{"id":"https://openalex.org/W200282624","doi":null,"title":"Characterizing distributed systems using knowledge-based models: preliminary version","display_name":"Characterizing distributed systems using knowledge-based models: preliminary version","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W200282624","mag":"200282624"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:200282624","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1029765","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071623875","display_name":"Deborah Shands","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah Shands","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University, Columbus (OH)#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University, Columbus (OH)#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075240582","display_name":"Chung-Kuo Chang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Kuo Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Labs., Columbus, OH#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Labs., Columbus, OH#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"29","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.5630000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.5630000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.28439998626708984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.05660000070929527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-systems","display_name":"distributed systems","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kripke-models","display_name":"Kripke models","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiomatization","display_name":"axiomatization","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-comparison","display_name":"system comparison","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-reduction","display_name":"graph reduction","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-equivalence","display_name":"model equivalence","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-protocols","display_name":"distributed protocols","score":0.43799999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.69524085521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167729594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17736","display_name":"Axiom","level":2,"score":0.6742143034934998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5774322748184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.5362958312034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.533977746963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.44932422041893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4381648302078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27508121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210841","display_name":"Modal logic","level":3,"score":0.4276527762413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.42646294832229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2669464349746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1779327392578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:200282624","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1029765","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490429643","https://openalex.org/W1531751116","https://openalex.org/W1964729314","https://openalex.org/W1988777029","https://openalex.org/W2003214215","https://openalex.org/W2006398516","https://openalex.org/W2009844825","https://openalex.org/W2012681928","https://openalex.org/W2022205872","https://openalex.org/W2022913505","https://openalex.org/W2035362408","https://openalex.org/W2052990370","https://openalex.org/W2055092188","https://openalex.org/W2076073997","https://openalex.org/W2097206726","https://openalex.org/W2110378921","https://openalex.org/W2117189826","https://openalex.org/W2122326479","https://openalex.org/W2126924915","https://openalex.org/W2157319504","https://openalex.org/W2159753366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098439985","https://openalex.org/W1527201956","https://openalex.org/W2441356726","https://openalex.org/W7097077810","https://openalex.org/W2744295527","https://openalex.org/W2163304429","https://openalex.org/W1499548817","https://openalex.org/W7100776555","https://openalex.org/W2911972328","https://openalex.org/W7099080561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,139],"study":[1],"a":[2,23,36,46,51,84,119,126,146,156],"formal":[3],"method":[4],"for":[5,28],"comparing":[6],"distributed":[7,31,105],"systems":[8,32,135],"with":[9],"respect":[10],"to":[11,14,44,74,97,118,154],"their":[12],"abilities":[13],"solve":[15],"various":[16],"problems.":[17,34],"To":[18],"this":[19],"end,":[20],"we":[21,41],"introduce":[22],"knowledge-based":[24],"propositional":[25],"modal":[26],"language":[27],"axiomatically":[29],"characterizing":[30],"and":[33,86],"Given":[35],"specification":[37],"in":[38,55],"the":[39,56,64,68,76,79,88,91,113,130],"language,":[40],"show":[42,87],"how":[43],"build":[45],"Kripke":[47],"model":[48,57],"so":[49],"that":[50,103],"formula":[52],"is":[53,61,116],"true":[54],"exactly":[58],"when":[59,112],"it":[60],"provable":[62],"using":[63,145],"axioms":[65],"which":[66],"specify":[67],"system.":[69],"The":[70],"models":[71,153],"help":[72],"us":[73],"formalize":[75],"description":[77],"of":[78,83,90,122,149],"global":[80,92,114],"observer's":[81],"view":[82,93,115],"system":[85],"effects":[89],"on":[94],"our":[95,142],"ability":[96],"compare":[98],"systems.":[99,161],"An":[100],"example":[101],"shows":[102],"two":[104],"systems,":[106],"running":[107],"different":[108],"protocols,":[109],"are":[110],"identical":[111],"restricted":[117],"particular":[120,147],"set":[121],"formulas,":[123],"extracted":[124],"from":[125],"problem":[127],"specification.":[128],"Under":[129],"unrestricted":[131],"view,":[132],"however,":[133],"these":[134],"appear":[136],"quite":[137],"different.":[138],"can":[140],"generalize":[141],"comparisons":[143],"by":[144],"type":[148],"graph":[150],"reduction":[151],"between":[152,158],"establish":[155],"relationship":[157],"seemingly":[159],"dissimilar":[160]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}