{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001194044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","title":"The pigments of Artemia","display_name":"The pigments of Artemia","publication_year":1960,"publication_date":"1960-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001194044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","mag":"2001194044","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13850036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108363547","display_name":"Barbara M. Gilchrist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124357947","display_name":"University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98640878","display_name":"Bedford College","ror":"https://ror.org/01aa0nz04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252469","https://openalex.org/I98640878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara M. Gilchrist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Scholar  Find this author on PubMed","Bedford College University of London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar  Find this author on PubMed","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bedford College University of London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98640878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042328891","display_name":"Jeffrey D Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-3361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-3361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124357947","display_name":"University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98640878","display_name":"Bedford College","ror":"https://ror.org/01aa0nz04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252469","https://openalex.org/I98640878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bedford College, University of London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bedford College, University of London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98640878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.8599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99039488,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"152","issue":"946","first_page":"118","last_page":"136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":0.6234999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":0.6234999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11004","display_name":"Crustacean biology and ecology","score":0.3391000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.012900000438094139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artemia-salina","display_name":"Artemia salina","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pigments","display_name":"pigments","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astaxanthin","display_name":"astaxanthin","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoids","display_name":"carotenoids","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematin","display_name":"hematin","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eggshell","display_name":"eggshell","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dunaliella-tertiolecta","display_name":"Dunaliella tertiolecta","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phaeodactylum-tricornutum","display_name":"Phaeodactylum tricornutum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ketocarotenoids","display_name":"ketocarotenoids","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoid-biosynthesis","display_name":"carotenoid biosynthesis","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xanthophylls","display_name":"xanthophylls","score":0.7820000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780962900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413740","display_name":"Astaxanthin","level":3,"score":0.9637355804443359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28781525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191907","display_name":"Carotenoid","level":2,"score":0.9096619486808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780655307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4911639","display_name":"Phaeodactylum tricornutum","level":3,"score":0.8067116737365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781298781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915566","display_name":"Dunaliella","level":3,"score":0.7281816005706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775873308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134772","display_name":"Brine shrimp","level":2,"score":0.6885446906089783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6631819009780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778411929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422067","display_name":"Lutein","level":3,"score":0.6382101774215698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781231385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96385","display_name":"Fucoxanthin","level":3,"score":0.5870720148086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125575132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216208","display_name":"Xanthophyll","level":3,"score":0.576833188533783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778159673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2441328","display_name":"Dunaliella salina","level":3,"score":0.5589954853057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777493002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q607883","display_name":"Violaxanthin","level":5,"score":0.4761110246181488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776143039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3347162","display_name":"Neoxanthin","level":5,"score":0.46358439326286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776099141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169337","display_name":"Zeaxanthin","level":4,"score":0.4339744448661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.4159984886646271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781200551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2080033","display_name":"Peridinin","level":4,"score":0.41247862577438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.4103417992591858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559758991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37868","display_name":"Algae","level":2,"score":0.30689650774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.14924007654190063}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001156","descriptor_name":"Artemia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001688","descriptor_name":"Biological Products","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003445","descriptor_name":"Crustacea","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010860","descriptor_name":"Pigments, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:13850036","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13850036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2466552072","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/75368","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.7778000235557556,"display_name":"Life below water"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.40450000762939453,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W563131500","https://openalex.org/W1870401903","https://openalex.org/W1977008836","https://openalex.org/W1982024448","https://openalex.org/W1986737610","https://openalex.org/W2004967124","https://openalex.org/W2008330103","https://openalex.org/W2014533168","https://openalex.org/W2034725041","https://openalex.org/W2042938106","https://openalex.org/W2055353402","https://openalex.org/W2055822968","https://openalex.org/W2074507134","https://openalex.org/W2089065163","https://openalex.org/W2114295356","https://openalex.org/W2128061967","https://openalex.org/W2134164376","https://openalex.org/W2137316012","https://openalex.org/W2155407920","https://openalex.org/W2160402684","https://openalex.org/W2261862699","https://openalex.org/W2288516167","https://openalex.org/W2297135905","https://openalex.org/W2324490311","https://openalex.org/W2328339209","https://openalex.org/W2334599547","https://openalex.org/W2342217488","https://openalex.org/W2401007075","https://openalex.org/W2413844158","https://openalex.org/W2496674382","https://openalex.org/W2506751892","https://openalex.org/W2606689118","https://openalex.org/W3042178742","https://openalex.org/W4229936885","https://openalex.org/W4301170090"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2466552072","https://openalex.org/W2084297296","https://openalex.org/W1990458439","https://openalex.org/W2093043437","https://openalex.org/W2085602012","https://openalex.org/W2017384969","https://openalex.org/W2084544464","https://openalex.org/W1489832453","https://openalex.org/W2014658195","https://openalex.org/W3033416454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,46,85,107],"eggs":[2],"of":[3,25,32,74,87,139,149,202,223],"the":[4,28,52,83,88,141,159,164,186,197,217,221,227,232,236],"brine":[5],"shrimp,":[6],"Artemia":[7,33,55,132,172,180,229],"salina,":[8],"vary":[9],"in":[10,27,37,51,63,82,145,163,171,196,216,226],"colour":[11,38],"from":[12,79,110,123],"pale":[13],"cream":[14],"to":[15,22,40,102,151,189],"dark":[16],"brown.":[17],"This":[18],"variation":[19],"is":[20,49,157,212,220],"due":[21],"different":[23],"amounts":[24,138],"haematin":[26],"egg":[29],"shells.":[30],"Nauplii":[31],"are":[34],"bright":[35],"orange":[36],"owing":[39],"a":[41,71,100,115,199,203],"carotenoid":[42,48,162],"pigment,":[43],"esterified":[44,155],"astaxanthin.":[45,210],"same":[47],"present":[50,81],"eggs.":[53],"Adult":[54,131],"which":[56,64,153],"has":[57,168],"been":[58,97,169],"reared":[59,133],"on":[60,134,178,182],"bakers\u2019":[61],"yeast,":[62],"we":[65],"found":[66,170,195,225],"no":[67],"carotenoids,":[68,143],"contains":[69],"only":[70],"small":[72],"amount":[73,201],"astaxanthin":[75,152,224],"ester,":[76],"presumably":[77],"derived":[78],"that":[80,214,231],"egg.":[84],"carotenoids":[86,108],"unicellular":[89],"algae":[90],"Dunaliella":[91,111,135],"tertiolecta":[92],"and":[93,120,129,144,156,230],"Phaeodactylum":[94,124,183],"tricornutum":[95],"have":[96],"examined":[98,173],"as":[99,207,209],"preliminary":[101],"feeding":[103],"experiments":[104],"with":[105],"Artemia.":[106],"identified":[109],"were":[112,125],"\u03b2-carotene,":[113,126],"\u03b3-carotene,":[114],"carotene":[116],"oxide,":[117],"lutein,":[118],"violaxanthin,":[119],"neoxanthin;":[121],"those":[122],"diadinoxanthin,":[127],"fucoxanthin":[128],"neofucoxanthin.":[130],"retains":[136,184],"varying":[137],"all":[140,185],"algal":[142,187,218],"addition":[146],"changes":[147],"some":[148,190],"them":[150],"becomes":[154],"quantitatively":[158],"most":[160],"abundant":[161],"animal.":[165],"A":[166],"keto-carotenoid":[167,204],"soon":[174],"after":[175],"being":[176],"fed":[177,181],"Dunaliella.":[179],"xanthophylls":[188],"extent.":[191],"No":[192],"\u03b2-carotene":[193,215],"was":[194,205],"animals;":[198],"large":[200],"found,":[206],"well":[208],"There":[211],"evidence":[213],"food":[219],"precursor":[222],"adult":[228],"transformation":[233],"proceeds":[234],"through":[235],"keto-carotenoids.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}