{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001685281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/la801820s","title":"Attachment of Human Primary Osteoblast Cells to Modified Polyethylene Surfaces","display_name":"Attachment of Human Primary Osteoblast Cells to Modified Polyethylene Surfaces","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001685281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/la801820s","mag":"2001685281","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19275183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/la801820s","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/la801820s","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/la801820s","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75741262","display_name":"Langmuir","issn_l":"0743-7463","issn":["0743-7463","1520-5827"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Langmuir","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028089758","display_name":"Alexandra H.C. Poulsson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandra H. C. Poulsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113776784","display_name":"Stephen Mitchell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen A. Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079097609","display_name":"Marcus R. Davidson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus R. Davidson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112378349","display_name":"Alan J. Johnstone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan J. Johnstone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089142548","display_name":"Neil Emmison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Emmison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101692089","display_name":"Robert H. Bradley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5770-2279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5770-2279"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I522815984","display_name":"Robert Gordon University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f0qj703","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert H. Bradley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 1FR, and School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028089758","https://openalex.org/A5101692089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I522815984"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2692,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8587231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"6","first_page":"3718","last_page":"3727"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.9312000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.9312000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10859","display_name":"Polymer Surface Interaction Studies","score":0.05469999834895134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10512","display_name":"Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene","display_name":"ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-attachment","display_name":"cell attachment","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-hydrophilicity","display_name":"surface hydrophilicity","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-guidance","display_name":"contact guidance","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracellular-matrix-mineralization","display_name":"extracellular matrix mineralization","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-integration","display_name":"tissue integration","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-implants","display_name":"bone implants","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-energy","display_name":"surface energy","score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-proliferation","display_name":"cell proliferation","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-adsorption","display_name":"protein adsorption","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spherulite-formation","display_name":"spherulite formation","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteogenic-differentiation","display_name":"osteogenic differentiation","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-roughness","display_name":"surface roughness","score":0.3100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175708663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899559","display_name":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.8105407357215881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6556556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899239","display_name":"Contact angle","level":2,"score":0.7062119841575623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143429","display_name":"Polyethylene","level":2,"score":0.6469395756721497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.6051440834999084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901959","display_name":"Surface energy","level":2,"score":0.5957231521606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88001094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251453","display_name":"Protein adsorption","level":3,"score":0.5745168924331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5476105213165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.5061323046684265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993","display_name":"Surface modification","level":2,"score":0.49469801783561707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.49453064799308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107365816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114817","display_name":"Surface roughness","level":2,"score":0.44660690426826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.43938109278678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.39550986886024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3927234411239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.37481576204299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.15816974639892578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.10775619745254517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.10763496160507202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.07782915234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002448","descriptor_name":"Cell Adhesion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008855","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron, Scanning","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010006","descriptor_name":"Osteoblasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010126","descriptor_name":"Ozone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011095","descriptor_name":"Polyethylenes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014466","descriptor_name":"Ultraviolet Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014965","descriptor_name":"X-Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018625","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Atomic Force","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018929","descriptor_name":"Cell Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018929","descriptor_name":"Cell Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020959","descriptor_name":"Polyethylene","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049109","descriptor_name":"Cell Proliferation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/la801820s","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/la801820s","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/la801820s","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75741262","display_name":"Langmuir","issn_l":"0743-7463","issn":["0743-7463","1520-5827"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Langmuir","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19275183","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19275183","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172064758","https://openalex.org/W1494185291","https://openalex.org/W1966296130","https://openalex.org/W1966816365","https://openalex.org/W1967131726","https://openalex.org/W1968421448","https://openalex.org/W1968977080","https://openalex.org/W1972081276","https://openalex.org/W1974332257","https://openalex.org/W1977687828","https://openalex.org/W1982812308","https://openalex.org/W1984828524","https://openalex.org/W1986638085","https://openalex.org/W1987606091","https://openalex.org/W1987659834","https://openalex.org/W1989002893","https://openalex.org/W1993218977","https://openalex.org/W1997363501","https://openalex.org/W1998481172","https://openalex.org/W1999684723","https://openalex.org/W2001270660","https://openalex.org/W2008124574","https://openalex.org/W2013775803","https://openalex.org/W2014451845","https://openalex.org/W2031129554","https://openalex.org/W2033315140","https://openalex.org/W2033797242","https://openalex.org/W2035234121","https://openalex.org/W2035684589","https://openalex.org/W2039110413","https://openalex.org/W2040012180","https://openalex.org/W2048993028","https://openalex.org/W2054756968","https://openalex.org/W2055887289","https://openalex.org/W2057830569","https://openalex.org/W2059557730","https://openalex.org/W2060065178","https://openalex.org/W2062583447","https://openalex.org/W2072827131","https://openalex.org/W2073581691","https://openalex.org/W2076664149","https://openalex.org/W2084876428","https://openalex.org/W2090106568","https://openalex.org/W2093890231","https://openalex.org/W2103907018","https://openalex.org/W2109441210","https://openalex.org/W2111586743","https://openalex.org/W2118598516","https://openalex.org/W2131943772","https://openalex.org/W2135228968","https://openalex.org/W2148304597","https://openalex.org/W2151938305","https://openalex.org/W2152709546","https://openalex.org/W2160360440","https://openalex.org/W2189362338","https://openalex.org/W2278657244","https://openalex.org/W2943761892","https://openalex.org/W4388955441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7201972541","https://openalex.org/W2526888235","https://openalex.org/W7155364688","https://openalex.org/W2922311104","https://openalex.org/W2474221504","https://openalex.org/W4296025831","https://openalex.org/W2988462888","https://openalex.org/W2035684589","https://openalex.org/W2936210519","https://openalex.org/W793307207"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ultra-high-molecular-weight":[0],"polyethylene":[1],"(UHMWPE)":[2],"has":[3],"a":[4,66,106,199],"long":[5],"history":[6],"of":[7,31,48,52,69,75,83,88,98,165,309,345,353,359,410,431],"use":[8],"in":[9,41,142,189,403],"medical":[10],"devices,":[11],"primarily":[12],"for":[13,65,203,251,436],"articulating":[14],"surfaces":[15,82,170,258,299,317,336,372],"due":[16],"to":[17,54,61,81,105,147,155,217,228,237,273,342,395,420],"its":[18],"inherent":[19],"low":[20],"surface":[21,34,42,90,96,111,124,143,157,190,434],"energy":[22,35,43],"which":[23,138,340],"limits":[24],"tissue":[25,56,277],"integration.":[26],"To":[27],"widen":[28],"the":[29,33,46,99,121,156,176,214,239,246,255,288,296,310,315,328,333,346,360,365,369,393,400,407,424,429,433],"applications":[30],"UHMWPE,":[32],"can":[36],"be":[37,63,421],"increased.":[38],"The":[39,71,95,109,159],"increase":[40,141,188],"would":[44],"improve":[45],"adsorption":[47],"proteins":[49],"and":[50,73,120,123,133,168,175,194,213,221,223,233,241,261,291,304,321,377,398,416],"attachment":[51,72,193,220],"cells":[53,80,249,274,289,311,329,347,367],"allow":[55],"integration,":[57],"thereby":[58],"allowing":[59],"UHMWPE":[60,84,100,257,298,303,316,335,371,426],"potentially":[62],"used":[64],"wider":[67],"range":[68],"implants.":[70],"function":[74],"human":[76],"primary":[77,437],"osteoblast-like":[78],"(HOB)":[79],"with":[85,151,181,259],"various":[86],"levels":[87],"incorporated":[89,266],"oxygen":[91,144,183,265],"have":[92],"been":[93],"investigated.":[94],"modification":[97],"was":[101,113,171,312,373],"produced":[102],"by":[103,128,245,318,337,348,364,375,387],"exposure":[104],"UV/ozone":[107],"treatment.":[108],"resulting":[110],"chemistry":[112,435],"studied":[114],"using":[115,211],"X-ray":[116,225],"photoelectron":[117],"spectroscopy":[118],"(XPS),":[119],"topography":[122],"structure":[125],"were":[126,196,209,330,382,418],"probed":[127],"atomic":[129],"force":[130],"microscopy":[131,136],"(AFM)":[132],"scanning":[134],"electron":[135,324],"(SEM),":[137],"showed":[139,267,326],"an":[140,187,351],"from":[145,281],"11":[146],"26":[148,262],"atom":[149,263],"%":[150,264],"no":[152],"significant":[153],"change":[154],"topography.":[158],"absolute":[160],"root":[161],"mean":[162],"square":[163],"roughness":[164],"both":[166,319],"untreated":[167,302],"UV/ozone-treated":[169,297],"within":[172],"350-450":[173],"nm,":[174],"water":[177],"contact":[178],"angles":[179],"decreased":[180],"increasing":[182],"incorporation,":[184],"i.e.,":[185],"showing":[186],"hydrophilicity.":[191],"Cell":[192],"functionality":[195],"assessed":[197],"over":[198],"21":[200,252],"day":[201,282,338,349,388],"period":[202],"each":[204],"cell-surface":[205],"combination":[206],"studied;":[207],"these":[208],"performed":[210],"SEM":[212,320,376],"alamarBlue":[215],"assay":[216,236],"study":[218],"cell":[219,270,385,413],"proliferation":[222],"energy-dispersive":[224],"(EDX)":[226],"analysis":[227,391],"confirm":[229],"extracellular":[230,242,361],"mineral":[231,408],"deposits,":[232],"total":[234],"protein":[235,243],"examine":[238],"intra-":[240],"expressed":[244,363],"cells.":[247,439],"HOB":[248,366,438],"cultured":[250,275],"days":[253],"on":[254,276,295,301,314,332,368,423],"modified":[256,334,370],"19":[260],"significantly":[268],"higher":[269],"densities":[271],"compared":[272],"culture":[278],"polystyrene":[279],"(TCPS)":[280],"3":[283],"onward.":[284],"This":[285],"indicated":[286],"that":[287,327],"attached":[290],"proliferated":[292],"more":[293],"readily":[294],"than":[300],"TCPS":[305],"surfaces.":[306],"Contact":[307],"guidance":[308],"observed":[313,383],"AFM.":[322],"Scanning":[323],"micrographs":[325],"confluent":[331],"10,":[339],"led":[341],"visible":[343],"layering":[344],"21,":[350],"indicator":[352],"nodule":[354],"formation.":[355],"In":[356],"vitro":[357],"mineralization":[358,417],"matrix":[362],"confirmed":[374,392],"EDX":[378,390],"analysis;":[379],"spherulite":[380],"structures":[381],"near":[384],"protrusions":[386],"21.":[389],"spherulites":[394],"contain":[396],"calcium":[397,404],"phosphorus,":[399],"major":[401],"constituents":[402],"phosphate":[405],"apatite,":[406],"phase":[409],"bone.":[411],"Overall":[412],"attachment,":[414],"functionality,":[415],"found":[419],"enhanced":[422],"UV/ozone-modified":[425],"surfaces,":[427],"demonstrating":[428],"importance":[430],"optimizing":[432]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}