{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002467106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","title":"Redox signaling: hydrogen peroxide as intracellular messenger","display_name":"Redox signaling: hydrogen peroxide as intracellular messenger","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002467106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","mag":"2002467106","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10410302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/emm.1999.9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/emm19999.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57588113","display_name":"Experimental & Molecular Medicine","issn_l":"1226-3613","issn":["1226-3613","2092-6413"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","kci-registered","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Experimental &amp; Molecular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/emm19999.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020834497","display_name":"Sue Goo Rhee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4740-4956","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4740-4956"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106489","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210106489"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sue Goo Rhee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Cell Signaling, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. sgrhee@nih.gov","Laboratory of Cell Signaling, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Cell Signaling, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. sgrhee@nih.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210106489"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Cell Signaling, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210106489"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020834497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210106489"],"apc_list":{"value":4490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4490},"apc_paid":{"value":4490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4490},"fwci":1.8253,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":695,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86045433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"53","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11597","display_name":"Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redox-signaling","display_name":"redox signaling","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-peroxide","display_name":"hydrogen peroxide","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superoxide-radicals","display_name":"superoxide","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracellular-messengers","display_name":"intracellular messengers","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-receptor-signaling","display_name":"membrane receptor signaling","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-transduction","display_name":"signal transduction","score":0.9390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.824489951133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79879829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Intracellular","level":2,"score":0.771417498588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163235415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899814","display_name":"Second messenger system","level":3,"score":0.7431616187095642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.6974291801452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.664818525314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780795997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413283","display_name":"Superoxide","level":3,"score":0.6481969356536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533411734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171877","display_name":"Hydrogen peroxide","level":2,"score":0.5915538668632507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28406088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Extracellular","level":2,"score":0.5543573498725891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.5098087191581726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.48626720905303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4660932123661041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779719074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2038057","display_name":"NADPH oxidase","level":3,"score":0.44867491722106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.36040419340133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3188406825065613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.2441062033176422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.12058305740356445}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005057","descriptor_name":"Eukaryotic Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006861","descriptor_name":"Hydrogen Peroxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010084","descriptor_name":"Oxidation-Reduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011387","descriptor_name":"Prokaryotic Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017382","descriptor_name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/emm.1999.9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/emm19999.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57588113","display_name":"Experimental & Molecular Medicine","issn_l":"1226-3613","issn":["1226-3613","2092-6413"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","kci-registered","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Experimental &amp; Molecular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10410302","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10410302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Experimental & molecular medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/emm.1999.9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.1999.9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/emm19999.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57588113","display_name":"Experimental & Molecular Medicine","issn_l":"1226-3613","issn":["1226-3613","2092-6413"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","kci-registered","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Experimental &amp; Molecular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2002467106.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2002467106.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W136378842","https://openalex.org/W1270671049","https://openalex.org/W1502941123","https://openalex.org/W1530957008","https://openalex.org/W1543985083","https://openalex.org/W1555938743","https://openalex.org/W1568529372","https://openalex.org/W1575826813","https://openalex.org/W1585457099","https://openalex.org/W1589043152","https://openalex.org/W1595716614","https://openalex.org/W1638074023","https://openalex.org/W1880220804","https://openalex.org/W1909526655","https://openalex.org/W1928541796","https://openalex.org/W1929009802","https://openalex.org/W1967099953","https://openalex.org/W1971334092","https://openalex.org/W1973129732","https://openalex.org/W1993619514","https://openalex.org/W2000586934","https://openalex.org/W2008577285","https://openalex.org/W2017265125","https://openalex.org/W2027300388","https://openalex.org/W2036503551","https://openalex.org/W2040470926","https://openalex.org/W2044149640","https://openalex.org/W2046761749","https://openalex.org/W2048569323","https://openalex.org/W2050465795","https://openalex.org/W2059129711","https://openalex.org/W2059555945","https://openalex.org/W2061152334","https://openalex.org/W2061954020","https://openalex.org/W2068625890","https://openalex.org/W2076396082","https://openalex.org/W2077180958","https://openalex.org/W2081748503","https://openalex.org/W2081748849","https://openalex.org/W2083316920","https://openalex.org/W2088805118","https://openalex.org/W2092463196","https://openalex.org/W2094259887","https://openalex.org/W2096609115","https://openalex.org/W2104251051","https://openalex.org/W2109893157","https://openalex.org/W2110076050","https://openalex.org/W2110182057","https://openalex.org/W2136573391","https://openalex.org/W2141243080","https://openalex.org/W2149870206","https://openalex.org/W2164066515","https://openalex.org/W2166662752","https://openalex.org/W2179490209","https://openalex.org/W2337457656","https://openalex.org/W2418338477","https://openalex.org/W4252025234"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978658307","https://openalex.org/W2081748503","https://openalex.org/W2119316269","https://openalex.org/W2054165134","https://openalex.org/W1994133951","https://openalex.org/W7098867137","https://openalex.org/W1978758119","https://openalex.org/W2095725380","https://openalex.org/W3013352992","https://openalex.org/W2026686875"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"superoxide":[1],"anions":[2],"(O2.-)":[3],"and":[4,59,105,125],"H2O2":[5],"are":[6],"generally":[7],"considered":[8],"to":[9,48,89,97,116],"be":[10,28],"toxic":[11],"by-products":[12],"of":[13,21,32,41,57,62,71,82,92,101,107,112,121],"respiration,":[14],"recent":[15],"evidence":[16],"suggests":[17],"that":[18],"the":[19,54,63,75,90],"production":[20,94],"these":[22],"reactive":[23],"oxygen":[24],"species":[25],"(ROS)":[26],"might":[27],"an":[29],"integral":[30],"component":[31],"membrane":[33],"receptor":[34,98],"signaling.":[35,73],"In":[36,74],"mammalian":[37],"cells,":[38],"a":[39,50,68,80],"variety":[40],"extracellular":[42],"stimuli":[43],"have":[44],"recently":[45],"been":[46],"shown":[47],"induce":[49],"transient":[51],"increase":[52],"in":[53,67,87,95],"intracellular":[55],"concentration":[56],"ROS,":[58],"specific":[60],"inhibition":[61],"ROS":[64,93,102,108],"generation":[65],"resulted":[66],"complete":[69],"blockage":[70],"stimulant-dependent":[72],"next":[76],"few":[77],"years,":[78],"therefore,":[79],"flurry":[81],"research":[83],"activity":[84],"is":[85,115],"expected":[86],"relation":[88],"elucidation":[91],"response":[96],"stimulation,":[99],"identification":[100],"target":[103],"molecules,":[104],"investigation":[106],"elimination.":[109],"The":[110],"goal":[111],"this":[113],"report":[114],"review":[117],"our":[118],"current":[119],"knowledge":[120],"ROS-regulated":[122],"signal":[123],"transduction":[124],"propose":[126],"future":[127],"directions.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":33}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
