{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002459244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196507012730102","title":"Treatment of Leukemia by Extracorporeal Irradiation","display_name":"Treatment of Leukemia by Extracorporeal Irradiation","publication_year":1965,"publication_date":"1965-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002459244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196507012730102","mag":"2002459244","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14297099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm196507012730102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196507012730102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196507012730102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077135046","display_name":"E. Donnall Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-7939","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-7939"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. D. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine (supported by a research career program award [1\u2013K6\u2013A1\u20132425\u201301] from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine (supported by a research career program award [1\u2013K6\u2013A1\u20132425\u201301] from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113937647","display_name":"Robert B. Epstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35344726","display_name":"United States Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I35344726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. B. Epstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Public Health Service Fellow (supported by a fellowship [5 F 2 AM-20,532\u201302] from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Public Health Service Fellow (supported by a fellowship [5 F 2 AM-20,532\u201302] from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35344726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111709737","display_name":"J. W. Eschbach","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35344726","display_name":"United States Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I35344726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. W. Eschbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Public Health Service Fellow"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Public Health Service Fellow","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35344726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D. Prager","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35344726","display_name":"United States Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I35344726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Prager","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Public Health Service Fellow (supported by a grant [T1-AM-5130\u201308] from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Public Health Service Fellow (supported by a grant [T1-AM-5130\u201308] from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35344726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108512612","display_name":"C. Dean Buckner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. D. Buckner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant in medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant in medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056445250","display_name":"George Marsaglia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Marsaglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["* Lecturer, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"* Lecturer, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.3361,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98720858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"273","issue":"1","first_page":"6","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11359","display_name":"Effects of Radiation Exposure","score":0.7172999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11359","display_name":"Effects of Radiation Exposure","score":0.7172999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10309","display_name":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research","score":0.1046999990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11157","display_name":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracorporeal-irradiation","display_name":"extracorporeal irradiation","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukemia-treatment","display_name":"leukemia treatment","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radioimmunotherapy","display_name":"radioimmunotherapy","score":0.5690000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779915274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1115882","display_name":"Extracorporeal","level":2,"score":0.8933113813400269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.776719331741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.5194222927093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778461978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29496","display_name":"Leukemia","level":2,"score":0.4962154030799866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777761686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q715347","display_name":"Lymphocyte","level":2,"score":0.46212053298950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.42027032375335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4031293988227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2450564205646515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007938","descriptor_name":"Leukemia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007945","descriptor_name":"Leukemia, Lymphoid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008214","descriptor_name":"Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000532","qualifier_name":"radiotherapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011879","descriptor_name":"Radiotherapy Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm196507012730102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196507012730102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196507012730102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14297099","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14297099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.766700029373169}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6380537","https://openalex.org/W142818183","https://openalex.org/W183882144","https://openalex.org/W1969532433","https://openalex.org/W1983684858","https://openalex.org/W1996615401","https://openalex.org/W2005045575","https://openalex.org/W2006151736","https://openalex.org/W2033453947","https://openalex.org/W2067202311","https://openalex.org/W2336181655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060220450","https://openalex.org/W141718814","https://openalex.org/W7097358178","https://openalex.org/W10162848","https://openalex.org/W2057660968","https://openalex.org/W7209355694","https://openalex.org/W2005045575","https://openalex.org/W2416993028","https://openalex.org/W2405450480","https://openalex.org/W2033072132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"THE":[0],"first":[1,51],"attempt":[2],"to":[3,43],"irradiate":[4],"the":[5,9,18,35,53,65,84,88,100],"circulating":[6,66,101],"blood":[7],"outside":[8],"body":[10],"was":[11],"made":[12],"by":[13,58],"Heymans1":[14],"in":[15,30,64,99],"1921.":[16],"In":[17,34],"following":[19],"three":[20,47],"decades":[21],"several":[22],"other":[23],"investigators":[24],"undertook":[25],"studies":[26,82],"of":[27,37,55,60,80,87,95],"extracorporeal":[28,40,69],"irradiation":[29,41],"animals-2":[31],"3":[32],"4":[33],"light":[36],"current":[38],"knowledge,":[39],"appears":[42],"have":[44,75],"at":[45],"least":[46],"important":[48],"objectives.":[49],"The":[50,90],"is":[52,93],"study":[54],"lymphocyte":[56,85],"physiology":[57,86],"destruction":[59,94],"these":[61],"radiosensitive":[62],"cells":[63,98],"blood.":[67],"Utilizing":[68],"irradiation,":[70],"Cronkite":[71],"and":[72],"his":[73],"colleagues5":[74],"carried":[76],"out":[77],"a":[78],"series":[79],"elegant":[81],"on":[83],"calf.":[89],"second":[91],"purpose":[92],"immunologically":[96],"competent":[97],".":[102,103,104]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}