{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001066879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003368820103200204","title":"Palestinian Students' Attitudes Towards Modern Standard Arabic and Palestinian City Arabic","display_name":"Palestinian Students' Attitudes Towards Modern Standard Arabic and Palestinian City Arabic","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001066879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003368820103200204","mag":"2001066879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/003368820103200204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003368820103200204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003368820103200204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59133484","display_name":"RELC Journal","issn_l":"0033-6882","issn":["0033-6882","1745-526X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RELC Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037463663","display_name":"Azim S. Assaf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Azim S. Assaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English and Modern European Languages\rUniversity of Qatar","Department of English and Modern European Languages#R#University of Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English and Modern European Languages\rUniversity of Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English and Modern European Languages#R#University of Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037463663"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89762931,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"2","first_page":"45","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.7271000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.7271000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13912","display_name":"Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis","score":0.17910000681877136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.06120000034570694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modern-standard-arabic","display_name":"Modern Standard Arabic","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-attitudes","display_name":"language attitudes","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palestinian-students","display_name":"Palestinian students","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formality-and-informality","display_name":"formality and informality","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-choice","display_name":"language choice","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-varieties","display_name":"language varieties","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777159308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757948","display_name":"Formality","level":2,"score":0.9378674626350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.725333571434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.6639860272407532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6175306439399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5536681413650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778243841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56467","display_name":"Modern Standard Arabic","level":3,"score":0.5043781995773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.41793787479400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132165367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34049","display_name":"Semitic languages","level":3,"score":0.4149162173271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3737749457359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3598853349685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3272818624973297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1585158407688141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1496817171573639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0858924388885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/003368820103200204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003368820103200204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003368820103200204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59133484","display_name":"RELC Journal","issn_l":"0033-6882","issn":["0033-6882","1745-526X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"RELC Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570202701","https://openalex.org/W1943289056","https://openalex.org/W1996429327","https://openalex.org/W2088272185","https://openalex.org/W2119523305","https://openalex.org/W2210276706","https://openalex.org/W2332829005","https://openalex.org/W2478207259","https://openalex.org/W4230369594","https://openalex.org/W4240298715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W99685053","https://openalex.org/W2971694550","https://openalex.org/W4408078812","https://openalex.org/W3164244776","https://openalex.org/W3126685457","https://openalex.org/W2129869583","https://openalex.org/W3169937748","https://openalex.org/W6999954576","https://openalex.org/W3199159422","https://openalex.org/W2160433102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,173],"study":[1,117],"investigates":[2],"Palestinian":[3,12],"students'":[4],"attitudes":[5],"towards":[6],"Modern":[7],"Standard":[8],"Arabic":[9,14],"(MSA)":[10],"and":[11,26,53,85,94,102,118,156,198,218],"City":[13],"(PCA)":[15],"in":[16,81,97,107,115,130,137,154,158,274],"the":[17,36,43,70,116,123,126,138,147,164,167,170,196,228,236,246,257,270],"context":[18],"of":[19,31,59,69,83,125,140,149,269,276],"two":[20,49,150,178],"extralinguistic":[21],"factors:":[22],"speakers'":[23],"educational":[24],"level":[25,30],"setting.":[27],"The":[28,56,160,182,192,204],"speaker's":[29],"education":[32],"is":[33,79,188,211,263],"defined":[34,80],"by":[35],"academic":[37],"degree":[38,64],"he/":[39],"she":[40],"holds.":[41],"Accordingly,":[42],"speakers":[44],"under":[45,128],"consideration":[46],"fall":[47],"into":[48],"groups:":[50],"highly":[51,229,247],"educated":[52,197,230,238,248,259,272],"less":[54,237,258,271],"educated.":[55],"former":[57],"consists":[58],"members":[60,68,268],"holding":[61],"a":[62,76,143,253,264],"four-year-university":[63],"or":[65],"higher,":[66],"while":[67,235],"latter":[71],"have":[72],"not":[73],"attained":[74],"such":[75],"degree.":[77],"Setting":[78],"terms":[82],"formality":[84],"informality":[86],"which":[87,185,195],"are":[88],"used":[89],"to":[90,142,176],"differentiate":[91],"between":[92],"structured":[93],"unstructured":[95],"situations":[96],"conversational":[98],"interactions.":[99],"Twenty-two":[100],"male":[101],"female":[103],"undergraduate":[104],"Palestinians":[105],"studying":[106],"San":[108],"Francisco":[109],"State":[110],"University,":[111],"California,":[112],"USA,":[113],"participated":[114],"expressed":[119],"their":[120,221],"views":[121,135],"on":[122,146],"use":[124,201],"varieties":[127],"discussion":[129],"different":[131],"language":[132],"situations.":[133],"Those":[134],"came":[136],"form":[139,166],"responses":[141,161],"32-item":[144],"questionnaire":[145],"basis":[148],"tape-recorded":[151],"passages;":[152],"one":[153],"MSA":[155,210,251,278],"another":[157],"PCA.":[159,241],"elicited":[162],"from":[163],"participants":[165],"corpus":[168],"for":[169,184,194,215,220,279],"present":[171],"study.":[172],"paper":[174],"attempts":[175],"address":[177],"major":[179],"concerns:":[180],"1.":[181,208],"setting":[183],"each":[186,202],"variety":[187,203],"considered":[189],"appropriate.":[190],"2.":[191,224],"purposes/functions":[193],"less-educated":[199],"groups":[200],"findings":[205],"indicate":[206],"that":[207],"Generally,":[209],"deemed":[212],"more":[213],"appropriate":[214],"formal":[216,226,280],"settings,":[217,227,245],"PCA":[219],"informal":[222,244],"counterparts.":[223],"In":[225,243],"group":[231,239,249],"mainly":[232],"uses":[233,240],"MSA,":[234],"3.":[242],"employs":[250],"at":[252],"higher":[254],"rate":[255],"than":[256],"group.":[260],"However,":[261],"there":[262],"slight":[265],"tendency,":[266],"among":[267],"group,":[273],"favour":[275],"using":[277],"settings.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}