{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002881474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393896","title":"Optimizing the delivered image quality at the WIYN 3.5-m Telescope","display_name":"Optimizing the delivered image quality at the WIYN 3.5-m Telescope","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002881474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393896","mag":"2002881474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.393896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081786754","display_name":"D. Sawyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-4667","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-4667"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David G. Sawyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["WIYN Observatory/National Optical Astronomy Observatories (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WIYN Observatory/National Optical Astronomy Observatories (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072770428","display_name":"Charles Corson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Corson","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Optical Astronomy Observatories (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Optical Astronomy Observatories (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053716982","display_name":"Abhijit Saha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6839-4881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6839-4881"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhijit Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Optical Astronomy Observatories (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Optical Astronomy Observatories (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1836543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4004","issue":null,"first_page":"422","last_page":"430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"image quality","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seeing","display_name":"seeing","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management","display_name":"thermal management","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-vibration-damping","display_name":"structural vibration damping","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telescope-enclosure","display_name":"telescope enclosure","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-optics","display_name":"adaptive optics","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tip-tilt-control","display_name":"tip-tilt control","score":0.6050000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780848835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213","display_name":"Telescope","level":2,"score":0.7697632312774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143588538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613628","display_name":"Primary mirror","level":3,"score":0.7582453489303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779844322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919140","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","level":2,"score":0.6287945508956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.534883975982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5221055746078491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132771110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506922","display_name":"Adaptive optics","level":2,"score":0.5218293070793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5190606713294983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779919027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62832","display_name":"Observatory","level":2,"score":0.4920351207256317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780556460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395645","display_name":"Secondary mirror","level":4,"score":0.48990029096603394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4618711769580841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.4606386125087738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199524791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7198512","display_name":"Piston (optics)","level":3,"score":0.454822838306427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780174078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265628","display_name":"Very Large Telescope","level":3,"score":0.447157084941864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42729681730270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.4236557185649872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53550047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054449","display_name":"Active optics","level":3,"score":0.4213999807834625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23801255226135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19958481192588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.13223907351493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13094884157180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12831604480743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.393896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.393896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166773835","https://openalex.org/W2068515740","https://openalex.org/W1976171344","https://openalex.org/W2059485338","https://openalex.org/W3153861142","https://openalex.org/W7203887027","https://openalex.org/W1966371588","https://openalex.org/W2018895062","https://openalex.org/W2092938919","https://openalex.org/W4378698375"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"discuss":[1],"many":[2,135],"enhancements":[3],"and":[4,40,58,91,97,100,103,120,163,187],"refinements":[5],"to":[6,62,111],"the":[7,14,18,38,48,64,114,118,153,175,180,188],"WIYN":[8,23,107,195],"Telescope":[9],"that":[10,78],"have":[11,130],"demonstrably":[12],"improved":[13,139],"imaging":[15,140],"performance":[16,116],"over":[17],"past":[19],"few":[20],"years.":[21],"Currently,":[22],"yields":[24],"a":[25,75,85,122,191],"median":[26],"delivered":[27],"image":[28],"quality":[29],"of":[30,47,117,125,152,160,174,184,190],"0.8":[31],"arc-seconds":[32,45],"for":[33,82,138,168,179],"10":[34],"second":[35],"exposures":[36],"in":[37,147,208],"R-Band,":[39],"images":[41],"better":[42,158],"than":[43],"0.6":[44],"20%":[46],"time":[49],"Peak":[50],"yielding":[51],"excellent":[52],"atmospheric":[53],"seeing":[54,66],"conditions.":[55],"The":[56,106],"telescope":[57],"enclosure":[59,93],"were":[60],"designed":[61],"exploit":[63],"good":[65],"conditions":[67],"with":[68],"features":[69],"such":[70],"as":[71],"superb":[72],"optical":[73],"components,":[74],"primary":[76,88,181],"mirror":[77],"is":[79,109,196,205],"actively":[80],"controlled":[81,87],"low-order":[83],"aberrations,":[84],"thermally":[86],"mirror,":[89,182],"active":[90,176],"passive":[92],"ventilation,":[94],"real-time":[95],"focus":[96,193],"collimation":[98],"control,":[99],"precise":[101],"tracking":[102],"guiding":[104],"control.":[105],"organization":[108],"committed":[110],"continuously":[112],"enhance":[113],"scientific":[115],"observatory":[119],"through":[121],"long-term":[123],"commitment":[124],"increased":[126],"technical":[127,136],"support":[128],"we":[129],"made":[131],"significant":[132],"progress":[133],"on":[134],"aspects":[137],"performance.":[141],"These":[142],"improvements,":[143],"which":[144,204],"are":[145],"described":[146,206],"this":[148,209],"paper,":[149],"include":[150],"optimization":[151],"wavefront":[154],"curvature":[155],"measurement":[156],"process,":[157],"control":[159,178],"secondary":[161],"tilt":[162],"piston":[164],"(focus),":[165],"feedback":[166],"mechanisms":[167],"structural":[169,185],"thermo-mechanical":[170],"effects,":[171],"careful":[172],"timing":[173],"thermal":[177],"damping":[183],"vibrations,":[186],"implementation":[189],"closed-loop":[192],"sensor.":[194],"also":[197],"developing":[198],"an":[199],"adaptive":[200],"optics":[201],"tip-tilt":[202],"system":[203],"elsewhere":[207],"conference.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}