{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001085877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","title":"Addition of pramlintide to insulin therapy lowers HbA 1c in conjunction with weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes approaching glycaemic targets","display_name":"Addition of pramlintide to insulin therapy lowers HbA 1c in conjunction with weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes approaching glycaemic targets","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001085877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","mag":"2001085877","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14617226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148394532","display_name":"Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism","issn_l":"1462-8902","issn":["1462-8902","1463-1326"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048198396","display_name":"Priscilla A. Hollander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2072-632X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2072-632X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802366037","display_name":"Baylor University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03nxfhe13","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802366037","https://openalex.org/I4210160418"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Hollander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802366037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081205041","display_name":"Robert E. Ratner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405281094","display_name":"MedStar Health Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03vny0n12","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405281094","https://openalex.org/I86755215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Ratner","raw_affiliation_strings":["MedStar Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MedStar Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405281094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083503351","display_name":"Mark S. Fineman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-6847","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-6847"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Fineman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004232298","display_name":"Susan A. Strobel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Strobel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113725447","display_name":"Larry Zaiqian Shen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062921481","display_name":"David G. Maggs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Maggs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019395960","display_name":"Orville Kolterman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-1288","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-1288"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Kolterman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109551809","display_name":"C. Weyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Weyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109551809"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5380,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5380},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8505,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65981735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"6","first_page":"408","last_page":"414"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12539","display_name":"Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pramlintide","display_name":"pramlintide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-therapy","display_name":"insulin therapy","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c-reduction","display_name":"HbA1c reduction","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-loss","display_name":"weight loss","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amylin-analogues","display_name":"amylin analogues","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-hypoglycemia","display_name":"severe hypoglycemia","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjunctive-therapy","display_name":"adjunctive therapy","score":0.8050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8383265733718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.6712405681610107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6533122658729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.6421940922737122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5517786741256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67761136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2105849","display_name":"Post-hoc analysis","level":2,"score":0.5321927070617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.5011467933654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544821477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718113","display_name":"Weight loss","level":3,"score":0.5003857612609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203092338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340863","display_name":"Clinical endpoint","level":3,"score":0.4534745514392853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.4425995647907257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.3698675036430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3199805021286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.13746345043182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000682","descriptor_name":"Amyloid","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000682","descriptor_name":"Amyloid","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015431","descriptor_name":"Weight Loss","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058228","descriptor_name":"Islet Amyloid Polypeptide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00295.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148394532","display_name":"Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism","issn_l":"1462-8902","issn":["1462-8902","1463-1326"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14617226","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14617226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes, obesity & metabolism","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535088540","https://openalex.org/W1975588287","https://openalex.org/W1982298257","https://openalex.org/W1985994020","https://openalex.org/W1987814078","https://openalex.org/W1994056464","https://openalex.org/W2001910224","https://openalex.org/W2007561446","https://openalex.org/W2036939737","https://openalex.org/W2038951352","https://openalex.org/W2045554373","https://openalex.org/W2068095214","https://openalex.org/W2074118400","https://openalex.org/W2074699312","https://openalex.org/W2076531509","https://openalex.org/W2082198585","https://openalex.org/W2089673855","https://openalex.org/W2090172582","https://openalex.org/W2093217653","https://openalex.org/W2129512027","https://openalex.org/W2134775254","https://openalex.org/W2143025008","https://openalex.org/W2148717983","https://openalex.org/W2173663152","https://openalex.org/W2188846692","https://openalex.org/W2228488234","https://openalex.org/W2326971529","https://openalex.org/W2337454357","https://openalex.org/W2409571013","https://openalex.org/W2752336761","https://openalex.org/W3200139489","https://openalex.org/W4230518743","https://openalex.org/W4252759459"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078386940","https://openalex.org/W49611480","https://openalex.org/W2047864863","https://openalex.org/W1982298257","https://openalex.org/W2114626270","https://openalex.org/W2014516166","https://openalex.org/W2045554373","https://openalex.org/W1982906016","https://openalex.org/W2136695633","https://openalex.org/W4233012627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIM:":[0],"Two":[1],"long-term,":[2],"randomized,":[3],"double-blind,":[4],"placebo-controlled":[5],"clinical":[6],"trials":[7],"in":[8,42,44,62,148,165,168,199,253],"insulin-using":[9],"patients":[10,63,84,235],"with":[11,85,101,120,162,236],"type":[12,237],"2":[13,238],"diabetes,":[14],"spanning":[15],"a":[16,73,196],"wide":[17],"range":[18],"of":[19,28,32,58,78,96,156,203,214,228,262],"baseline":[20,144,175],"glycaemic":[21,69,247],"control,":[22],"have":[23],"shown":[24],"that":[25,46,225],"the":[26,33,79,153,200,226],"addition":[27,227],"pramlintide,":[29],"an":[30,86],"analogue":[31],"beta-cell":[34],"hormone":[35],"amylin,":[36],"to":[37,145,176,230,249],"pre-existing":[38],"insulin":[39,104,127,231],"regimens":[40],"results":[41],"reductions":[43,167,252],"HbA1c":[45,88,106,170,254],"are":[47,241],"accompanied":[48],"by":[49],"weight":[50,110,132,173,257],"loss.":[51],"METHODS:":[52],"To":[53],"assess":[54],"whether":[55],"this":[56,94,220],"profile":[57],"pramlintide":[59,121,163,208,229],"is":[60],"observed":[61],"approaching,":[64,242],"but":[65,243],"not":[66,244],"yet":[67,245],"reaching,":[68,246],"targets,":[70],"we":[71],"conducted":[72],"pooled":[74],"post":[75,221],"hoc":[76,222],"analysis":[77,223],"two":[80],"trials,":[81],"including":[82],"all":[83],"entry":[87],"between":[89],"7.0":[90],"and":[91,118,152,171,180,259],"8.5%.":[92],"Within":[93],"subset":[95],"patients,":[97],"80":[98],"were":[99,193],"treated":[100],"placebo":[102],"+":[103,126],"[baseline":[105],"8.0":[107,129],"+/-":[108,112,116,130,134,138],"0.3%,":[109],"87.3":[111],"19.3":[113],"kg":[114,136,182],"(mean":[115,137],"s.d.)]":[117],"86":[119],"(120":[122],"micro":[123],"g":[124],"bid)":[125],"[HbA1c":[128],"0.4%,":[131],"92.5":[133],"20.4":[135],"s.d.)].":[139],"Endpoints":[140],"included":[141],"changes":[142,192],"from":[143,174,184,219],"Week":[146,177],"26":[147,178],"HbA1c,":[149],"body":[150,172],"weight,":[151],"event":[154],"rate":[155,202],"severe":[157,204,263],"hypoglycaemia.":[158,264],"RESULTS:":[159],"Adjunctive":[160],"therapy":[161,232],"resulted":[164],"significant":[166],"both":[169,187],"(-0.43%":[179],"-2.0":[181],"differences":[183],"placebo,":[185,211],"respectively,":[186],"p":[188],"<":[189],"0.001).":[190],"These":[191],"achieved":[194],"without":[195,255],"concomitant":[197,256],"increase":[198],"overall":[201],"hypoglycaemic":[205],"events":[206],"(0.13":[207],"vs.":[209],"0.19":[210],"events/patient":[212],"year":[213],"exposure).":[215],"CONCLUSIONS:":[216],"The":[217],"data":[218],"indicate":[224],"may":[233],"help":[234],"diabetes":[239],"who":[240],"targets":[248],"achieve":[250],"further":[251],"gain":[258],"increased":[260],"risk":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
