{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003196466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","title":"Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among users of postmenopausal oestrogens","display_name":"Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among users of postmenopausal oestrogens","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003196466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","mag":"2003196466","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8855853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065681509","display_name":"Hershel Jick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-5992","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-5992"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115736","display_name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","ror":"https://ror.org/0228drn10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hershel Jick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston Collaborative Drug Survelliance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA","Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Collaborative Drug Survelliance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111453437","display_name":"Laura E. Derby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115736","display_name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","ror":"https://ror.org/0228drn10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura E Derby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086707051","display_name":"Marian Wald Myers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115736","display_name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","ror":"https://ror.org/0228drn10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marian Wald Myers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066275631","display_name":"Catherine Vasilakis\u2010Scaramozza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-4604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-4604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115736","display_name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","ror":"https://ror.org/0228drn10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Vasilakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center, Lexington, MA 02173, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210115736"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086632845","display_name":"Katherine M. Newton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-0722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-0722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304127598","display_name":"Group Health Cooperative","ror":"https://ror.org/05kx3hd68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304127598"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine M Newton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304127598"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065681509"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210115736"],"apc_list":{"value":7890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7890},"apc_paid":{"value":7890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7890},"fwci":58.6377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":596,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99767892,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"348","issue":"9033","first_page":"981","last_page":"983"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10285","display_name":"Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2724","display_name":"Internal Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10285","display_name":"Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2724","display_name":"Internal Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10694","display_name":"Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments","score":0.08290000259876251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11929","display_name":"Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiopathic-venous-thromboembolism","display_name":"idiopathic venous thromboembolism","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postmenopausal-hormone-replacement-therapy","display_name":"postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogen","display_name":"estrogen","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogen-dose","display_name":"estrogen dose","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization-risk","display_name":"hospitalization risk","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-health-cooperative-of-puget-sound","display_name":"Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound","score":0.859000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9300950765609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.6411749124526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991741193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751330","display_name":"Venous thromboembolism","level":3,"score":0.6283666491508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.6188721656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5520737171173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.5013318061828613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780159708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17003363","display_name":"Hormone replacement therapy (female-to-male)","level":3,"score":0.4998176097869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146304588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961652","display_name":"Case-control study","level":2,"score":0.4601818323135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.433490514755249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780275930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628266","display_name":"Hormone therapy","level":4,"score":0.4164295196533203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.3417135775089264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.24643081426620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.1681164801120758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261327","display_name":"Thrombosis","level":2,"score":0.10294592380523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058681","display_name":"Testosterone (patch)","level":2,"score":0.077475905418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004967","descriptor_name":"Estrogens","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004967","descriptor_name":"Estrogens","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010343","descriptor_name":"Patient Admission","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011655","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Embolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013924","descriptor_name":"Thrombophlebitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015914","descriptor_name":"Estrogen Replacement Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015992","descriptor_name":"Body Mass Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017698","descriptor_name":"Postmenopause","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8855853","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8855853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lancet (London, England)","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07114-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1729021251","https://openalex.org/W2032238979","https://openalex.org/W2036044692","https://openalex.org/W2107766028","https://openalex.org/W2340750934"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015020862","https://openalex.org/W2021062942","https://openalex.org/W2107766028","https://openalex.org/W2051789696","https://openalex.org/W1589217716","https://openalex.org/W4302328404","https://openalex.org/W1969239561","https://openalex.org/W2103732396","https://openalex.org/W2477243279","https://openalex.org/W1991495063"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"At":[1],"the":[2,7,16,48,76,120,203,212,237,270],"request":[3],"of":[4,20,44,70,89,111,137,150,158,168,180,205,214,221,235,252,263],"researchers":[5],"in":[6,233,239,285],"UK,":[8],"we":[9],"conducted":[10],"a":[11,145,165,282],"case-control":[12],"study":[13,34],"to":[14,51,58,85,105,226],"explore":[15],"relation":[17,213],"between":[18],"use":[19],"postmenopausal":[21],"oestrogen":[22,170,178,215],"hormone":[23],"replacement":[24,264],"therapy":[25],"(HRT)":[26],"and":[27,114,140,185,194,216,278],"idiopathic":[28,61,71,222,253],"venous":[29],"thromboembolism":[30],"(VTE).":[31],"METHODS:":[32],"The":[33,68,172,218,250],"was":[35,73,164,199],"based":[36,129],"on":[37,130],"information":[38],"derived":[39],"from":[40,65,75,119],"Group":[41],"Health":[42],"Cooperative":[43,112],"Puget":[45],"Sound":[46],"for":[47,60,155,177,275,280],"period":[49],"1980":[50],"1994.":[52],"Women":[53,79],"aged":[54],"50-74":[55],"years":[56],"admitted":[57],"hospital":[59,66],"VTE":[62,72,86,90,206,223,254],"were":[63,97,117,127,191],"identified":[64,118],"records.":[67],"diagnosis":[69],"validated":[74],"clinical":[77],"record.":[78],"who":[80],"had":[81],"medical":[82],"conditions":[83],"predisposing":[84],"(a":[87],"history":[88],"or":[91,95,188],"cancer,":[92],"recent":[93],"trauma,":[94],"surgery)":[96],"excluded":[98],"as":[99],"cases.":[100],"Four":[101],"control":[102],"subjects":[103],"matched":[104,142,146,173],"each":[106],"case":[107],"by":[108],"age,":[109],"duration":[110],"membership,":[113],"calendar":[115],"time":[116],"base":[121],"population.":[122],"Various":[123],"potential":[124],"risk":[125,148,175,204,220,238,251,272],"factors":[126],"recorded":[128],"record":[131],"review.":[132],"FINDINGS:":[133],"An":[134],"initial":[135],"analysis":[136],"42":[138],"cases":[139],"168":[141],"controls":[143],"yielded":[144],"relative":[147,174],"estimate":[149],"3.6":[151],"(95%":[152],"CI":[153],"1.6-7.8)":[154],"current":[156,240,261],"users":[157,179,241,262],"oestrogens":[159,265],"compared":[160],"with":[161,202],"non-users.":[162,268],"There":[163],"substantial":[166],"effect":[167],"daily":[169,190],"dose.":[171],"estimates":[176],"0.325":[181],"mg,":[182,184],"0.625":[183],"1.25":[186],"mg":[187],"more":[189],"2.1,":[192],"3.3,":[193],"6.9,":[195],"respectively.":[196],"Body-mass":[197],"index":[198],"independently":[200],"associated":[201],"but":[207],"did":[208],"not":[209],"materially":[210],"confound":[211],"VTE.":[217],"absolute":[219,271],"is":[224,242,255,273],"estimated":[225,243],"be":[227],"low":[228,274],"(0.9":[229],"x":[230,246],"10(-4)":[231,247],"woman-years)":[232],"non-users":[234],"oestrogen;":[236],"at":[244],"3.2":[245],"woman-years.":[248],"INTERPRETATION:":[249],"about":[256],"three":[257],"times":[258],"higher":[259],"among":[260,267],"than":[266],"However,":[269],"both":[276],"groups":[277],"accounts":[279],"only":[281],"modest":[283],"increase":[284],"morbidity.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}