{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002245253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","title":"Does This Patient Have Strep Throat?","display_name":"Does This Patient Have Strep Throat?","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002245253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","mag":"2002245253","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11147989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2002245253"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079531268","display_name":"Mark H. Ebell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3228-2877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3228-2877"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark H. Ebell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Family Practice, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1315, USA. mark.ebell@ht.msu.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Family Practice, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1315, USA. mark.ebell@ht.msu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M A Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M A Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H C Barry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H C Barry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Family and Community Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Family and Community Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"K Ives","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122032","display_name":"First Consulting Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/032778302","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Ives","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Consulting Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Consulting Group","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122032"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M Carey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Carey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":329,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97246267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"284","issue":"22","first_page":"2912","last_page":"2912"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11153","display_name":"Streptococcal Infections and Treatments","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11153","display_name":"Streptococcal Infections and Treatments","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12297","display_name":"Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12574","display_name":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcal-pharyngitis","display_name":"streptococcal pharyngitis","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-prediction-rules","display_name":"clinical prediction rules","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-examination","display_name":"physical examination","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-history","display_name":"medical history","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tonsillar-exudate","display_name":"tonsillar exudate","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/likelihood-ratios","display_name":"likelihood ratios","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-antigen-test","display_name":"rapid antigen test","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throat-culture","display_name":"throat culture","score":0.9819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777870961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1292082","display_name":"Sore throat","level":2,"score":0.9128549695014954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9037652015686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776989088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16364","display_name":"Throat","level":2,"score":0.8845489025115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777396925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3249179","display_name":"Throat culture","level":4,"score":0.8718444108963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085267","display_name":"Pharyngitis","level":2,"score":0.8210980892181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527108885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835153","display_name":"Physical examination","level":2,"score":0.7632302045822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.34728264808654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3345363736152649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2541564702987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778276568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190161","display_name":"Streptococcus","level":3,"score":0.13841339945793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008487","descriptor_name":"Medical History Taking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010612","descriptor_name":"Pharyngitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010612","descriptor_name":"Pharyngitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010808","descriptor_name":"Physical Examination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013290","descriptor_name":"Streptococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013290","descriptor_name":"Streptococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013297","descriptor_name":"Streptococcus pyogenes","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.22.2912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11147989","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11147989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137799681","https://openalex.org/W1560114018","https://openalex.org/W1560749405","https://openalex.org/W1833207062","https://openalex.org/W1843612978","https://openalex.org/W1919371125","https://openalex.org/W1947619581","https://openalex.org/W1965580277","https://openalex.org/W1967971558","https://openalex.org/W1972933551","https://openalex.org/W1977970329","https://openalex.org/W1979764628","https://openalex.org/W1979984651","https://openalex.org/W1980477727","https://openalex.org/W1989870129","https://openalex.org/W2005826766","https://openalex.org/W2019273574","https://openalex.org/W2024261824","https://openalex.org/W2032335417","https://openalex.org/W2035487024","https://openalex.org/W2037129517","https://openalex.org/W2039320123","https://openalex.org/W2057063853","https://openalex.org/W2070448316","https://openalex.org/W2073493981","https://openalex.org/W2081704793","https://openalex.org/W2083863908","https://openalex.org/W2084959231","https://openalex.org/W2095348029","https://openalex.org/W2104934527","https://openalex.org/W2113009004","https://openalex.org/W2130018358","https://openalex.org/W2145528956","https://openalex.org/W2147212203","https://openalex.org/W2161533301","https://openalex.org/W2325839020","https://openalex.org/W2339699658","https://openalex.org/W2410816005","https://openalex.org/W2416389823","https://openalex.org/W2428045876","https://openalex.org/W2615835708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1858835923","https://openalex.org/W2047678387","https://openalex.org/W2032984886","https://openalex.org/W1967971558","https://openalex.org/W2073493981","https://openalex.org/W2413752426","https://openalex.org/W7100077116","https://openalex.org/W2063556565","https://openalex.org/W2041617413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CONTEXT:":[0],"Sore":[1],"throat":[2,59,87,134,146,254],"is":[3,18,189,224],"a":[4,233],"common":[5],"complaint,":[6],"and":[7,30,39,62,81,85,116,158,161,178,211,241,253],"identifying":[8],"patients":[9,75],"with":[10,76],"group":[11],"A":[12],"beta-hemolytic":[13],"streptococcal":[14],"pharyngitis":[15],"(strep":[16],"throat)":[17,78],"an":[19],"important":[20],"task":[21],"for":[22,53,128,209],"clinicians.":[23],"Previous":[24],"reviews":[25],"have":[26],"not":[27],"systematically":[28],"reviewed":[29,113],"synthesized":[31],"the":[32,37,42,90,100,130,149,162],"evidence.":[33],"OBJECTIVE:":[34],"To":[35],"review":[36],"precision":[38],"accuracy":[40],"of":[41,57,110,132,137,164,184,219,249],"clinical":[43,204,235],"examination":[44,83,188,223],"in":[45,148,196],"diagnosing":[46],"strep":[47,58,133,145,200,231],"throat.":[48,201],"DATA":[49,107,122],"SOURCE:":[50],"MEDLINE":[51],"search":[52],"articles":[54,97],"about":[55],"diagnosis":[56],"using":[60,86],"history-taking":[61,185,220],"physical":[63,82,187,222],"examination.":[64],"STUDY":[65],"SELECTION:":[66],"Large":[67],"blinded,":[68],"prospective":[69],"studies":[70],"(having":[71],">":[72],"or":[73,142,171,186,197,221,229],"=300":[74],"sore":[77],"reporting":[79],"history":[80],"data":[84],"culture":[88],"as":[89],"reference":[91],"standard":[92],"were":[93],"included.":[94],"Of":[95],"917":[96],"identified":[98],"by":[99,192],"search,":[101],"9":[102],"met":[103],"all":[104],"inclusion":[105],"criteria.":[106],"EXTRACTION:":[108],"Pairs":[109],"authors":[111],"independently":[112],"each":[114],"article":[115],"used":[117],"consensus":[118],"to":[119,144,194,227],"resolve":[120],"discrepancies.":[121],"SYNTHESIS:":[123],"The":[124],"most":[125],"useful":[126,240],"findings":[127],"evaluating":[129],"likelihood":[131,154,174],"are":[135,207],"presence":[136],"tonsillar":[138,169],"exudate,":[139,141],"pharyngeal":[140],"exposure":[143],"infection":[147],"previous":[150],"2":[151],"weeks":[152],"(positive":[153],"ratios,":[155,175],"3.4,":[156],"2.1,":[157],"1.9,":[159],"respectively)":[160],"absence":[163],"tender":[165],"anterior":[166],"cervical":[167],"nodes,":[168],"enlargement,":[170],"exudate":[172],"(negative":[173],"0.60,":[176],"0.63,":[177],"0.74,":[179],"respectively).":[180],"No":[181],"individual":[182],"element":[183,218],"accurate":[190,226],"enough":[191],"itself":[193],"rule":[195,198,237],"out":[199],"Three":[202],"validated":[203],"prediction":[205,236],"rules":[206],"described":[208],"adult":[210],"pediatric":[212],"populations.":[213],"CONCLUSIONS:":[214],"While":[215],"no":[216],"single":[217],"sufficiently":[225],"exclude":[228],"diagnose":[230],"throat,":[232],"well-validated":[234],"can":[238,242],"be":[239],"help":[243],"physicians":[244],"make":[245],"more":[246],"informed":[247],"use":[248],"rapid":[250],"antigen":[251],"tests":[252],"cultures.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-11-15T12:55:33.944570","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
