{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001373300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/322669","title":"Persistence of Immunoglobulin M or Immunoglobulin G Antibody Responses to Borrelia burgdorferi 10\u201320 Years after Active Lyme Disease","display_name":"Persistence of Immunoglobulin M or Immunoglobulin G Antibody Responses to Borrelia burgdorferi 10\u201320 Years after Active Lyme Disease","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001373300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/322669","mag":"2001373300","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11512082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/322669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/322669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/322669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72350973","display_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1058-4838","issn":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070623904","display_name":"Robert A. Kalish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1638-4243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1638-4243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert\u00a0A. Kalish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. rkalish@lifespan.org","Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. rkalish@lifespan.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109879206","display_name":"Gail McHugh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gail McHugh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068541281","display_name":"John Granquist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Granquist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081707692","display_name":"Barry S. Shea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3205-026X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3205-026X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Shea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023351400","display_name":"Robin Ruthazer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin Ruthazer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Care Research, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Care Research, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071151203","display_name":"Allen C. Steere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-9853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-9853"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allen\u00a0C. Steere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070623904"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1290900354"],"apc_list":{"value":4763,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4763},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7539,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":322,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95088733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"6","first_page":"780","last_page":"785"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10296","display_name":"Vector-borne infectious diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10296","display_name":"Vector-borne infectious diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11899","display_name":"Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11934","display_name":"Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/borrelia-burgdorferi","display_name":"Borrelia burgdorferi","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyme-disease","display_name":"Lyme disease","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/igm","display_name":"IgM","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/igg","display_name":"IgG","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-persistence","display_name":"antibody persistence","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serological-diagnosis","display_name":"serological diagnosis","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyme-arthritis","display_name":"Lyme arthritis","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirochetes","display_name":"spirochetes","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-follow-up","display_name":"long-term follow-up","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2723634","display_name":"Borrelia burgdorferi","level":3,"score":0.9132007360458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777553296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201989","display_name":"Lyme disease","level":2,"score":0.9128741025924683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.7680891752243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779553505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845770","display_name":"Spirochaetaceae","level":4,"score":0.7199680805206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7037980556488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6571130752563477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.6052163243293762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776307562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15968355","display_name":"LYME","level":4,"score":0.5844017863273621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776553844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79451","display_name":"Immunoglobulin M","level":4,"score":0.5539603233337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79448","display_name":"Immunoglobulin G","level":3,"score":0.5115472078323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780508971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115528","display_name":"Borrelia","level":4,"score":0.49593743681907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.4436839818954468}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000907","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004797","descriptor_name":"Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007074","descriptor_name":"Immunoglobulin G","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007075","descriptor_name":"Immunoglobulin M","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008193","descriptor_name":"Lyme Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008193","descriptor_name":"Lyme Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015153","descriptor_name":"Blotting, Western","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015748","descriptor_name":"Borrelia burgdorferi Group","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/322669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/322669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/322669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72350973","display_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1058-4838","issn":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11512082","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11512082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8560000061988831,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G461137698","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCU110291","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26089772","https://openalex.org/W53185790","https://openalex.org/W1973203032","https://openalex.org/W1977186913","https://openalex.org/W1993500869","https://openalex.org/W1999500526","https://openalex.org/W2011276680","https://openalex.org/W2016216159","https://openalex.org/W2070608627","https://openalex.org/W2077616632","https://openalex.org/W2081738938","https://openalex.org/W2103128190","https://openalex.org/W2106168587","https://openalex.org/W2122681831","https://openalex.org/W2132546705","https://openalex.org/W2143290573","https://openalex.org/W2162689245","https://openalex.org/W2171535453","https://openalex.org/W2340956288","https://openalex.org/W2919562908","https://openalex.org/W2992172524","https://openalex.org/W4239494812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057266757","https://openalex.org/W1575369688","https://openalex.org/W2569316667","https://openalex.org/W7100543116","https://openalex.org/W2601651038","https://openalex.org/W2076721603","https://openalex.org/W2100239481","https://openalex.org/W2134469540","https://openalex.org/W2052523885","https://openalex.org/W173949380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"interpretation":[1],"of":[2,23,42,132],"serological":[3,21],"results":[4],"for":[5,123],"patients":[6,25,49,91],"who":[7,26,50,92],"had":[8,27,28,51,52,60,70,93,94,100,107],"Lyme":[9,29,44,54,95],"disease":[10,30,55],"many":[11],"years":[12,32],"ago":[13,33],"is":[14],"not":[15,36,130],"well":[16],"defined.":[17],"We":[18],"studied":[19],"the":[20,47,74,89,111],"status":[22],"79":[24],"10-20":[31,124],"and":[34,66,85,103],"did":[35],"currently":[37,59,99],"have":[38],"signs":[39],"or":[40,114],"symptoms":[41],"active":[43,133],"disease.":[45],"Of":[46,88],"40":[48],"early":[53],"alone,":[56],"4":[57],"(10%)":[58],"IgM":[61,101,113],"responses":[62,102,117,128],"to":[63,73,110,118],"Borrelia":[64],"burgdorferi,":[65],"10":[67],"(25%)":[68],"still":[69,106],"IgG":[71,108,115],"reactivity":[72,109],"spirochete,":[75],"as":[76],"determined":[77],"by":[78],"a":[79],"2-test":[80],"approach":[81],"(enzyme-linked":[82],"immunosorbent":[83],"assay":[84],"Western":[86],"blot).":[87],"39":[90],"arthritis,":[96],"6":[97],"(15%)":[98],"24":[104],"(62%)":[105],"spirochete.":[112],"antibody":[116],"B.":[119],"burgdorferi":[120],"may":[121],"persist":[122],"years,":[125],"but":[126],"these":[127],"are":[129],"indicative":[131],"infection.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}