{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003146864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","title":"Extension-Flexion Radiographs for Motion Studies of the Lumbar Spine","display_name":"Extension-Flexion Radiographs for Motion Studies of the Lumbar Spine","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003146864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","mag":"2003146864","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2139240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060213493","display_name":"E Putto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E PUTTO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland","From the Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081184420","display_name":"Kaj Tallroth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K TALLROTH","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland","From the Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Radiology, Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.282,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81087025,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"107","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":0.028300000354647636,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar-spine","display_name":"lumbar spine","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-mobility","display_name":"spinal mobility","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l4-5","display_name":"L4-5","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l5-s1","display_name":"L5-S1","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-positioning","display_name":"patient positioning","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interobserver-error","display_name":"interobserver error","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intra-observer-error","display_name":"intra-observer error","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiographic-measurement-accuracy","display_name":"radiographic measurement accuracy","score":0.6729999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9269185066223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.7405538558959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017433307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405478","display_name":"Lumbar spine","level":2,"score":0.7292386889457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193544012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321017","display_name":"Roentgen","level":2,"score":0.5699104070663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.5309538245201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.44109901785850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4325654208660126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779835254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405478","display_name":"Lumbar vertebrae","level":3,"score":0.4144696891307831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.35307741165161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.20882701873779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.07557475566864014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.04873758554458618}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001416","descriptor_name":"Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008161","descriptor_name":"Lumbosacral Region","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011859","descriptor_name":"Radiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013131","descriptor_name":"Spine","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013131","descriptor_name":"Spine","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013679","descriptor_name":"Technology, Radiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199002000-00011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2139240","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2139240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037117055","https://openalex.org/W2394887980","https://openalex.org/W2031248459","https://openalex.org/W2072307352","https://openalex.org/W2004741448","https://openalex.org/W2032516766","https://openalex.org/W2411332060","https://openalex.org/W2538472623","https://openalex.org/W2357631735","https://openalex.org/W2087332497"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"abnormal":[1],"motion":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,16,46,85],"quantitative":[5],"phenomenon":[6],"and":[7,68,78,89,96],"present":[8,43],"primarily":[9],"in":[10],"the":[11,21,34,54,62,70,97,100],"two":[12,63],"lowest":[13,64],"vertebral":[14,65],"spaces,":[15,66],"roentgen":[17],"examination":[18,48],"method":[19,58,72],"yielding":[20,50],"maximum":[22],"mobility":[23,52,77,81],"would":[24],"appear":[25],"to":[26],"be":[27],"suitable.":[28],"When":[29],"performing":[30],"extension-flexion":[31],"radiographs":[32],"of":[33,38,53,99],"lumbar":[35],"spine,":[36],"positioning":[37],"patients":[39],"varies":[40],"considerably.":[41],"The":[42],"study":[44],"describes":[45],"new":[47,71],"method,":[49],"better":[51],"spine":[55],"than":[56,84],"any":[57],"earlier":[59],"described.":[60],"For":[61],"L4-5":[67],"L5-S1,":[69],"implied":[73],"significantly":[74],"greater":[75],"angular":[76,80],"total":[79],"between":[82],"L2-S1":[83],"previous":[86],"method.":[87],"Intra-":[88],"interobserver":[90],"errors":[91],"accounted":[92],"for":[93,103],"were":[94],"acceptable":[95],"accuracy":[98],"measurements":[101],"sufficient":[102],"clinical":[104],"work.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}