{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001091600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","title":"Agronomic and Economic Response of Spring Wheat Cultivars to Ethephon","display_name":"Agronomic and Economic Response of Spring Wheat Cultivars to Ethephon","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001091600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","mag":"2001091600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139950591","display_name":"Agronomy Journal","issn_l":"0002-1962","issn":["0002-1962","1072-9623","1435-0645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A. Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Frontier Province Agric. Univ. Peshawa Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Frontier Province Agric. Univ. Peshawa Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071256188","display_name":"LeRoy A. Spilde","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57328836","display_name":"North Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1bnb22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. Spilde","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Dakota State Univ. Fargo 58105"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Dakota State Univ. Fargo 58105","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071256188"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"3","first_page":"399","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.8353999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.8353999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.15119999647140503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11229","display_name":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethephon","display_name":"ethephon","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring-wheat","display_name":"spring wheat","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat","display_name":"wheat","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth-regulators","display_name":"plant growth regulators","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lodging-control","display_name":"lodging control","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spikes-per-square-meter","display_name":"spikes per square meter","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-weight","display_name":"test weight","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-protein-content","display_name":"grain protein content","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-returns","display_name":"economic returns","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-rate-of-return","display_name":"marginal rate of return","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-dakota","display_name":"North Dakota","score":0.7519999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780751777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209355","display_name":"Ethephon","level":4,"score":0.9764949083328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.7959601283073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7197930812835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.6062865257263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4947595000267029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4265287518501282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4048672616481781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3279627561569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151313","display_name":"Ethylene","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400030010x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139950591","display_name":"Agronomy Journal","issn_l":"0002-1962","issn":["0002-1962","1072-9623","1435-0645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006794493","https://openalex.org/W2050599100","https://openalex.org/W2094476058","https://openalex.org/W2010431620","https://openalex.org/W2060149106","https://openalex.org/W2074969656","https://openalex.org/W2055586253","https://openalex.org/W1978961762","https://openalex.org/W4246664862","https://openalex.org/W4320023970"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Efforts":[1],"to":[2,45,59,117,144,220],"optimize":[3],"grain":[4,131,187],"yields":[5],"in":[6,43,72,81,96,165,170,222],"wheat":[7,70],"(Triticum":[8],"aestivum":[9],"L.)":[10],"are":[11],"often":[12],"hindered":[13],"by":[14],"excessive":[15],"lodging":[16,47,164],"associated":[17],"with":[18,86],"intensive":[19,39],"cereal":[20,40],"management":[21,41],"systems.":[22],"The":[23,53],"plant":[24],"growth":[25],"regulator":[26],"ethephon":[27,64,118,125,141,174,202],"[(2\u2010chloroethyl)":[28],"phosphonic":[29],"acid]":[30],"has":[31],"been":[32],"used":[33,90],"as":[34],"an":[35],"essential":[36],"component":[37],"of":[38,55,63,93,104,124,173,199],"systems":[42],"Europe":[44],"control":[46,120],"and":[48,98,110,112,119,138,157,190,196,210],"maintain":[49],"high":[50],"yield":[51,132],"potential.":[52],"objective":[54],"this":[56,223],"study":[57],"was":[58,89,168],"determine":[60],"the":[61,105],"effect":[62,153,179],"on":[65,154,180],"four":[66,87,94],"hard":[67],"red":[68],"spring":[69],"cultivars":[71,106,207],"North":[73],"Dakota":[74],"environments.":[75],"A":[76],"randomized":[77],"complete":[78],"block":[79],"design":[80],"a":[82,176],"split":[83,113],"plot":[84,101],"arrangement":[85],"replicates":[88],"at":[91],"each":[92],"locations":[95],"1987":[97],"1988.":[99,171],"Main":[100],"treatments":[102],"consisted":[103],"Era,":[107,208],"Stoa,":[108,211],"Len,":[109,209],"Nordic,":[111],"plots":[114],"were":[115],"assigned":[116],"(no":[121],"ethephon).":[122],"Application":[123,172],"(280":[126],"g":[127],"a.i.":[128],"ha\u22121)":[129],"increased":[130],"5.4%":[133],"when":[134],"averaged":[135],"across":[136],"environments":[137],"cultivars.":[139],"Generally,":[140],"application":[142],"tended":[143],"increase":[145],"spikes":[146],"per":[147,159],"square":[148],"meter":[149],"but":[150,183,212],"had":[151,175],"no":[152],"kernel":[155],"weight":[156],"kernels":[158],"spike.":[160],"Ethephon":[161],"treatment":[162],"reduced":[163],"1987.":[166],"Lodging":[167],"absent":[169],"significant":[177],"positive":[178],"test":[181],"weight,":[182],"did":[184],"not":[185,213],"influence":[186],"protein":[188],"concentration":[189],"maturity.":[191],"Economic":[192],"parameters,":[193],"net":[194],"benefit,":[195],"marginal":[197],"rate":[198],"return,":[200],"indicated":[201],"could":[203],"be":[204],"recommended":[205],"for":[206,214],"Nordic":[215],"under":[216],"environmental":[217],"conditions":[218],"similar":[219],"those":[221],"study.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}