{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003136266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","title":"Comparison of Ramp and Stepwise Incremental Pacing in Assessment of Antegrade and Retrograde Conduction","display_name":"Comparison of Ramp and Stepwise Incremental Pacing in Assessment of Antegrade and Retrograde Conduction","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003136266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","mag":"2003136266","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2419855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128634829","display_name":"Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology","issn_l":"0147-8389","issn":["0147-8389","1540-8159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"XUMING ZHANG","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"XUMING ZHANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101504690","display_name":"John D. Fisher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-8715","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-8715"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JOHN D. FISHER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004407356","display_name":"Soo Gyum Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SOO G. KIM","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110911413","display_name":"Jeffrey A. Matos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JEFFREY A. MATOS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082028597","display_name":"LAWRENGE E. WASPE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LAWRENGE E. WASPE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"CHARLES JOHNSON","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CHARLES JOHNSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology. Arrhythmia Service. Montefiore Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101504690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525"],"apc_list":{"value":4170,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4170},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1328635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"42","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.43070000410079956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.43070000410079956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10598","display_name":"Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies","score":0.2863999903202057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.2734000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antegrade-conduction","display_name":"antegrade conduction","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retrograde-conduction","display_name":"retrograde conduction","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrioventricular-block","display_name":"atrioventricular block","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrioventricular-junction","display_name":"atrioventricular junction","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accessory-pathway","display_name":"accessory pathway","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrioventricular-conduction","display_name":"atrioventricular conduction","score":0.5059999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8416489362716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.5611743927001953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172100665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7465774","display_name":"Thermal conduction","level":2,"score":0.495355486869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.44106635451316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775914520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12335414","display_name":"Sinus rhythm","level":3,"score":0.43592193722724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020135794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372713","display_name":"Ventricular pacing","level":3,"score":0.4264407753944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992910135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372713","display_name":"Cardiac pacing","level":2,"score":0.42507749795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3630011975765228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.1664348542690277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.06669411063194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001283","descriptor_name":"Atrioventricular Node","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002036","descriptor_name":"Bundle of His","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002304","descriptor_name":"Cardiac Pacing, Artificial","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006325","descriptor_name":"Heart Atria","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006327","descriptor_name":"Heart Block","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006329","descriptor_name":"Heart Conduction System","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006352","descriptor_name":"Heart Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013575","descriptor_name":"Syncope","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013610","descriptor_name":"Tachycardia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014927","descriptor_name":"Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb05360.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128634829","display_name":"Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology","issn_l":"0147-8389","issn":["0147-8389","1540-8159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2419855","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2419855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W578850773","https://openalex.org/W1574124831","https://openalex.org/W1968085159","https://openalex.org/W1970793841","https://openalex.org/W1977857679","https://openalex.org/W1988815127","https://openalex.org/W2001839793","https://openalex.org/W2025921108","https://openalex.org/W2026889608","https://openalex.org/W2037029629","https://openalex.org/W2062192886","https://openalex.org/W2068946473","https://openalex.org/W2087418863","https://openalex.org/W2099042768","https://openalex.org/W2135554706","https://openalex.org/W2139285689","https://openalex.org/W2797725303","https://openalex.org/W4289257710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3149923696","https://openalex.org/W4391393301","https://openalex.org/W4249747285","https://openalex.org/W2048944432","https://openalex.org/W2001839793","https://openalex.org/W7096788659","https://openalex.org/W2122174344","https://openalex.org/W89212738","https://openalex.org/W2033021117","https://openalex.org/W1575814022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"assessment":[1,122,218],"of":[2,30,53,123,157,178,219],"antegrade":[3,125,220,241],"(AV)":[4],"and":[5,39,47,116,126,146,192,208,221,229,237,242],"retrograde":[6,127,179,222,243],"(VA)":[7],"conduction":[8,18,82,140,180,223,244],"involves":[9],"stepwise":[10,115,145,213],"increments":[11],"in":[12,17,33,51,60,81,216,224],"pacing":[13,57,118,201,204,215,233,250],"rates":[14],"until":[15,42],"block":[16,43,169,197],"is":[19,37],"observed.":[20],"This":[21],"study":[22],"was":[23,58,83,87,104,141,234],"designed":[24],"to":[25,92,95,211],"establish":[26],"the":[27,35,65,85,102,160,164,199,217,248],"comparative":[28],"characteristics":[29],"ramp":[31,100,117,147,249],"pacing,":[32,101],"which":[34],"rate":[36,66,86,103],"continuously":[38],"smoothly":[40],"incremented":[41],"occurs.":[44],"Two":[45],"hundred":[46],"ten":[48],"patients":[49,130,225],"participated":[50],"portions":[52],"this":[54],"study.":[55],"Stepwise":[56],"performed":[59,120],"10":[61],"beat/minute":[62],"steps,":[63],"with":[64,184,247],"held":[67,88],"for":[68,90,97,121],"at":[69,73,107,152,167,195],"least":[70],"15":[71],"seconds":[72,94],"each":[74],"step;":[75],"if":[76],"marked":[77],"prolongation":[78],"or":[79],"variability":[80],"observed,":[84],"constant":[89],"up":[91],"60":[93],"allow":[96],"accommodation.":[98],"With":[99],"gradually":[105],"increased":[106],"a":[108,153,206],"steady":[109],"2-4":[110],"beats/minute/second.":[111],"Whenever":[112],"possible,":[113],"both":[114,124,227],"were":[119,170,245],"conduction.":[128],"All":[129],"had":[131],"conducted":[132,189],"sinus":[133],"rhythm":[134],"as":[135],"their":[136],"baseline":[137],"mechanism.":[138],"Antegrade":[139],"similar":[142,173,182],"using":[143,198,226],"incremental":[144,214],"pacing.":[148],"The":[149],"AH":[150,162],"interval":[151],"cycle":[154,165,193],"length":[155,166,194],"(CL)":[156],"500":[158],"ms,":[159],"maximum":[161,188],"increment,":[163],"AV":[168],"all":[171],"remarkably":[172],"(p":[174],"=":[175],"NS).":[176],"Assessment":[177],"produced":[181],"results,":[183],"insignificant":[185],"differences":[186],"between":[187,240],"VA":[190,196],"intervals,":[191],"two":[200],"techniques.":[202],"Ramp":[203,232],"provides":[205],"useful":[207],"rapid":[209],"alternative":[210],"conventional":[212],"normal":[228],"accessory":[230],"pathways.":[231],"better":[235],"tolerated,":[236],"some":[238],"correlations":[239],"stronger":[246],"technique.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
