://openalex.org/W2148728220","https://openalex.org/W2149928591","https://openalex.org/W2151454974","https://openalex.org/W2152165162","https://openalex.org/W2152749315","https://openalex.org/W2152763121","https://openalex.org/W2153092306","https://openalex.org/W2153736092","https://openalex.org/W2155281470","https://openalex.org/W2155463008","https://openalex.org/W2156028799","https://openalex.org/W2156369583","https://openalex.org/W2156783635","https://openalex.org/W2156975751","https://openalex.org/W2157508254","https://openalex.org/W2158408911","https://openalex.org/W2158857952","https://openalex.org/W2161433318","https://openalex.org/W2161441304","https://openalex.org/W2161737754","https://openalex.org/W2162947376","https://openalex.org/W2163326745","https://openalex.org/W2163480486","https://openalex.org/W2163765805","https://openalex.org/W2164045769","https://openalex.org/W2164466832","https://openalex.org/W2164694438","https://openalex.org/W2164729067","https://openalex.org/W2164856850","https://openalex.org/W2165570660","https://openalex.org/W2166747668","https://openalex.org/W2167639596","https://openalex.org/W2168839178","https://openalex.org/W2170297399","https://openalex.org/W2171247374","https://openalex.org/W2305500926","https://openalex.org/W2317371936","https://openalex.org/W2418064225","https://openalex.org/W2469522767","https://openalex.org/W2769831113","https://openalex.org/W4295837538","https://openalex.org/W4403377521","https://openalex.org/W7073928939","https://openalex.org/W7097510353","https://openalex.org/W7140267527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392481227","https://openalex.org/W42338180","https://openalex.org/W4392523261","https://openalex.org/W7099748751","https://openalex.org/W827701065","https://openalex.org/W2603652902","https://openalex.org/W46252176","https://openalex.org/W4392317604","https://openalex.org/W2762589166","https://openalex.org/W4392280904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Les":[0],"m\u00e9canismes":[1,75],"de":[2,43,52,72,79,90,93,111,124,127,136,153,156,161,186,198,200,213],"l'adaptation":[3],"des":[4,49,113],"bact\u00e9ries":[5],"\u00e0":[6,20,68,76,140,184],"leur":[7],"environnement":[8],"ont":[9,27,95],"\u00e9t\u00e9":[10,96],"\u00e9tudi\u00e9s":[11],"par":[12,34,132,209],"une":[13,196],"strat\u00e9gie":[14],"d'\u00e9volution":[15],"exp\u00e9rimentale.":[16],"Douze":[17],"populations,":[18],"fond\u00e9es":[19],"partir":[21],"d'une":[22,85],"cellule":[23],"anc\u00eatre":[24],"d'Escherichia":[25],"coli,":[26],"\u00e9volu\u00e9":[28],"ind\u00e9pendamment":[29],"pendant":[30],"20":[31],"000":[32],"g\u00e9n\u00e9rations":[33],"transferts":[35],"journaliers":[36],"dans":[37,54,98,102,150],"un":[38,108,133,141,210],"milieu":[39],"constant.":[40],"Au":[41],"cours":[42],"cette":[44,69],"\u00e9volution,":[45],"la":[46,77,91,118,151,154,162,177,179,182,187,201],"capacit\u00e9":[47],"reproductive":[48],"cellules":[50],"augmente":[51],"70%":[53],"les":[55,65,74,159,167],"12":[56],"populations.":[57],"L'objectif":[58],"du":[59,122,172],"travail":[60],"est":[61],"d'identifier":[62],"et":[63,88,115,216],"d'analyser":[64],"mutations":[66,82,168],"conduisant":[67],"adaptation":[70],"afin":[71],"comprendre":[73],"base":[78],"l'\u00e9volution.":[80],"Des":[81],"b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques":[83],"responsables":[84],"augmentation":[86],"parall\u00e8le":[87],"syst\u00e9matique":[89],"superh\u00e9licit\u00e9":[92],"l'ADN":[94,157,185],"identifi\u00e9es":[97],"deux":[99,147],"g\u00e8nes":[100,148],"impliqu\u00e9s":[101,149],"sa":[103],"r\u00e9gulation":[104,152],":":[105,145,195],"fis,":[106,174],"codant":[107,117],"r\u00e9gulateur":[109],"global":[110],"l'expression":[112],"g\u00e8nes,":[114],"topA,":[116],"topoisom\u00e9rase":[119],"I":[120],"responsable":[121],"rel\u00e2chement":[123],"l'ADN.":[125],"L'\u00e9volution":[126],"ces":[128],"populations":[129],"se":[130],"caract\u00e9rise":[131],"degr\u00e9":[134,211],"important":[135],"parall\u00e9lisme":[137,143,204,214],"ph\u00e9notypique":[138,205],"associ\u00e9":[139],"fort":[142],"g\u00e9n\u00e9tique":[144,215],"seuls":[146],"topologie":[155],"sont":[158],"cibles":[160],"s\u00e9lection":[163],"naturelle.":[164],"De":[165],"plus,":[166],"apparues":[169],"au":[170,192],"sein":[171],"g\u00e8ne":[173],"bien":[175],"qu'affectant":[176],"transcription,":[178],"traduction,":[180],"ou":[181],"fixation":[183],"prot\u00e9ine":[188],"Fis,":[189],"m\u00e8nent":[190],"toutes":[191],"m\u00eame":[193],"r\u00e9sultat":[194],"diminution":[197],"l'activit\u00e9":[199],"prot\u00e9ine.":[202],"Le":[203],"observ\u00e9":[206],"s'explique":[207],"donc":[208],"exceptionnel":[212],"mol\u00e9culaire.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}