{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002207874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0014","title":"Leaving the Good Mother: Frances E. W. Harper, Lydia Maria Child, and the Literary Politics of Reconstruction","display_name":"Leaving the Good Mother: Frances E. W. Harper, Lydia Maria Child, and the Literary Politics of Reconstruction","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002207874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0014","mag":"2002207874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/leg.0.0014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45282085","display_name":"Legacy A Journal of American Women Writers","issn_l":"0748-4321","issn":["0748-4321","1534-0643"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315577","host_organization_name":"Society for the Study of American Women Writers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for the Study of American Women Writers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Legacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080054608","display_name":"Alice Rutkowski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alice Rutkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080054608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24726431,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"83","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14494","display_name":"American Literature and Culture","score":0.4490000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14494","display_name":"American Literature and Culture","score":0.4490000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.19580000638961792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10011","display_name":"Literature: history, themes, analysis","score":0.06480000168085098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frances-e-w-harper","display_name":"Frances E. W. Harper","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lydia-maria-child","display_name":"Lydia Maria Child","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconstruction-era","display_name":"Reconstruction","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exodus","display_name":"Exodus","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biblical-references","display_name":"biblical allusion","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literary-politics","display_name":"literary politics","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-women-writers","display_name":"African American women writers","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exodus-12","display_name":"Exodus 12","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emancipation","display_name":"emancipation","score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/william-still","display_name":"William Still","score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nineteenth-century-american-literature","display_name":"nineteenth-century American literature","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allegory","display_name":"allegory","score":0.45899999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164913051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482","display_name":"Poetry","level":2,"score":0.7594085931777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36082774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4731385","display_name":"Allegory","level":2,"score":0.6667220592498779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6386891603469849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6254705190658569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781153986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380351","display_name":"Emancipation","level":3,"score":0.5118510127067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.46958866715431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151719136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3972943","display_name":"Publishing","level":2,"score":0.4295438826084137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.42883431911468506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4207111597061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.37614500522613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.3679719865322113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3647145926952362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.24937406182289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/leg.0.0014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45282085","display_name":"Legacy A Journal of American Women Writers","issn_l":"0748-4321","issn":["0748-4321","1534-0643"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315577","host_organization_name":"Society for the Study of American Women Writers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for the Study of American Women Writers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Legacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/237600","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/237600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76500100","https://openalex.org/W422727768","https://openalex.org/W579174007","https://openalex.org/W615958999","https://openalex.org/W639029275","https://openalex.org/W647774738","https://openalex.org/W1481410213","https://openalex.org/W1499113200","https://openalex.org/W1503558748","https://openalex.org/W1503953166","https://openalex.org/W1536822762","https://openalex.org/W1552588659","https://openalex.org/W1557389294","https://openalex.org/W1560450363","https://openalex.org/W1756393863","https://openalex.org/W1965730819","https://openalex.org/W1973584726","https://openalex.org/W1983627103","https://openalex.org/W1985635015","https://openalex.org/W2017302100","https://openalex.org/W2023181282","https://openalex.org/W2025886225","https://openalex.org/W2056358159","https://openalex.org/W2058397874","https://openalex.org/W2073874942","https://openalex.org/W2076276765","https://openalex.org/W2076619207","https://openalex.org/W2100958086","https://openalex.org/W2326148527","https://openalex.org/W2328580410","https://openalex.org/W2493031258","https://openalex.org/W2795542924","https://openalex.org/W2795944547","https://openalex.org/W2802083827","https://openalex.org/W3083628861","https://openalex.org/W3108004990","https://openalex.org/W3164783094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4289704513","https://openalex.org/W4412390070","https://openalex.org/W2971383070","https://openalex.org/W4299432336","https://openalex.org/W3164783094","https://openalex.org/W4244533312","https://openalex.org/W2579651932","https://openalex.org/W3142379977","https://openalex.org/W3119374585","https://openalex.org/W4412390027"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"African":[0],"American":[1,411,581,625],"activist":[2],"and":[3,75,158,189,197,254,305,352,410,443,490,516,521,564,601],"poet":[4,31],"Frances":[5,154,164],"E.":[6,155],"W.":[7,156],"Harper":[8,25,53,112,157,167,228,264,398,548],"gained":[9],"attention":[10],"in":[11,85,103,120,147,169,190,236,251,424,458,472,579,605],"the":[622],"1850s":[13],"with":[14,362,526,535,541],"her":[15,37],"passionate":[16],"antislavery":[17,591,634],"poetry;":[18],"end":[20],"of":[21,45,58,82,129,141,153,176,270,276,298,334,358,367,403,466,475,484,503,538,555,569,624,632],"war":[23],"saw":[24],"publishing":[26],"anew.":[27],"But":[28],"for":[29,135,288,440,576,598],"a":[30,61,67,76,87,92,309,356,433,501,553,556,595],"who":[32,344,559],"carefully":[33],"shaped":[34],"responses":[35],"to":[36,109,122,266,294,355,372,376,574,585],"work":[38,131],"by":[39,187,360],"unambiguously":[40],"referencing":[41],"current":[42],"events,":[43],"some":[44],"Harper's":[46,130,246,384,417,498,530],"postwar":[47,477],"publications":[48],"seemed":[49],"inscrutable.":[50],"In":[51,179,318],"1869,":[52],"published":[54],"Moses:":[55],"A":[56,159,163],"Story":[57],"Nile,":[60],"book":[62,101],"containing":[63],"two":[64,148,183,543],"items:":[65],"Moses,":[539],"forty-one-page":[68],"eponymous":[69],"poem":[70,243,385],"that":[71,239,279,301,306,416,468,529],"elaborately":[72],"revises":[73],"Exodus,":[74,337],"four-page":[77],"prose":[78],"allegory,":[79],"The":[545],"Mission":[194,527],"Flowers,":[84],"which":[86,425],"rose":[88],"tree":[89],"magically":[90],"transforms":[91],"garden's":[93],"other":[94,247,319],"flowers":[95],"into":[96],"roses.":[97],"By":[98],"1870,":[99],"was":[102,303,436,627],"its":[104,524],"third":[105],"edition,":[106],"and,":[107],"according":[108],"William":[110],"Still,":[111],"often":[113,284],"read":[114,241,497],"from":[115,173,336,507,513,629],"Moses":[271,295,335,348,370,550,570],"when":[117],"she":[118,426],"spoke":[119],"public,":[121],"warmly":[123],"positive":[124],"reviews":[125],"(779).":[126],"Contemporary":[127],"editions":[128],"offer":[132],"no":[133],"context":[134],"understanding":[136,523],"this":[137,387,413],"seemingly":[138],"strange":[139],"pair":[140],"texts.":[142],"has":[144,549],"been":[145,203],"reprinted":[146],"anthologies,":[149],"Complete":[151,192],"Poems":[152],"Brighter":[160],"Coming":[161],"Day:":[162],"Ellen":[165,618],"Watkins":[166],"Reader,":[168],"both":[170],"cases":[171,485],"separated":[172,186],"Flowers.":[178],"former,":[181],"pieces":[184],"are":[185],"genre,":[188],"Poems,":[193],"is":[195,208,238,339,349,382,399,419,427,552,588],"simply":[196,454,534],"silently":[198],"excised.":[199],"Critical":[200],"readings":[201],"have":[202,235],"equally":[204],"puzzling.":[205],"When":[206],"granted":[209],"any":[210],"attention,":[211],"(1)":[212],"most":[213],"critics":[214],"focus":[215],"on":[216],"identifying":[217,361],"Moses--as":[218],"Abraham":[219],"Lincoln,":[220],"John":[221],"Brown,":[222],"Harriet":[223],"Tubman,":[224],"or":[225],"even":[226],"as":[227,244,286,500,617],"herself.":[229],"(2)":[230],"What":[231],"these":[232],"divergent":[233],"interpretations":[234],"common":[237],"they":[240],"backward-looking.":[245],"writings":[248],"intervene":[249],"vigorously":[250],"here":[253],"now.":[255],"Why,":[256],"then,":[257],"four":[258],"years":[259],"after":[260,313],"legal":[261],"emancipation,":[262],"would":[263,446],"choose":[265],"adapt":[267],"story":[269,324],"leading":[272],"Hebrews":[274,379,409],"out":[275],"slavery?":[277],"Consider":[278],"while":[280,397],"name":[282],"serves":[285],"shorthand":[287],"great":[310],"leader,":[290],"not":[291,340,453,505,533],"all":[292],"allusions":[293],"make":[296],"use":[297,402],"fact":[300],"he":[302,307,381],"adopted":[304,612],"became":[308],"leader":[311],"only":[312,506],"leaving":[314],"his":[315,363,542],"adoptive":[316],"home.":[317],"words,":[320],"original":[322],"biblical":[323],"inverts":[325],"standard":[327],"rags-to-riches":[328],"narrative.":[329],"Brevard":[330],"S.":[331],"Childs":[332],"writes":[333],"He":[338],"an":[341,580],"unknown":[342],"child":[343],"becomes":[345],"king.":[346],"...":[347,479],"first":[350],"'exalted'":[351],"later":[353],"returns":[354],"position":[357],"humility":[359],"people":[364],"(The":[365],"Book":[366],"Exodus":[368],"12).":[369],"chooses":[371],"leave":[373],"Pharaoh's":[374,586],"household":[375],"lead":[377],"because":[380],"Hebrew.":[383],"foregrounds":[386],"leave-taking:":[388],"It":[389],"takes":[390],"up":[391],"nearly":[392],"half":[393],"text.":[395],"So":[396],"certainly":[400],"making":[401],"longstanding":[405],"analogy":[406],"between":[407],"ancient":[408],"blacks,":[412],"choice":[414],"suggests":[415,528],"subject":[418],"Reconstruction,":[420],"historical":[422],"moment":[423],"writing.":[428],"For":[429],"newly":[430],"freed":[431],"slaves,":[432],"crucial":[434],"question":[435],"whether":[437],"their":[438],"quest":[439],"civil,":[441],"political,":[442],"social":[444],"equality":[445],"receive":[447],"white":[448,592,609],"assistance.":[449],"Many":[450],"whites":[451,491],"were":[452,487],"unhelpful--they":[455],"stood":[456],"defiantly":[457],"way.":[460],"Eric":[461],"Foner":[462],"details":[463],"wave":[465],"violence":[467],"raged":[469],"almost":[470],"unchecked":[471],"large":[473],"parts":[474],"South.":[478],"[I]n":[480],"vast":[482],"majority":[483],"freedmen":[486],"victims":[489],"aggressors":[493],"(119).":[494],"Thus,":[495],"I":[496],"declaration":[502],"independence":[504],"paternalistic":[508],"former":[509,514],"owners,":[510],"but":[511,540],"also":[512],"friends":[515],"allies.":[517],"Closely":[518],"reading":[519],"clearly":[522],"pairing":[525],"interests":[531],"lie":[532],"figure":[537,568],"mothers.":[544],"mother":[546],"whom":[547],"reject":[551],"woman":[554],"different":[557],"race":[558],"sheltered":[560],"him":[561],"during":[562],"infancy":[563],"childhood.":[565],"If":[566],"can":[571],"be":[572],"said":[573],"stand":[575],"oppressed":[577],"blacks":[578],"context,":[582],"analogue":[584],"daughter":[587],"radical":[590],"woman,":[593],"long":[594],"powerful":[596],"voice":[597],"voiceless":[600],"suffering":[602],"slave.":[603],"Beginning":[604],"1830s,":[607],"many":[608],"feminists":[610],"wholeheartedly":[611],"abolitionist":[614],"cause.":[615],"Indeed,":[616],"Carol":[619],"DuBois":[620],"writes,":[621],"development":[623],"feminism":[626],"inseparable":[628],"unfolding":[631],"drama":[635],"(31).":[636],"\u2026":[637]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}