{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003159504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.123199","title":"GaInN/GaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy","display_name":"GaInN/GaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003159504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.123199","mag":"2003159504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.123199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.123199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.123199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/152639","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040568622","display_name":"N. Grandjean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-981X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-981X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124361","display_name":"Centre de Recherche sur l'H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mpv07","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Grandjean","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105501657","display_name":"J. Massies","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124361","display_name":"Centre de Recherche sur l'H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mpv07","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Massies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060187535","display_name":"S. Dalmasso","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124361","display_name":"Centre de Recherche sur l'H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mpv07","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Dalmasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056912849","display_name":"Philippe Venn\u00e9gu\u00e8s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1587-8452","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1587-8452"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124361","display_name":"Centre de Recherche sur l'H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mpv07","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Venn\u00e9gu\u00e8s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de Recherche sur l\u2019H\u00e9t\u00e9ro-Epitaxie et ses Applications-CNRS, Rue B. Gr\u00e9gory, 06560\u2009Sophia Antipolis, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045173244","display_name":"Laure Siozade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4813-781X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4813-781X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258658","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Blaise Pascal","ror":"https://ror.org/0119hgk08","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I4405258658"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Siozade","raw_affiliation_strings":["LASMEA-CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Blaise Pascal de Clermont-Fd, 24, av. des Landais, 63177\u2009Aubi\u00e8re, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LASMEA-CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Blaise Pascal de Clermont-Fd, 24, av. des Landais, 63177\u2009Aubi\u00e8re, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4405258658"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067243377","display_name":"Lionel Hirsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2325-5535","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2325-5535"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15057530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/057qpr032","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15057530"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Hirsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["IXL, ENSERB-CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la lib\u00e9ration, 33405\u2009Talence, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IXL, ENSERB-CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la lib\u00e9ration, 33405\u2009Talence, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9085668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"24","first_page":"3616","last_page":"3618"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12309","display_name":"solar cell performance optimization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gainn","display_name":"GaInN","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gan","display_name":"GaN","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-quantum-wells","display_name":"multiple quantum wells","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diodes","display_name":"light-emitting diodes","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blue-emission","display_name":"blue emission","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indium-surface-segregation","display_name":"indium surface segregation","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-plane-sapphire-substrate","display_name":"c-plane sapphire substrate","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoluminescence-linewidth","display_name":"photoluminescence linewidth","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface-quality","display_name":"interface quality","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroluminescence","display_name":"electroluminescence","score":0.828000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3792809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898542","display_name":"Molecular beam epitaxy","level":4,"score":0.8170833587646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8101789951324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31625292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215803","display_name":"Electroluminescence","level":3,"score":0.7770448923110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.7614668011665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85080765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614893","display_name":"Photoluminescence","level":2,"score":0.7388354539871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.6972092390060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780064504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127583","display_name":"Sapphire","level":3,"score":0.6742245554924011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.6339050531387329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29169072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521166","display_name":"Quantum well","level":3,"score":0.579770565032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110738630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135540","display_name":"Epitaxy","level":3,"score":0.570787250995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189278905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2157708","display_name":"Wide-bandgap semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.5366235971450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543292547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1094","display_name":"Indium","level":2,"score":0.5301481485366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146088050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744818","display_name":"Transmission electron microscopy","level":2,"score":0.46938154101371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.44640254974365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.29595768451690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.12306222319602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.08774468302726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.065268874168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.05267292261123657}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.123199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.123199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.123199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00183550v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-00183550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters, 1999, 74, pp.1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:152639","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/152639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:152639","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/54876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"research article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:152639","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/152639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981608848","https://openalex.org/W2000407843","https://openalex.org/W2005824473","https://openalex.org/W2006380715","https://openalex.org/W2012472428","https://openalex.org/W2031667675","https://openalex.org/W2044197018","https://openalex.org/W2044943940","https://openalex.org/W2063343589","https://openalex.org/W2070470333","https://openalex.org/W2092814092","https://openalex.org/W2093543366","https://openalex.org/W2171378160","https://openalex.org/W4232274858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963667882","https://openalex.org/W2403713274","https://openalex.org/W1979911630","https://openalex.org/W2020865374","https://openalex.org/W1978645111","https://openalex.org/W1985725979","https://openalex.org/W2034532454","https://openalex.org/W2016589601","https://openalex.org/W2089309957","https://openalex.org/W2116665102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"GaInN":[0,20,44],"and":[1,23,42],"GaN":[2],"were":[3,55],"grown":[4],"by":[5],"molecular":[6],"beam":[7],"epitaxy":[8],"on":[9,18],"c-plane":[10],"sapphire":[11],"using":[12],"NH3.":[13],"9":[14],"K":[15,67],"photoluminescence":[16],"performed":[17],"both":[19],"thin":[21],"layers":[22],"GaInN/GaN":[24,40],"multiple-quantum":[25],"wells":[26],"(MQWs)":[27],"exhibits":[28],"narrow":[29],"emission":[30],"(\u223c50":[31],"meV":[32],"linewidths).":[33],"Transmission":[34],"electron":[35],"microscopy":[36],"images":[37],"show":[38],"sharp":[39],"interfaces":[41],"homogeneous":[43],"layers.":[45],"Strong":[46],"indium":[47],"surface":[48],"segregation":[49],"is":[50],"also":[51],"evidenced.":[52],"Light-emitting":[53],"diodes":[54],"fabricated":[56],"from":[57],"5\u00d7GaInN":[58],"(25":[59],"\u00c5)/GaN":[60],"(35":[61],"\u00c5)":[62],"MQW":[63],"heterostructures.":[64],"The":[65],"300":[66],"electroluminescence":[68],"yields":[69],"blue":[70],"light":[71],"at":[72],"440":[73],"nm.":[74]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}